International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management
Purpose Developed countries agreed at COP15 to pay US$100bn annually for adaptation and mitigatio... more Purpose Developed countries agreed at COP15 to pay US$100bn annually for adaptation and mitigation in developing countries. This paper aims to evaluate how prepared are donors and recipients to spend this money well by analyzing institutional and organizational capabilities for climate change adaptation in least developed country (LDC) administrations using the case of Nepal, a country which can be considered to be an archetypal LDC. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted over 100 in-depth structured qualitative interviews with government officials from across the organizational chain in the ministries concerned with climate change, ranging from the lowest-ranked employee to just under the ministerial ranks. This was supplemented with detailed surveys of three representative communities from different ecological zones in Nepal. Data were analyzed using Ostrom’s IAD framework. Findings Local administrations are more motivated and capable than are given credit for by donors...
ABSTRACT "Management of forests by communities has completed a full circle in India. Beg... more ABSTRACT "Management of forests by communities has completed a full circle in India. Beginning with 'forests under communal ownership' till 19th century, passing through 'state' ownership during and after the British era, once again the involvement of communities in resource management has come into practice. Real participation of communities as a result of participatory policy adopted by the Government of India varies from state to state and from 'name sake' or 'on paper' participation to decentralization of decision making in real sense. While de jure decentralization in forest management is less than 15 years old, in the form of Joint Forest Management (JFM) in India, there are instances of de facto community managed forests, initiated either by communities themselves or by non-governmental organizations (NGO). This paper is based on primary data collected from three case studies, each representing one of the three types of forest management regimes namely the Governments JFM program, NGO promoted, and community initiated. The data has been collected using IFRI protocols. The three communities are located in central India and are similar in geo- physical, socio-politico-economic and demographic set-up, and hence are comparable. Strategies adopted towards benefit sharing by the three types of management systems are apparently not very different. Although equitable distribution of benefits is an important determinant for collective action to succeed in any types of management regime, the field study revealed that it is not an immediate consideration for the communities for initiating collective action. Despite being a government sponsored, well thought out program, even JFM is insensitive towards distributional aspects as it treats the community as one cohesive group and ignores intra-community. Its emphasis seems to be on 'equality' and not 'equity'."
Over the last two decades, community-based forest management has graduated from being an experime... more Over the last two decades, community-based forest management has graduated from being an experimental strategy to becoming a much more mainstream approach. In developing countries, an estimated 22 percent of forest estate is owned by or reserved for community and indigenous groups. Now a SANDEE review paper looks at the literature to assess whether community-based forest management in countries such
Over the last two decades, community-based forest management has graduated from being an experime... more Over the last two decades, community-based forest management has graduated from being an experimental strategy to becoming a much more mainstream approach. In developing countries, an estimated 22 percent of forest estate is owned by or reserved for community and indigenous groups. Now a SANDEE review paper looks at the literature to assess whether community-based forest management in countries such
International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management
Purpose Developed countries agreed at COP15 to pay US$100bn annually for adaptation and mitigatio... more Purpose Developed countries agreed at COP15 to pay US$100bn annually for adaptation and mitigation in developing countries. This paper aims to evaluate how prepared are donors and recipients to spend this money well by analyzing institutional and organizational capabilities for climate change adaptation in least developed country (LDC) administrations using the case of Nepal, a country which can be considered to be an archetypal LDC. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted over 100 in-depth structured qualitative interviews with government officials from across the organizational chain in the ministries concerned with climate change, ranging from the lowest-ranked employee to just under the ministerial ranks. This was supplemented with detailed surveys of three representative communities from different ecological zones in Nepal. Data were analyzed using Ostrom’s IAD framework. Findings Local administrations are more motivated and capable than are given credit for by donors...
ABSTRACT "Management of forests by communities has completed a full circle in India. Beg... more ABSTRACT "Management of forests by communities has completed a full circle in India. Beginning with 'forests under communal ownership' till 19th century, passing through 'state' ownership during and after the British era, once again the involvement of communities in resource management has come into practice. Real participation of communities as a result of participatory policy adopted by the Government of India varies from state to state and from 'name sake' or 'on paper' participation to decentralization of decision making in real sense. While de jure decentralization in forest management is less than 15 years old, in the form of Joint Forest Management (JFM) in India, there are instances of de facto community managed forests, initiated either by communities themselves or by non-governmental organizations (NGO). This paper is based on primary data collected from three case studies, each representing one of the three types of forest management regimes namely the Governments JFM program, NGO promoted, and community initiated. The data has been collected using IFRI protocols. The three communities are located in central India and are similar in geo- physical, socio-politico-economic and demographic set-up, and hence are comparable. Strategies adopted towards benefit sharing by the three types of management systems are apparently not very different. Although equitable distribution of benefits is an important determinant for collective action to succeed in any types of management regime, the field study revealed that it is not an immediate consideration for the communities for initiating collective action. Despite being a government sponsored, well thought out program, even JFM is insensitive towards distributional aspects as it treats the community as one cohesive group and ignores intra-community. Its emphasis seems to be on 'equality' and not 'equity'."
Over the last two decades, community-based forest management has graduated from being an experime... more Over the last two decades, community-based forest management has graduated from being an experimental strategy to becoming a much more mainstream approach. In developing countries, an estimated 22 percent of forest estate is owned by or reserved for community and indigenous groups. Now a SANDEE review paper looks at the literature to assess whether community-based forest management in countries such
Over the last two decades, community-based forest management has graduated from being an experime... more Over the last two decades, community-based forest management has graduated from being an experimental strategy to becoming a much more mainstream approach. In developing countries, an estimated 22 percent of forest estate is owned by or reserved for community and indigenous groups. Now a SANDEE review paper looks at the literature to assess whether community-based forest management in countries such
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Papers by Rucha Ghate