Guided missiles are space-vehicles carrying war-heads. Three attitudesthe roll, pitch and yaw hav... more Guided missiles are space-vehicles carrying war-heads. Three attitudesthe roll, pitch and yaw have to be continuously controlled in a space flight. This is done by using automatic control systems. The design procedure for roll attitude control of a guided missile is the subject of the paper. This is extremely important for following proper trajectory and hitting the target. Two designs have been advanced. In the first design, there is no constraint on velocity error. The design has been optimized by simultaneous variation of forward path gain and the rate feedback. In the second design, the velocity error has been specified. It has been optimized by simultaneous variation of the rate feedback and the parameters of a lead compensator.
− Modern ships, as different from the older designs, are equipped with automatic control systems ... more − Modern ships, as different from the older designs, are equipped with automatic control systems employing feedback, backed up with instrumentation, communication and protective schemes. The requirements of the control system for desired operation are stringent and very often conflicting. For example, if steady state accuracy requirements are satisfied, the control fails to satisfy the transient specs. Also, it is extremely difficult to keep adequate stability margins. The specs can only be satisfied by the insertion of a properly designed compensator. The paper deals with the design methodology of such a compensator to match the control specifications of a hydrofoil ship. The compensator has been initially designed by a self-made programme but it has not fulfilled all the specs. Therefore recourse has been made to SISOTOOL of MATLAB. By iterative procedure, it has been able to satisfy the design requirements.
Grounding reactors are protective devices used in power syst em. Solid grounding was the earlier ... more Grounding reactors are protective devices used in power syst em. Solid grounding was the earlier practice. It gave rise to high current to earth on occurrence of a fault . Later developments were intended for reducing the fault current under sustained fault condition. The arc suppressi on coil, also called Peterson coil is a particular form of grounding reactor which forms a resonating circuit w ith the line capacitance on occurrence of a singleline-to-ground fault. The variable reactor is tuned for r esonance. This equipment drastically reduces the fault current- even power may be catered for some time under t he condition of fault from the healthy lines. Air-core dry-type reactors do not utilize an oil insulation system. They are friendly with the environment and there are no fire hazard concerns. Furthermore, air-core dry-type reac tors are essentially maintenance-free. The paper presents the design methodology of such arc-suppression coils, l eading towards optimization.
E-mail: ansanyal@yahoo.co.in 2Post Graduate Student, West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkat... more E-mail: ansanyal@yahoo.co.in 2Post Graduate Student, West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India E-mail:archiehainna@gmail.com 3Research Scholar, Electrical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India, E-mail: basak.raju@yahoo.com 4Professor in the Department of Electronics Engineering, Durgapur institute of Advance Technology and Management, Durgapur, India, E-mail:sourish2007_may@yahoo.co.in 5Subhasree Chatterjee, Electrical Engineering, Abacus Institute of Engineering & Management, West Bengal, India E-mail:subhasreechatterjee94@gmail.com 6Dipayan Biswas, Power Plant Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal India E-mail:dipayanbiswas01@gmail.com *Corresponding Author: basak.raju@yahoo.com
There are three important variables for a rocket moving through air and then through space. These... more There are three important variables for a rocket moving through air and then through space. These are its yaw, pitch and roll. These variables are to be precisely controlled in order to reach the target and produce the desired effect. The paper deals with pitch attitude control of a booster rocket for launching a spaceship. Starting from its block diagram, the mathematical model has been developed and the analytical treatment has been made by indigenously made computer program and also by using MATLAB-tools for getting the desired results. Fulfillment of the specifications could be made suitably choosing the forward path gain and the coefficient of rate feedback. Keywords-Feedback, Overshoot, Phase margin,Pitch attitude, Rocket
It is required to keep the ambient temperature within a space-ship at air-conditioned values. Thi... more It is required to keep the ambient temperature within a space-ship at air-conditioned values. This requirement is to be fulfilled while the vehicle moves in free space. The paper presents the scheme of a compensated digital control system which governs the flow of hot oil in the space ship to regulate the ambient temperature. The loss of heat is compensated by on-off control of current flowing through resistance elements in the oil-bath. The current is created by storage batteries fed from solar cells. The design has been made to fulfill all the design specification, using digital compensators. The process delay has been included in the study. MATLAB-tools have been used for improvement of the design.
− A motorcycle and a rider may be modeled as an automatic control system. The eyes of the rider a... more − A motorcycle and a rider may be modeled as an automatic control system. The eyes of the rider act as the sensor to gather information about the world map around him. This information is carried by the sensory nerves to the brain acting as the central processing unit. The signal is processed here and fed back to the hands and legs which exercise the steering, starting, braking and other control functions. In this paper, a motor cycle and a rider combination has been mathematically modeled. The experience of the rider has been taken into consideration by inserting a zero of variable location in the transfer function. The system gain has been adjusted with reference to the root locus to get acceptably good performance in steering control. Both time-domain and frequency-domain analysis have been made using MATLAB7.1 and the results have been displayed.
The distribution system starts from the distribution substation and ends at the consumer end. It ... more The distribution system starts from the distribution substation and ends at the consumer end. It is divided into primary (at relatively high voltage), secondary (at medium voltage) and tertiary (at 400/230 V 3phase/1 phase). Distribution at h igh volt age is essentially meant fo r bulk consumers or transfer of power from one place to another for convenience of distribution. In primary and secondary distribution, feeders are used to cater large power from a primary distribution substation to large industrial consumers or to secondary/tertiary subs tations. In the tertiary stage, distributors are used to cater power to individual consumers from the distribution poles (or tapping points for underground distribution in densely populated urban places). The distributors are tapped at several points. The system may be rad ial with branches and sub-branches or ring-main. The solution of radial lines is simple but computer iterations are necessary for the same. In this paper an attempt has b...
