BACKGROUND: Health and work environment are known factors in being active in working life beyond ... more BACKGROUND: Health and work environment are known factors in being active in working life beyond legal retirement. OBJECTIVE: To investigate sociodemographic, health and work environment factors as possible predictors of being active in working life at ages 66 and 72. Secondly, investigate eventual changes over time, shortly after a major reform in the Swedish pension system, and predictors of still being active in working life at age 66. METHODS: We used a longitudinal design with two separate cohorts of people at age 60. One baseline assessment was made in 2001–2003 with two 6 years follow-ups, and one in 200–2009 with one 6 years follow-up. Data were accessed through a Swedish national population-based study and analysed using logistic regression. To examine possible differences between the two cohorts, interaction terms with each independent variable were analysed. RESULTS: Being a man and working in a profession that requires at least three years of university education predict...
Background: The relationship between blood pressure levels and decline of cognition has been disc... more Background: The relationship between blood pressure levels and decline of cognition has been discussed previously, but little is known about the confounding effect of lifestyle factors, antihypertensive treatment and disease in the elderly. Objective: To examine the association between systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, changes of DBP and SBP and hypertension (HT) on cognitive function, while controlling for confounding factors. Design: A longitudinal cohort study of men born in 1914 and residing in the municipality of Malmö studied at age 68 and 81 years. Setting: Probands invited to a university clinic. Subjects: One hundred and eighty-six out of 281 invited men still alive in 1995/6 participated in the most recent follow-up. Main outcome: Change of the cognitive performance in the verbal (Paired Associates and Synonyms), spatial (Block Design and Benton Visual Retention test) and speed (Digit Symbol Substitution) functions. Results: DBP by tertiles at 68 years, but not HT, was inversely related to verbal, spatial and speed performance at 81 years. Only spatial function was related to SBP at 68 years. The association between DBP and SBP by tertiles, and spatial functions (Block Design and Benton Visual Retention test) remained after controlling for education, marital status, smoking, alcohol and physical activity, and intermediates such as arteriosclerotic manifestations (block design, beta = 0.17; = 0.029) in multiple regression models. A decrease in DBP was likewise related to spatial (beta = 0.16; = 0.049) and speed performance (beta = 0.17; = 0.039) in the same regression model. Conclusions: Evidence is found to support the hypothesis that hypertension, especially high DBP in late midlife, is associated with a decline in spatial performance of cognitive functions in elderly men.
Background: The relationship between blood pressure levels and decline of cognition has been disc... more Background: The relationship between blood pressure levels and decline of cognition has been discussed previously, but little is known about the confounding effect of lifestyle factors, antihypertensive treatment and disease in the elderly. Objective: To examine the association between systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, changes of DBP and SBP and hypertension (HT) on cognitive function, while controlling for confounding factors. Design: A longitudinal cohort study of men born in 1914 and residing in the municipality of Malmö studied at age 68 and 81 years. Setting: Probands invited to a university clinic. Subjects: One hundred and eighty-six out of 281 invited men still alive in 1995/6 participated in the most recent follow-up. Main outcome: Change of the cognitive performance in the verbal (Paired Associates and Synonyms), spatial (Block Design and Benton Visual Retention test) and speed (Digit Symbol Substitution) functions. Results: DBP by tertiles at 68 years, but not HT, was inversely related to verbal, spatial and speed performance at 81 years. Only spatial function was related to SBP at 68 years. The association between DBP and SBP by tertiles, and spatial functions (Block Design and Benton Visual Retention test) remained after controlling for education, marital status, smoking, alcohol and physical activity, and intermediates such as arteriosclerotic manifestations (block design, beta = 0.17; = 0.029) in multiple regression models. A decrease in DBP was likewise related to spatial (beta = 0.16; = 0.049) and speed performance (beta = 0.17; = 0.039) in the same regression model. Conclusions: Evidence is found to support the hypothesis that hypertension, especially high DBP in late midlife, is associated with a decline in spatial performance of cognitive functions in elderly men.
Multichannel (19) EEG were analyzed in 23 female patients with rather advanced late-onset Alzheim... more Multichannel (19) EEG were analyzed in 23 female patients with rather advanced late-onset Alzheimer''s disease (AD) and compared with 56 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. The quantified EEG was correlated with psychometric and clinical variables. The control subjects showed increasing theta activity with age but the EEG changes did not correlate significantly with psychometric features. The AD patients showed highly significant increases in delta and theta activity and decreases in beta activity compared with controls. The EEG changes were most marked over posterior regions of the brain. The individual EEG variables showed a high degree of intercorrelation and an almost complete discrimination between patients and controls was accomplished by taking only the posterior delta activity into account. In a subgroup of 10 patients, in which a Mini Mental test score could be obtained, the score correlated with the relative theta power.
Multichannel (19) EEG were analyzed in 23 female patients with rather advanced late-onset Alzheim... more Multichannel (19) EEG were analyzed in 23 female patients with rather advanced late-onset Alzheimer''s disease (AD) and compared with 56 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. The quantified EEG was correlated with psychometric and clinical variables. The control subjects showed increasing theta activity with age but the EEG changes did not correlate significantly with psychometric features. The AD patients showed highly significant increases in delta and theta activity and decreases in beta activity compared with controls. The EEG changes were most marked over posterior regions of the brain. The individual EEG variables showed a high degree of intercorrelation and an almost complete discrimination between patients and controls was accomplished by taking only the posterior delta activity into account. In a subgroup of 10 patients, in which a Mini Mental test score could be obtained, the score correlated with the relative theta power.
