The fresh yields, the essential oil content, and the quality of a sage hybrid (Salvia officinalis... more The fresh yields, the essential oil content, and the quality of a sage hybrid (Salvia officinalis x Salvia fruticosa, cv. Newe Ya'ar No. 4, Lamiaceae) as affected by development and harvest time were determined. Marked increases in plant height and in the number of nodes developed per plant together with a modest increase in leaf size were accompanied by dramatic increases (more than 20-fold) in the fresh yields throughout a 50-day growth period. No major changes in the essential oil content per fresh weight and its composition were detected throughout the growth period. In contrast, the compositions of the essential oils obtained from stems, as compared to leaves and leaf-primordia, had marked differences. Developmentally controlled changes in the extractives from individual leaf pairs from the same plant were also noted. In upper young leaves, the oxygenated diterpene manool and the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons alpha-humulene and beta-caryophyllene constituted up to 20%, 8%, and 4% of the total extractives, respectively. In older leaves, the abundance of these components steadily dropped to roughly half their levels in young leaves. Conversely, the proportions of the monoterpenes, particularly the ketones camphor and alpha-thujone, steadily increased with leaf position. Minor changes in the levels of other extractives were also recorded. These studies imply independent regulatory patterns for di-, sesqui-, and monoterpenes in this sage hybrid, and suggest possible agrotechnical means to obtain preferred chemical compositions of its essential oil.
Page 1. STABILITY OF A PUMP STORAGE HYDRO-POWER STATION CONNECTED TO A POWER SYSTEM SP Mansoor &a... more Page 1. STABILITY OF A PUMP STORAGE HYDRO-POWER STATION CONNECTED TO A POWER SYSTEM SP Mansoor & DI Jones DA Bradley FC Ark & GR Jones SEECS School of Science & Engineering First Hydro Company ...
Etiology plays an important role in the results of mitral valve repair. Although it is known that... more Etiology plays an important role in the results of mitral valve repair. Although it is known that rheumatic disease is a negative factor, the possible influence of age has not been determined. In an attempt to study this factor, all consecutive Saudi patients operated for rheumatic mitral disease between July 1988 and December 1992 were reviewed. There were 537 patients (mean age 31.91 years). Replacement was performed in 231 patients and repair in 306. Follow-up was 98% complete with a maximum of 52 months (mean 20 months). The patients were divlded by age into three groups: group I between 0 and 20 years (n = 145), group II between 21 and 40 years (n = 247), and group III older than 41 years (n = 145). The results showed repair rates of 76.6% (group I), 59.1% (group II), and 33.8% (group III). Actuarial survivals for repair were 95.87% (group I), 94.82% (group II), and 81.14% (group III), and for replacement were 88.33% (group I), 94.29% (group II), and 71.10% (group III). The reoperation rates for repair were 23.6% (group I), 9.6% (group II), and 8.7% (group III). There were only three reoperations in the replacement group. In conclusion: (1) the rate of repair is age dependent and inversely related; (2) repair in patients younger than 20 years of age carries a high reoperation rate; and (3) in this age group there is a higher survival tendency. (J Card Surg 1994;9[Suppl]:282–285)
Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (5): 401–407Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (5): 401–407AbstractBackground ... more Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (5): 401–407Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (5): 401–407AbstractBackground Dietary fibre (DF) has been shown to be protective for the development of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Short-chain fatty acids, produced by colonic fermentation of DF might mediate this beneficial effect. Adipose tissue plays a key role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, therefore, we investigated the influence of the short-chain fatty acid propionic acid (PA) on leptin, adiponectin and resistin production by human omental (OAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). As PA has been shown to be a ligand for G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) 41 and 43, we investigated the role of GPCR’s in PA signalling.Materials and methods Human OAT and SAT explants were obtained from gynaecological