This chapter explores Marzia's and Jamila&amp... more This chapter explores Marzia's and Jamila's assessments of the conditions for Afghan women in 2010. After a five-year hiatus in their meetings, the author was curious to see what the women would consider progress for their countrywomen as well as their views of continuing needs. She was both encouraged by their reports of progress for women's status and opportunities and unsurprised that almost every advance they described had a caveat, usually one that acknowledged that advances in rights, literacy, public activity, education, and health care were partial, unreliable, and often limited to women in Kabul or in other cities. It was here that the different professional foci of the two women became clearest. Marzia's dedication to the law and the legal profession necessarily kept her eyes primarily on the cities, where the rule of civil law was most likely to count. Jamila's widely networked organization also worked primarily in cities and larger villages, but her emphasis on education and skills training for women had more applicability to nonurban settings. She was therefore in touch with many rural Afghans.
This chapter interprets contemporary analyses of Afghanistan's future by mainstream p... more This chapter interprets contemporary analyses of Afghanistan's future by mainstream political observers, historians, economists, and other “experts” through the perspectives of women's rights advocates, feminist theorists, gender scholars, and others. It takes into account, first, the continued presence of international donor governments and aid agencies in Afghanistan for the foreseeable future, despite the scheduled allied troop withdrawal. It then considers what various approaches to Afghanistan's future central government might mean for the country's women and for their social status and access to resources and opportunities. The chapter further analyzes the implications for women's rights of negotiating with the Taliban and of conceptualizing Afghanistan as a coherent nation-state. The final section explores possible new ground for transnational collaboration between Western and Afghan feminist activists and theorists in light of the checkered history and st...
This chapter presents the author's though... more This chapter presents the author's thoughts about the Ohio State University conference on November 17, 2005. The conference began with sessions that addressed what the leaders in the room thought life was really like for ordinary Afghan women and how they as activists were trying to address those women's needs. All attendees responded to that question from the perspective of their own work and interests, yet there was a surprising level of agreement among them. They agreed that things were indeed better for Afghan women since the Taliban had departed, and that there were still problems for Afghan women. The author was most impressed by the laser-like foci of Marzia Basel and Jamila Afghani on the importance of legal reform and the need for more and better education and skill training. Both seemed fruitful paths through the complex and difficult tangle of Afghan women's needs.
This chapter takes a deeper look at the professional activities of Marzia and Jamila in the inter... more This chapter takes a deeper look at the professional activities of Marzia and Jamila in the intervening years. It offers a somewhat soberer vision of the constraints and setbacks that women activists were facing by 2010 as well as the continued evidence of their persistence in the face of such challenges. It was obvious that the same complexities and contradictions that characterized the process of change in Afghanistan over the previous five years in general had also characterized their individual work experiences. Welcome progress in their professional fortunes inevitably accompanied disappointments and reversals, more so than they apparently foresaw in 2005.
Gender inequality is deliberate, universal, and exploitative by design. While gender is embedded ... more Gender inequality is deliberate, universal, and exploitative by design. While gender is embedded in many types of inequality, such as vital inequality and resources inequality, it is also foundational to those other forms. Furthermore, gender inequality entails a seldom discussed form of inequality, which Kitch calls protective inequality. In this chapter Kitch validates these arguments through global examples and a historical case study of the gendered foundations of racial inequality in the United States. She also demonstrates the persistence of gender inequality over time through analyses of coverture, which mandated women’s dependence on men and denied them access to economic resources and opportunities in the United Kingdom and United States into the twentieth century, and sexual violence and harassment, which effectively impose analogous restrictions on women’s lifeways and economic prospects in the present day.
This chapter assesses the significance of the obstacles Marzia and Jamila identified in 2010 and ... more This chapter assesses the significance of the obstacles Marzia and Jamila identified in 2010 and 2011, which included criticisms of Afghan women leaders and the fear that their limitations would keep ordinary women's prospects from flowering in the desert of their own delayed opportunities. When the author met and spoke to the women in 2010 and 2011, Marzia and Jamila had given much thought to the strategies their country should adopt in order to address the problems it faces. In their conversations, the women offered some pointed suggestions about moving Afghanistan forward on a number of fronts. In their usual manner, their discussion combined hopes and fears, but it was increasingly clear that obstacles were casting a longer shadow over possibilities for change than they had in 2005. The author was impressed that the two women wanted to discuss strategies for change in the midst of their discouragement, but even as she clung to their positive insights, the pain in their voices as they discussed enduring obstacles was unmistakable.
... The more we under-stand about gender as a key element in each human subject, the more we will... more ... The more we under-stand about gender as a key element in each human subject, the more we will understand about literary forms and literary and critical imaginations. ... "Archimedes and the Paradox of Feminist Criticism." Feminist Theory: A Critique of ... Showalter, Elaine. ...
... Most importantly, the novels also distinguish between the function of language for males and ... more ... Most importantly, the novels also distinguish between the function of language for males and females within the dialect group, particularly in connection with female repression andsilence. ... Page 5. GENDER AND LANGUAGE 69 female memory. ...