BACKGROUND: Health and work environment are known factors in being active in working life beyond ... more BACKGROUND: Health and work environment are known factors in being active in working life beyond legal retirement. OBJECTIVE: To investigate sociodemographic, health and work environment factors as possible predictors of being active in working life at ages 66 and 72. Secondly, investigate eventual changes over time, shortly after a major reform in the Swedish pension system, and predictors of still being active in working life at age 66. METHODS: We used a longitudinal design with two separate cohorts of people at age 60. One baseline assessment was made in 2001–2003 with two 6 years follow-ups, and one in 200–2009 with one 6 years follow-up. Data were accessed through a Swedish national population-based study and analysed using logistic regression. To examine possible differences between the two cohorts, interaction terms with each independent variable were analysed. RESULTS: Being a man and working in a profession that requires at least three years of university education predict...
Background: The relationship between blood pressure levels and decline of cognition has been disc... more Background: The relationship between blood pressure levels and decline of cognition has been discussed previously, but little is known about the confounding effect of lifestyle factors, antihypertensive treatment and disease in the elderly. Objective: To examine the association between systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, changes of DBP and SBP and hypertension (HT) on cognitive function, while controlling for confounding factors. Design: A longitudinal cohort study of men born in 1914 and residing in the municipality of Malmö studied at age 68 and 81 years. Setting: Probands invited to a university clinic. Subjects: One hundred and eighty-six out of 281 invited men still alive in 1995/6 participated in the most recent follow-up. Main outcome: Change of the cognitive performance in the verbal (Paired Associates and Synonyms), spatial (Block Design and Benton Visual Retention test) and speed (Digit Symbol Substitution) functions. Results: DBP by tertiles at 68 years, but not HT, was inversely related to verbal, spatial and speed performance at 81 years. Only spatial function was related to SBP at 68 years. The association between DBP and SBP by tertiles, and spatial functions (Block Design and Benton Visual Retention test) remained after controlling for education, marital status, smoking, alcohol and physical activity, and intermediates such as arteriosclerotic manifestations (block design, beta = 0.17; = 0.029) in multiple regression models. A decrease in DBP was likewise related to spatial (beta = 0.16; = 0.049) and speed performance (beta = 0.17; = 0.039) in the same regression model. Conclusions: Evidence is found to support the hypothesis that hypertension, especially high DBP in late midlife, is associated with a decline in spatial performance of cognitive functions in elderly men.
Background: The relationship between blood pressure levels and decline of cognition has been disc... more Background: The relationship between blood pressure levels and decline of cognition has been discussed previously, but little is known about the confounding effect of lifestyle factors, antihypertensive treatment and disease in the elderly. Objective: To examine the association between systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, changes of DBP and SBP and hypertension (HT) on cognitive function, while controlling for confounding factors. Design: A longitudinal cohort study of men born in 1914 and residing in the municipality of Malmö studied at age 68 and 81 years. Setting: Probands invited to a university clinic. Subjects: One hundred and eighty-six out of 281 invited men still alive in 1995/6 participated in the most recent follow-up. Main outcome: Change of the cognitive performance in the verbal (Paired Associates and Synonyms), spatial (Block Design and Benton Visual Retention test) and speed (Digit Symbol Substitution) functions. Results: DBP by tertiles at 68 years, but not HT, was inversely related to verbal, spatial and speed performance at 81 years. Only spatial function was related to SBP at 68 years. The association between DBP and SBP by tertiles, and spatial functions (Block Design and Benton Visual Retention test) remained after controlling for education, marital status, smoking, alcohol and physical activity, and intermediates such as arteriosclerotic manifestations (block design, beta = 0.17; = 0.029) in multiple regression models. A decrease in DBP was likewise related to spatial (beta = 0.16; = 0.049) and speed performance (beta = 0.17; = 0.039) in the same regression model. Conclusions: Evidence is found to support the hypothesis that hypertension, especially high DBP in late midlife, is associated with a decline in spatial performance of cognitive functions in elderly men.
Multichannel (19) EEG were analyzed in 23 female patients with rather advanced late-onset Alzheim... more Multichannel (19) EEG were analyzed in 23 female patients with rather advanced late-onset Alzheimer''s disease (AD) and compared with 56 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. The quantified EEG was correlated with psychometric and clinical variables. The control subjects showed increasing theta activity with age but the EEG changes did not correlate significantly with psychometric features. The AD patients showed highly significant increases in delta and theta activity and decreases in beta activity compared with controls. The EEG changes were most marked over posterior regions of the brain. The individual EEG variables showed a high degree of intercorrelation and an almost complete discrimination between patients and controls was accomplished by taking only the posterior delta activity into account. In a subgroup of 10 patients, in which a Mini Mental test score could be obtained, the score correlated with the relative theta power.
Multichannel (19) EEG were analyzed in 23 female patients with rather advanced late-onset Alzheim... more Multichannel (19) EEG were analyzed in 23 female patients with rather advanced late-onset Alzheimer''s disease (AD) and compared with 56 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. The quantified EEG was correlated with psychometric and clinical variables. The control subjects showed increasing theta activity with age but the EEG changes did not correlate significantly with psychometric features. The AD patients showed highly significant increases in delta and theta activity and decreases in beta activity compared with controls. The EEG changes were most marked over posterior regions of the brain. The individual EEG variables showed a high degree of intercorrelation and an almost complete discrimination between patients and controls was accomplished by taking only the posterior delta activity into account. In a subgroup of 10 patients, in which a Mini Mental test score could be obtained, the score correlated with the relative theta power.
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