patients who underwent surgery. Explants were incubated for 24 h with PA. Adipokine secretion and mRNA expression were determined using ELISA and RT-PCR respectively.Results We found that PA significantly stimulated leptin mRNA expression and secretion by OAT and SAT, whereas it had no effect on adiponectin. Furthermore, PA reduced resistin mRNA expression. Leptin induction, but not resistin reduction, was abolished by inhibition of Gi/o-coupled GPCR signalling. Moreover, GPCR41 and GPCR43 mRNA levels were considerably higher in SAT than in OAT.Conclusions We demonstrate that PA stimulates expression of the anorexigenic hormone leptin and reduces the pro-inflammatory factor resistin in human adipose tissue depots. This suggests that PA is involved in regulation of human energy metabolism and inflammation and in this way may influence the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes.Background Dietary fibre (DF) has been shown to be protective for the development of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Short-chain fatty acids, produced by colonic fermentation of DF might mediate this beneficial effect. Adipose tissue plays a key role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, therefore, we investigated the influence of the short-chain fatty acid propionic acid (PA) on leptin, adiponectin and resistin production by human omental (OAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). As PA has been shown to be a ligand for G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) 41 and 43, we investigated the role of GPCR’s in PA signalling.Materials and methods Human OAT and SAT explants were obtained from gynaecological patients who underwent surgery. Explants were incubated for 24 h with PA. Adipokine secretion and mRNA expression were determined using ELISA and RT-PCR respectively.Results We found that PA significantly stimulated leptin mRNA expression and secretion by OAT and SAT, whereas it had no effect on adiponectin. Furthermore, PA reduced resistin mRNA expression. Leptin induction, but not resistin reduction, was abolished by inhibition of Gi/o-coupled GPCR signalling. Moreover, GPCR41 and GPCR43 mRNA levels were considerably higher in SAT than in OAT.Conclusions We demonstrate that PA stimulates expression of the anorexigenic hormone leptin and reduces the pro-inflammatory factor resistin in human adipose tissue depots. This suggests that PA is involved in regulation of human energy metabolism and inflammation and in this way may influence the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
The fresh yields, the essential oil content, and the quality of a sage hybrid (Salvia officinalis... more The fresh yields, the essential oil content, and the quality of a sage hybrid (Salvia officinalis x Salvia fruticosa, cv. Newe Ya'ar No. 4, Lamiaceae) as affected by development and harvest time were determined. Marked increases in plant height and in the number of nodes developed per plant together with a modest increase in leaf size were accompanied by dramatic increases (more than 20-fold) in the fresh yields throughout a 50-day growth period. No major changes in the essential oil content per fresh weight and its composition were detected throughout the growth period. In contrast, the compositions of the essential oils obtained from stems, as compared to leaves and leaf-primordia, had marked differences. Developmentally controlled changes in the extractives from individual leaf pairs from the same plant were also noted. In upper young leaves, the oxygenated diterpene manool and the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons alpha-humulene and beta-caryophyllene constituted up to 20%, 8%, and 4% of the total extractives, respectively. In older leaves, the abundance of these components steadily dropped to roughly half their levels in young leaves. Conversely, the proportions of the monoterpenes, particularly the ketones camphor and alpha-thujone, steadily increased with leaf position. Minor changes in the levels of other extractives were also recorded. These studies imply independent regulatory patterns for di-, sesqui-, and monoterpenes in this sage hybrid, and suggest possible agrotechnical means to obtain preferred chemical compositions of its essential oil.
Page 1. STABILITY OF A PUMP STORAGE HYDRO-POWER STATION CONNECTED TO A POWER SYSTEM SP Mansoor &a... more Page 1. STABILITY OF A PUMP STORAGE HYDRO-POWER STATION CONNECTED TO A POWER SYSTEM SP Mansoor & DI Jones DA Bradley FC Ark & GR Jones SEECS School of Science & Engineering First Hydro Company ...
