COLE S. (1989) Expenditure lags in impact analysis, Reg. Studies23, 105–116. The paper presents a... more COLE S. (1989) Expenditure lags in impact analysis, Reg. Studies23, 105–116. The paper presents a method for calculating the short and medium term regional economic impact of plant closures, taking into account expenditure lags. The method is a straightforward modification of the generalized Leontief inverse approach for determining income and employment multipliers. An approximation is given which maintains the relative
ABSTRACT This paper describes the goals and development of a rural tourism Studio for Masters-lev... more ABSTRACT This paper describes the goals and development of a rural tourism Studio for Masters-level students in the Southern Tier of Western New York over the last decade. The main goal of the Studios has been to explore how tourism may be used to promote general economic development in a relatively impoverished rural area and so help to improve living conditions, including housing. The studio experience is considered to be an important part of the preparation for a career in planning. Studios almost always enter into, and attempt to contribute to, an ongoing planning and development process and are undertaken with the cooperation of local communities and agencies. The paper describes the background of students, their disciplinary skills and work experience, ethnic, age and geographic mix, and general unfamiliarity with rural issues. Also described are the various constraints and compromises with respect to course requirements and schedules, location, local participation and engaging communities. The paper illustrates some of the housing-related findings and recommendations—recreational and second homes, low-income properties, retirement and mobile homes—and concludes with an evaluation of the Studio overall including its limitations and suggestions for a continuing “planning-bus”approach to University-community collaboration.
ABSTRACT Discussion of agglomeration and clustering in the tourist area life cycle (TALC) literat... more ABSTRACT Discussion of agglomeration and clustering in the tourist area life cycle (TALC) literature has not led to a corresponding change of the principal equation used to formalize the model. This paper proposes a modification that accounts for the synergies between the accommodation, entertainment, and other components of a tourist destination. The modified model is contrasted with the original TALC and estimated for a cross-section of Caribbean and other island destinations. Estimations based on visitor expenditures and experts' evaluations of destination authenticity are compared. The results illustrate how parameters representing synergy and congestion vary across tourism styles and time. The implications for destination growth are illustrated by comparing the solution to the proposed model with the TALC. The model exposes a core dilemma that while destinations should realize positive synergies to achieve self-sustaining growth, with this threshold achieved, the resulting pace of investment may drive destinations to overshoot, and uneven growth.
In estimating the cost of closure of a firm it is important to take into account all downstream t... more In estimating the cost of closure of a firm it is important to take into account all downstream tax and welfare costs. Use must be made of recipient specific expenditures and multipliers in calculating the direct and indirect impacts. In addition, the origin of the subsidy and the manner in which the grant is given must be taken into account.
The island of Aruba is taken as an example for the historical dimension of an evolving culture an... more The island of Aruba is taken as an example for the historical dimension of an evolving culture and cultural dialogue. Four significant groups can be identified in Aruba: the Aruban “Indians,” the Spanish, the Dutch, and the Americans, the last three as a dominating culture. The discussion starts with prehistory, going to the colonial age with the Spanish and Dutch
COLE S. (1989) Expenditure lags in impact analysis, Reg. Studies23, 105–116. The paper presents a... more COLE S. (1989) Expenditure lags in impact analysis, Reg. Studies23, 105–116. The paper presents a method for calculating the short and medium term regional economic impact of plant closures, taking into account expenditure lags. The method is a straightforward modification of the generalized Leontief inverse approach for determining income and employment multipliers. An approximation is given which maintains the relative
ABSTRACT This paper describes the goals and development of a rural tourism Studio for Masters-lev... more ABSTRACT This paper describes the goals and development of a rural tourism Studio for Masters-level students in the Southern Tier of Western New York over the last decade. The main goal of the Studios has been to explore how tourism may be used to promote general economic development in a relatively impoverished rural area and so help to improve living conditions, including housing. The studio experience is considered to be an important part of the preparation for a career in planning. Studios almost always enter into, and attempt to contribute to, an ongoing planning and development process and are undertaken with the cooperation of local communities and agencies. The paper describes the background of students, their disciplinary skills and work experience, ethnic, age and geographic mix, and general unfamiliarity with rural issues. Also described are the various constraints and compromises with respect to course requirements and schedules, location, local participation and engaging communities. The paper illustrates some of the housing-related findings and recommendations—recreational and second homes, low-income properties, retirement and mobile homes—and concludes with an evaluation of the Studio overall including its limitations and suggestions for a continuing “planning-bus”approach to University-community collaboration.
ABSTRACT Discussion of agglomeration and clustering in the tourist area life cycle (TALC) literat... more ABSTRACT Discussion of agglomeration and clustering in the tourist area life cycle (TALC) literature has not led to a corresponding change of the principal equation used to formalize the model. This paper proposes a modification that accounts for the synergies between the accommodation, entertainment, and other components of a tourist destination. The modified model is contrasted with the original TALC and estimated for a cross-section of Caribbean and other island destinations. Estimations based on visitor expenditures and experts' evaluations of destination authenticity are compared. The results illustrate how parameters representing synergy and congestion vary across tourism styles and time. The implications for destination growth are illustrated by comparing the solution to the proposed model with the TALC. The model exposes a core dilemma that while destinations should realize positive synergies to achieve self-sustaining growth, with this threshold achieved, the resulting pace of investment may drive destinations to overshoot, and uneven growth.
In estimating the cost of closure of a firm it is important to take into account all downstream t... more In estimating the cost of closure of a firm it is important to take into account all downstream tax and welfare costs. Use must be made of recipient specific expenditures and multipliers in calculating the direct and indirect impacts. In addition, the origin of the subsidy and the manner in which the grant is given must be taken into account.
The island of Aruba is taken as an example for the historical dimension of an evolving culture an... more The island of Aruba is taken as an example for the historical dimension of an evolving culture and cultural dialogue. Four significant groups can be identified in Aruba: the Aruban “Indians,” the Spanish, the Dutch, and the Americans, the last three as a dominating culture. The discussion starts with prehistory, going to the colonial age with the Spanish and Dutch
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