Foreword - Elsie R Shore Career Women in Perspective - Nancy McCarthy Snyder The Wichita Sample &... more Foreword - Elsie R Shore Career Women in Perspective - Nancy McCarthy Snyder The Wichita Sample 'We're All in This Alone' - Sally L Kitch Career Women's Attitudes Toward Feminism Choosing the High Tech Path - Nancy A Brooks Career Women and Technology Mentor - Brooke B Collison Career Women and Supervision Perceptions of Equity - Flo Hamrick Career Women and Discrimination Sharing Home Responsibilities - Wayne Carlisle Women and Dual-Career Marriages Career Women and Motherhood - Nancy McCarthy Snyder Child Care Dilemmas and Choices Career Women's Leisure - Marcia L McCoy Challenges and Realities Is Alcoholism the Cost of Equality - Elsie R Shore Leadership or Empowerment? Reframing Our Questions - Carol Wolfe Konek The Future of Women and Careers - Carole Wolfe Konek, Sally L Kitch, and Elsie R Shore Issues and Challenges
enly Sphere. Sister Alice had rescued the scroll from a pile of papers destined to be burned. Per... more enly Sphere. Sister Alice had rescued the scroll from a pile of papers destined to be burned. Perhaps believing with other Shakers that such visual expressions of spiritual communication might be misunderstood by the outside world, and knowing well that Shaker policies prohibited the display of pictures on the walls, she had kept it hidden until the Andrewses' visit inspired her to reveal its existence. Since that evening, scores of similar drawings have been revealed. In addition to the Andrewses' book about them, Visions of the Heavenly Sphere (1969), at least three others that describe, catalogue, reproduce, and discuss the drawings have been published, and dates and artists' names have been assigned to them where possible. Based on the list of 192 known works, Shaker scholar Daniel Patterson estimates that as many as 1,316 drawings may have been executed between 1841 and i859. Of the known drawings, 154 were created at New Lebanon, New York, 20 were produced at Hancock, Massachusetts, and the remainder were done at three other communities--Watervliet, New York; Canterbury, New Hampshire; and North Union, Ohio.2 Patterson identifies them as "gift" rather than "spiritual" or "inspirational" drawings, arguing that the Shakers disparaged automatic spiritualism. He also notes that recent usage of the word inspirational has given it a pedestrian meaning that contrasts sharply with the nineteenth-century Shaker understanding of the term as "total selfconsecration." Andrews, who initially called the
This chapter explores Marzia's and Jamila&amp... more This chapter explores Marzia's and Jamila's assessments of the conditions for Afghan women in 2010. After a five-year hiatus in their meetings, the author was curious to see what the women would consider progress for their countrywomen as well as their views of continuing needs. She was both encouraged by their reports of progress for women's status and opportunities and unsurprised that almost every advance they described had a caveat, usually one that acknowledged that advances in rights, literacy, public activity, education, and health care were partial, unreliable, and often limited to women in Kabul or in other cities. It was here that the different professional foci of the two women became clearest. Marzia's dedication to the law and the legal profession necessarily kept her eyes primarily on the cities, where the rule of civil law was most likely to count. Jamila's widely networked organization also worked primarily in cities and larger villages, but her emphasis on education and skills training for women had more applicability to nonurban settings. She was therefore in touch with many rural Afghans.
This chapter interprets contemporary analyses of Afghanistan's future by mainstream p... more This chapter interprets contemporary analyses of Afghanistan's future by mainstream political observers, historians, economists, and other “experts” through the perspectives of women's rights advocates, feminist theorists, gender scholars, and others. It takes into account, first, the continued presence of international donor governments and aid agencies in Afghanistan for the foreseeable future, despite the scheduled allied troop withdrawal. It then considers what various approaches to Afghanistan's future central government might mean for the country's women and for their social status and access to resources and opportunities. The chapter further analyzes the implications for women's rights of negotiating with the Taliban and of conceptualizing Afghanistan as a coherent nation-state. The final section explores possible new ground for transnational collaboration between Western and Afghan feminist activists and theorists in light of the checkered history and st...
This chapter presents the author's though... more This chapter presents the author's thoughts about the Ohio State University conference on November 17, 2005. The conference began with sessions that addressed what the leaders in the room thought life was really like for ordinary Afghan women and how they as activists were trying to address those women's needs. All attendees responded to that question from the perspective of their own work and interests, yet there was a surprising level of agreement among them. They agreed that things were indeed better for Afghan women since the Taliban had departed, and that there were still problems for Afghan women. The author was most impressed by the laser-like foci of Marzia Basel and Jamila Afghani on the importance of legal reform and the need for more and better education and skill training. Both seemed fruitful paths through the complex and difficult tangle of Afghan women's needs.