Etiology plays an important role in the results of mitral valve repair. Although it is known that... more Etiology plays an important role in the results of mitral valve repair. Although it is known that rheumatic disease is a negative factor, the possible influence of age has not been determined. In an attempt to study this factor, all consecutive Saudi patients operated for rheumatic mitral disease between July 1988 and December 1992 were reviewed. There were 537 patients (mean age 31.91 years). Replacement was performed in 231 patients and repair in 306. Follow-up was 98% complete with a maximum of 52 months (mean 20 months). The patients were divlded by age into three groups: group I between 0 and 20 years (n = 145), group II between 21 and 40 years (n = 247), and group III older than 41 years (n = 145). The results showed repair rates of 76.6% (group I), 59.1% (group II), and 33.8% (group III). Actuarial survivals for repair were 95.87% (group I), 94.82% (group II), and 81.14% (group III), and for replacement were 88.33% (group I), 94.29% (group II), and 71.10% (group III). The reoperation rates for repair were 23.6% (group I), 9.6% (group II), and 8.7% (group III). There were only three reoperations in the replacement group. In conclusion: (1) the rate of repair is age dependent and inversely related; (2) repair in patients younger than 20 years of age carries a high reoperation rate; and (3) in this age group there is a higher survival tendency. (J Card Surg 1994;9[Suppl]:282–285)
Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (5): 401–407Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (5): 401–407AbstractBackground ... more Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (5): 401–407Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (5): 401–407AbstractBackground Dietary fibre (DF) has been shown to be protective for the development of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Short-chain fatty acids, produced by colonic fermentation of DF might mediate this beneficial effect. Adipose tissue plays a key role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, therefore, we investigated the influence of the short-chain fatty acid propionic acid (PA) on leptin, adiponectin and resistin production by human omental (OAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). As PA has been shown to be a ligand for G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) 41 and 43, we investigated the role of GPCR’s in PA signalling.Materials and methods Human OAT and SAT explants were obtained from gynaecological patients who underwent surgery. Explants were incubated for 24 h with PA. Adipokine secretion and mRNA expression were determined using ELISA and RT-PCR respectively.Results We found that PA significantly stimulated leptin mRNA expression and secretion by OAT and SAT, whereas it had no effect on adiponectin. Furthermore, PA reduced resistin mRNA expression. Leptin induction, but not resistin reduction, was abolished by inhibition of Gi/o-coupled GPCR signalling. Moreover, GPCR41 and GPCR43 mRNA levels were considerably higher in SAT than in OAT.Conclusions We demonstrate that PA stimulates expression of the anorexigenic hormone leptin and reduces the pro-inflammatory factor resistin in human adipose tissue depots. This suggests that PA is involved in regulation of human energy metabolism and inflammation and in this way may influence the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes.Background Dietary fibre (DF) has been shown to be protective for the development of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Short-chain fatty acids, produced by colonic fermentation of DF might mediate this beneficial effect. Adipose tissue plays a key role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, therefore, we investigated the influence of the short-chain fatty acid propionic acid (PA) on leptin, adiponectin and resistin production by human omental (OAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). As PA has been shown to be a ligand for G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) 41 and 43, we investigated the role of GPCR’s in PA signalling.Materials and methods Human OAT and SAT explants were obtained from gynaecological patients who underwent surgery. Explants were incubated for 24 h with PA. Adipokine secretion and mRNA expression were determined using ELISA and RT-PCR respectively.Results We found that PA significantly stimulated leptin mRNA expression and secretion by OAT and SAT, whereas it had no effect on adiponectin. Furthermore, PA reduced resistin mRNA expression. Leptin induction, but not resistin reduction, was abolished by inhibition of Gi/o-coupled GPCR signalling. Moreover, GPCR41 and GPCR43 mRNA levels were considerably higher in SAT than in OAT.Conclusions We demonstrate that PA stimulates expression of the anorexigenic hormone leptin and reduces the pro-inflammatory factor resistin in human adipose tissue depots. This suggests that PA is involved in regulation of human energy metabolism and inflammation and in this way may influence the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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