List of Contributors. Series Foreword Preface Introduction Demographic Approaches in Ecotoxicolog... more List of Contributors. Series Foreword Preface Introduction Demographic Approaches in Ecotoxicology: State of the Art (J. Kammenga R. Laskowski) The Toxicologists' and Ecologists' Point of View-Unification through a Demographic Approach (J. Stark J. Banks) Demographic Changes Dynamic Effects of Compounds on Animal Energetics and Their Population Consequences (B. Kooijman J. Bedaux) Life Table Response Experiments in Ecotoxicology (H. Caswell) Stochastic and Density-dependent Models in Ecotoxicology (R. Laskowski) Effects of Heavy Metals on the Badger Meles meles: Interaction between Habitat Quality and Fragmentation (C. Klok, et al.) Cadmium and Zinc Accumulation and Its Demographic Effects in Invertebrates (P. Kramarz) Small Mammal Response at Population and Community Level to Heavy Metal Pollution (Pb, Cd, Tl) (K. Dmowski, et al.) Evolution in Polluted Environments Evolution in Toxic Environments: Quantitative Versus Major Gene Approaches (R. Woods A. Hoffmann) Review of Experimental Evidence for Physiological Costs of Tolerance to Toxicants (N. van Straalen A. Hoffmann) Multi-generation Effects at the Population Level: Fitness Maximisation and Optimal Allocation in a Nematode (J. Kammenga, et al.) Optimal Allocation, Life History and Heavy Metal Accumulation: a Dynamic Programming Model (M. Janczur, et al.) Preadapted Populations in Metal-polluted Environments (A. Rozen) Relationships between Enzymatic Response and Animal Population Demography in Polluted Environments (P. Migula) Tissue Changes in Animals and Their Population Effects (R. wiergosz) Open Problems and Recommendations for Risk Assessment Demographic Approaches in Ecotoxicology-Open Problems (J. Kammenga R. Laskowski) Implications for Ecological Risk Assessment: The Risk Quotient Life-cycle Approach (J. Kammenga) Index
The aim of this study was to estimate the bioavailability of essential (Zn, Cu) and non-essential... more The aim of this study was to estimate the bioavailability of essential (Zn, Cu) and non-essential metals (Cd, Pb) to the earthworm Lumbricus rubellus exposed to soils originating from a gradient of metal pollution in Southern Poland. Metal uptake and elimination kinetics were determined and related to soils properties. Experimental results were compared with tissue metal concentrations observed in earthworms from the studied transect. Cd and Pb were intensively accumulated by the earthworms, with very slow or no elimination. Their uptake rate constants, based on 0.01 M CaCl2-extractable concentrations in the soils, increased with soil pH. Internal concentrations of Cu and Zn were maintained by the earthworms at a stable level, suggesting efficient regulation of these metals by the animals. The estimated uptake and elimination kinetics parameters enabled fairly accurate prediction of metal concentrations reached within a life span of L. rubellus in nature.
All European bats are protected by the EU and Associated Members legal regulations. Being insecti... more All European bats are protected by the EU and Associated Members legal regulations. Being insectivorous and top predators, they can be particularly exposed to persistent organic and inorganic pollutants. It is surprising how little is known about the impact of environmental pollutants on bats from physiological to populational levels. In this study we focused on contamination with trace metals of first-year bats from Kharkiv city, NE Ukraine. Tissues from the carcasses of two species, Nyctalus noctula (n = 20) and Eptesicus serotinus (n = 20), were used for metal analysis. The samples of external (wing membrane, fur) and internal (liver, lung, kidney, bones) tissues were analysed for contents of Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd to see whether fur or wing membrane can be used as proxies for metal contamination of the vital internal tissues. In E. serotinus, significant positive correlations in Pb concentrations were found between all external and internal tissues. For Cd only, correlation between the fur and lung was found, for Cu between the fur and liver, and for Zn between the fur and kidney. In contrast, for N. noctula, only one such correlation was found - between Zn concentrations in the fur and kidney. The tissues differed significantly in concentrations of all studied metals, with no difference between the species. The results showed that the fur and wing membrane can be used as good proxies for Pb concentrations in internal organs of E. serotinus, but not necessarily for other metals or for N. noctula. The results for Pb are, however, encouraging enough to conclude that the topic is worth further studies, covering more species, a wider age range and more diverse environments.
... Simonsen and Scott-Fordsmand (2004) found, by detecting esterase with a non-specific colorime... more ... Simonsen and Scott-Fordsmand (2004) found, by detecting esterase with a non-specific colorimetric method after the electrophoresis, that one homozygote ... The sites for earthworm collection were established along a forest transect, as used in other studies, stretching from 1.9 ...