This chapter takes a deeper look at the professional activities of Marzia and Jamila in the inter... more This chapter takes a deeper look at the professional activities of Marzia and Jamila in the intervening years. It offers a somewhat soberer vision of the constraints and setbacks that women activists were facing by 2010 as well as the continued evidence of their persistence in the face of such challenges. It was obvious that the same complexities and contradictions that characterized the process of change in Afghanistan over the previous five years in general had also characterized their individual work experiences. Welcome progress in their professional fortunes inevitably accompanied disappointments and reversals, more so than they apparently foresaw in 2005.
Gender inequality is deliberate, universal, and exploitative by design. While gender is embedded ... more Gender inequality is deliberate, universal, and exploitative by design. While gender is embedded in many types of inequality, such as vital inequality and resources inequality, it is also foundational to those other forms. Furthermore, gender inequality entails a seldom discussed form of inequality, which Kitch calls protective inequality. In this chapter Kitch validates these arguments through global examples and a historical case study of the gendered foundations of racial inequality in the United States. She also demonstrates the persistence of gender inequality over time through analyses of coverture, which mandated women’s dependence on men and denied them access to economic resources and opportunities in the United Kingdom and United States into the twentieth century, and sexual violence and harassment, which effectively impose analogous restrictions on women’s lifeways and economic prospects in the present day.
This chapter assesses the significance of the obstacles Marzia and Jamila identified in 2010 and ... more This chapter assesses the significance of the obstacles Marzia and Jamila identified in 2010 and 2011, which included criticisms of Afghan women leaders and the fear that their limitations would keep ordinary women's prospects from flowering in the desert of their own delayed opportunities. When the author met and spoke to the women in 2010 and 2011, Marzia and Jamila had given much thought to the strategies their country should adopt in order to address the problems it faces. In their conversations, the women offered some pointed suggestions about moving Afghanistan forward on a number of fronts. In their usual manner, their discussion combined hopes and fears, but it was increasingly clear that obstacles were casting a longer shadow over possibilities for change than they had in 2005. The author was impressed that the two women wanted to discuss strategies for change in the midst of their discouragement, but even as she clung to their positive insights, the pain in their voices as they discussed enduring obstacles was unmistakable.
... The more we under-stand about gender as a key element in each human subject, the more we will... more ... The more we under-stand about gender as a key element in each human subject, the more we will understand about literary forms and literary and critical imaginations. ... "Archimedes and the Paradox of Feminist Criticism." Feminist Theory: A Critique of ... Showalter, Elaine. ...
... Most importantly, the novels also distinguish between the function of language for males and ... more ... Most importantly, the novels also distinguish between the function of language for males and females within the dialect group, particularly in connection with female repression andsilence. ... Page 5. GENDER AND LANGUAGE 69 female memory. ...
Foreword - Elsie R Shore Career Women in Perspective - Nancy McCarthy Snyder The Wichita Sample &... more Foreword - Elsie R Shore Career Women in Perspective - Nancy McCarthy Snyder The Wichita Sample 'We're All in This Alone' - Sally L Kitch Career Women's Attitudes Toward Feminism Choosing the High Tech Path - Nancy A Brooks Career Women and Technology Mentor - Brooke B Collison Career Women and Supervision Perceptions of Equity - Flo Hamrick Career Women and Discrimination Sharing Home Responsibilities - Wayne Carlisle Women and Dual-Career Marriages Career Women and Motherhood - Nancy McCarthy Snyder Child Care Dilemmas and Choices Career Women's Leisure - Marcia L McCoy Challenges and Realities Is Alcoholism the Cost of Equality - Elsie R Shore Leadership or Empowerment? Reframing Our Questions - Carol Wolfe Konek The Future of Women and Careers - Carole Wolfe Konek, Sally L Kitch, and Elsie R Shore Issues and Challenges
enly Sphere. Sister Alice had rescued the scroll from a pile of papers destined to be burned. Per... more enly Sphere. Sister Alice had rescued the scroll from a pile of papers destined to be burned. Perhaps believing with other Shakers that such visual expressions of spiritual communication might be misunderstood by the outside world, and knowing well that Shaker policies prohibited the display of pictures on the walls, she had kept it hidden until the Andrewses' visit inspired her to reveal its existence. Since that evening, scores of similar drawings have been revealed. In addition to the Andrewses' book about them, Visions of the Heavenly Sphere (1969), at least three others that describe, catalogue, reproduce, and discuss the drawings have been published, and dates and artists' names have been assigned to them where possible. Based on the list of 192 known works, Shaker scholar Daniel Patterson estimates that as many as 1,316 drawings may have been executed between 1841 and i859. Of the known drawings, 154 were created at New Lebanon, New York, 20 were produced at Hancock, Massachusetts, and the remainder were done at three other communities--Watervliet, New York; Canterbury, New Hampshire; and North Union, Ohio.2 Patterson identifies them as "gift" rather than "spiritual" or "inspirational" drawings, arguing that the Shakers disparaged automatic spiritualism. He also notes that recent usage of the word inspirational has given it a pedestrian meaning that contrasts sharply with the nineteenth-century Shaker understanding of the term as "total selfconsecration." Andrews, who initially called the
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