Background Antimicrobial resistance is a public health problem of global concern and there is a h... more Background Antimicrobial resistance is a public health problem of global concern and there is a high turnover of antibiotics developing resistance when compared with new drugs being developed. Therefore, there is a need to develop multifunctional systems that protect and potentiate the current drug on the market. Herein, we present novel dual pH/enzyme-responsive capsules for ciprofloxacin free base (CFB) delivery against MRSA and P. aeruginosa. Methods Nano capsules preparation was carried out using the interfacial deposition method and was characterized for their physicochemical properties, as well as binding activities to HAase, and in vitro antibacterial properties. The preliminary biocompatibility was also evaluated via MTT assay. Results The cytotoxicity results revealed the viability of the MCF-7 celines to be above 75% after exposure to the prepared capsules, therefore indicating its biosafety. Capsules had hydrodynamic diameter (DH), polydispersity index (PDI) and a surface...
More than 1,000,000 units of lyophilized plasma have been used in France, Germany, and South Afri... more More than 1,000,000 units of lyophilized plasma have been used in France, Germany, and South Africa. Recently, numerous other countries have adopted lyophilized plasma for patients with severe bleeding in prehospital and austere settings.
Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2019
Abstract The present study is aimed at the employment of novel fatty acid derived lipids for the ... more Abstract The present study is aimed at the employment of novel fatty acid derived lipids for the preparation of pH-responsive nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for vancomycin (VCM) intravenous delivery against resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Two branched lipids [stearic acid derived solid lipid and oleic acid derived liquid lipid] were synthesized, characterized and used to fabricate NLCs by hot homogenization technique. Particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency were 225.2 ± 9.1 nm, 0.258 ± 0.02, −9.2 ± 2.7 mV and 88.7 ± 13.12%, respectively. An understanding of drug encapsulation efficiencies and formation of the NLCs were supported by in silico studies. In vitro antibacterial activity revealed that VCM loaded-NLCs had higher activity against methicillin-susceptible and resistant Staphylococcus aureus than the bare VCM. Cell viability study showed that NLCs had 2.5-fold better killing percentage than the bare drug at similar concentrations. Furthermore, the in vivo efficacy of VCM loaded-NLCs was assessed in a mouse model of MRSA skin infection. MRSA CFU load of the skin treated with NLCs was 37-fold lower than bare VCM (p
Background Informed consent is an essential prerequisite for enrolling patients into a study. Obt... more Background Informed consent is an essential prerequisite for enrolling patients into a study. Obtaining informed consent in an emergency is complex and often impossible. Delayed consent has been suggested for emergency care research. This study aims to determine the acceptability of prehospital emergency care research with delayed consent in the Western Cape community of South Africa. Methods This study was an online survey of a stratified, representative sample of community members in the Western Cape province of South Africa. We calculated a powered sample size to be 385, and a stratified sampling method was employed. The survey was based on similar studies and piloted. Data were analysed descriptively. Results A total of 807 surveys were returned. Most respondents felt that enrolment into prehospital research would be acceptable if it offered direct benefit to them (n = 455; 68%) or if their condition was life-threatening and the research would identify improved treatment for fut...
Background Antimicrobial resistance is a public health problem of global concern and there is a h... more Background Antimicrobial resistance is a public health problem of global concern and there is a high turnover of antibiotics developing resistance when compared with new drugs being developed. Therefore, there is a need to develop multifunctional systems that protect and potentiate the current drug on the market. Herein, we present novel dual pH/enzyme-responsive capsules for ciprofloxacin free base (CFB) delivery against MRSA and P. aeruginosa. Methods Nano capsules preparation was carried out using the interfacial deposition method and was characterized for their physicochemical properties, as well as binding activities to HAase, and in vitro antibacterial properties. The preliminary biocompatibility was also evaluated via MTT assay. Results The cytotoxicity results revealed the viability of the MCF-7 celines to be above 75% after exposure to the prepared capsules, therefore indicating its biosafety. Capsules had hydrodynamic diameter (DH), polydispersity index (PDI) and a surface...
More than 1,000,000 units of lyophilized plasma have been used in France, Germany, and South Afri... more More than 1,000,000 units of lyophilized plasma have been used in France, Germany, and South Africa. Recently, numerous other countries have adopted lyophilized plasma for patients with severe bleeding in prehospital and austere settings.
Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2019
Abstract The present study is aimed at the employment of novel fatty acid derived lipids for the ... more Abstract The present study is aimed at the employment of novel fatty acid derived lipids for the preparation of pH-responsive nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for vancomycin (VCM) intravenous delivery against resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Two branched lipids [stearic acid derived solid lipid and oleic acid derived liquid lipid] were synthesized, characterized and used to fabricate NLCs by hot homogenization technique. Particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency were 225.2 ± 9.1 nm, 0.258 ± 0.02, −9.2 ± 2.7 mV and 88.7 ± 13.12%, respectively. An understanding of drug encapsulation efficiencies and formation of the NLCs were supported by in silico studies. In vitro antibacterial activity revealed that VCM loaded-NLCs had higher activity against methicillin-susceptible and resistant Staphylococcus aureus than the bare VCM. Cell viability study showed that NLCs had 2.5-fold better killing percentage than the bare drug at similar concentrations. Furthermore, the in vivo efficacy of VCM loaded-NLCs was assessed in a mouse model of MRSA skin infection. MRSA CFU load of the skin treated with NLCs was 37-fold lower than bare VCM (p
Background Informed consent is an essential prerequisite for enrolling patients into a study. Obt... more Background Informed consent is an essential prerequisite for enrolling patients into a study. Obtaining informed consent in an emergency is complex and often impossible. Delayed consent has been suggested for emergency care research. This study aims to determine the acceptability of prehospital emergency care research with delayed consent in the Western Cape community of South Africa. Methods This study was an online survey of a stratified, representative sample of community members in the Western Cape province of South Africa. We calculated a powered sample size to be 385, and a stratified sampling method was employed. The survey was based on similar studies and piloted. Data were analysed descriptively. Results A total of 807 surveys were returned. Most respondents felt that enrolment into prehospital research would be acceptable if it offered direct benefit to them (n = 455; 68%) or if their condition was life-threatening and the research would identify improved treatment for fut...
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