List of Contributors. Series Foreword Preface Introduction Demographic Approaches in Ecotoxicolog... more List of Contributors. Series Foreword Preface Introduction Demographic Approaches in Ecotoxicology: State of the Art (J. Kammenga R. Laskowski) The Toxicologists' and Ecologists' Point of View-Unification through a Demographic Approach (J. Stark J. Banks) Demographic Changes Dynamic Effects of Compounds on Animal Energetics and Their Population Consequences (B. Kooijman J. Bedaux) Life Table Response Experiments in Ecotoxicology (H. Caswell) Stochastic and Density-dependent Models in Ecotoxicology (R. Laskowski) Effects of Heavy Metals on the Badger Meles meles: Interaction between Habitat Quality and Fragmentation (C. Klok, et al.) Cadmium and Zinc Accumulation and Its Demographic Effects in Invertebrates (P. Kramarz) Small Mammal Response at Population and Community Level to Heavy Metal Pollution (Pb, Cd, Tl) (K. Dmowski, et al.) Evolution in Polluted Environments Evolution in Toxic Environments: Quantitative Versus Major Gene Approaches (R. Woods A. Hoffmann) Review of Experimental Evidence for Physiological Costs of Tolerance to Toxicants (N. van Straalen A. Hoffmann) Multi-generation Effects at the Population Level: Fitness Maximisation and Optimal Allocation in a Nematode (J. Kammenga, et al.) Optimal Allocation, Life History and Heavy Metal Accumulation: a Dynamic Programming Model (M. Janczur, et al.) Preadapted Populations in Metal-polluted Environments (A. Rozen) Relationships between Enzymatic Response and Animal Population Demography in Polluted Environments (P. Migula) Tissue Changes in Animals and Their Population Effects (R. wiergosz) Open Problems and Recommendations for Risk Assessment Demographic Approaches in Ecotoxicology-Open Problems (J. Kammenga R. Laskowski) Implications for Ecological Risk Assessment: The Risk Quotient Life-cycle Approach (J. Kammenga) Index
The aim of this study was to estimate the bioavailability of essential (Zn, Cu) and non-essential... more The aim of this study was to estimate the bioavailability of essential (Zn, Cu) and non-essential metals (Cd, Pb) to the earthworm Lumbricus rubellus exposed to soils originating from a gradient of metal pollution in Southern Poland. Metal uptake and elimination kinetics were determined and related to soils properties. Experimental results were compared with tissue metal concentrations observed in earthworms from the studied transect. Cd and Pb were intensively accumulated by the earthworms, with very slow or no elimination. Their uptake rate constants, based on 0.01 M CaCl2-extractable concentrations in the soils, increased with soil pH. Internal concentrations of Cu and Zn were maintained by the earthworms at a stable level, suggesting efficient regulation of these metals by the animals. The estimated uptake and elimination kinetics parameters enabled fairly accurate prediction of metal concentrations reached within a life span of L. rubellus in nature.
All European bats are protected by the EU and Associated Members legal regulations. Being insecti... more All European bats are protected by the EU and Associated Members legal regulations. Being insectivorous and top predators, they can be particularly exposed to persistent organic and inorganic pollutants. It is surprising how little is known about the impact of environmental pollutants on bats from physiological to populational levels. In this study we focused on contamination with trace metals of first-year bats from Kharkiv city, NE Ukraine. Tissues from the carcasses of two species, Nyctalus noctula (n = 20) and Eptesicus serotinus (n = 20), were used for metal analysis. The samples of external (wing membrane, fur) and internal (liver, lung, kidney, bones) tissues were analysed for contents of Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd to see whether fur or wing membrane can be used as proxies for metal contamination of the vital internal tissues. In E. serotinus, significant positive correlations in Pb concentrations were found between all external and internal tissues. For Cd only, correlation between the fur and lung was found, for Cu between the fur and liver, and for Zn between the fur and kidney. In contrast, for N. noctula, only one such correlation was found - between Zn concentrations in the fur and kidney. The tissues differed significantly in concentrations of all studied metals, with no difference between the species. The results showed that the fur and wing membrane can be used as good proxies for Pb concentrations in internal organs of E. serotinus, but not necessarily for other metals or for N. noctula. The results for Pb are, however, encouraging enough to conclude that the topic is worth further studies, covering more species, a wider age range and more diverse environments.
... Simonsen and Scott-Fordsmand (2004) found, by detecting esterase with a non-specific colorime... more ... Simonsen and Scott-Fordsmand (2004) found, by detecting esterase with a non-specific colorimetric method after the electrophoresis, that one homozygote ... The sites for earthworm collection were established along a forest transect, as used in other studies, stretching from 1.9 ...
Uploads
Papers by Ryszard Laskowski