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2018
Ships are subject to high energy wave disturbances from time to time during sea voyages. Large hy... more Ships are subject to high energy wave disturbances from time to time during sea voyages. Large hydrofoil sea-crafts are designed to move at a high speed stably in presence of such wave disturbances. These sea crafts are equipped with automatic control systems to navigate automatically. The control system is to have transducers to sense the motion and send appropriate signals to actuators. The stabilizing circuit is to be properly designed conforming to the design specifications both in time and frequency domain. The paper addresses this problem and gives the design procedure, by solving the pertinent equations and making use of MATLAB tools.
his paper presents an exclusive design of EMI-RFI suppressor for Modified Half Bridge inverter ba... more his paper presents an exclusive design of EMI-RFI suppressor for Modified Half Bridge inverter based induction heating equipment. With the growing use of high frequency inverter in induction heating equipment, the problem of injected harmonics to the input side becomes critical. A low pass a filter is incorporated between the inverter and the power supply network for reduction of this harmonics. The design of low pass filter is according to the harmonics standards that determine the level of current harmonics injected into the supply side. To reduce the radiated and conducted interference from electronic equipment to sensible level a low pass filter is employed. The input filter of the switching power supply is matched with the power supply when associated with passive loads. The characteristics and suppression may significantly change when used to power active high frequency electronic circuits. Some methods are suggested by the authors to reduce the interference problem for the ap...
Modern aeroplanes are generally equipped with autopilots for greater reliability and flexibility ... more Modern aeroplanes are generally equipped with autopilots for greater reliability and flexibility and trouble-free operation. Closed loop systems are incorporated to control the attitude of the plane. Manual control by the pilot is kept in addition for man-machine interfacing. The control has to be exercised on the Euler angles of flight- the roll, pitch and yaw. The design is made by separating the roll from pitch and yaw as an approximation. The desired attitude is obtained by controlling three surfaces of the airplane- the ailerons, elevators, and rudder. It is difficult to design the control system as the specifications are very stringent and in many cases they are controversial. The forward path gain must be high to reduce the steady state error which tends to make the system oscillatory and unstable in many cases. Integral feedback eliminates the steady state error but it makes the system oscillatory. Rate feedback is added to increase the damping but it tends to make the respo...
The field current of a synchronous generator has to be continuously monitored and adjusted to kee... more The field current of a synchronous generator has to be continuously monitored and adjusted to keep its terminal voltage constant as the load changes continuously in magnitude and phase. This task is performed by exciter control. It also takes part in equitably distributing reactive power between the generators operating in parallel and in protective functions like field-forcing. Initially the excitation control was manual. It was soon replaced by automatic control. The automatic control system has gone through many changes through decades. The paper focuses on the varying excitation required for various load conditions and on the evolution of exciter systems of modern alternator.
Guided missiles are space-vehicles carrying war-heads. Three attitudesthe roll, pitch and yaw hav... more Guided missiles are space-vehicles carrying war-heads. Three attitudesthe roll, pitch and yaw have to be continuously controlled in a space flight. This is done by using automatic control systems. The design procedure for roll attitude control of a guided missile is the subject of the paper. This is extremely important for following proper trajectory and hitting the target. Two designs have been advanced. In the first design, there is no constraint on velocity error. The design has been optimized by simultaneous variation of forward path gain and the rate feedback. In the second design, the velocity error has been specified. It has been optimized by simultaneous variation of the rate feedback and the parameters of a lead compensator.
− Modern ships, as different from the older designs, are equipped with automatic control systems ... more − Modern ships, as different from the older designs, are equipped with automatic control systems employing feedback, backed up with instrumentation, communication and protective schemes. The requirements of the control system for desired operation are stringent and very often conflicting. For example, if steady state accuracy requirements are satisfied, the control fails to satisfy the transient specs. Also, it is extremely difficult to keep adequate stability margins. The specs can only be satisfied by the insertion of a properly designed compensator. The paper deals with the design methodology of such a compensator to match the control specifications of a hydrofoil ship. The compensator has been initially designed by a self-made programme but it has not fulfilled all the specs. Therefore recourse has been made to SISOTOOL of MATLAB. By iterative procedure, it has been able to satisfy the design requirements.
Grounding reactors are protective devices used in power syst em. Solid grounding was the earlier ... more Grounding reactors are protective devices used in power syst em. Solid grounding was the earlier practice. It gave rise to high current to earth on occurrence of a fault . Later developments were intended for reducing the fault current under sustained fault condition. The arc suppressi on coil, also called Peterson coil is a particular form of grounding reactor which forms a resonating circuit w ith the line capacitance on occurrence of a singleline-to-ground fault. The variable reactor is tuned for r esonance. This equipment drastically reduces the fault current- even power may be catered for some time under t he condition of fault from the healthy lines. Air-core dry-type reactors do not utilize an oil insulation system. They are friendly with the environment and there are no fire hazard concerns. Furthermore, air-core dry-type reac tors are essentially maintenance-free. The paper presents the design methodology of such arc-suppression coils, l eading towards optimization.
E-mail: ansanyal@yahoo.co.in 2Post Graduate Student, West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkat... more E-mail: ansanyal@yahoo.co.in 2Post Graduate Student, West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India E-mail:archiehainna@gmail.com 3Research Scholar, Electrical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India, E-mail: basak.raju@yahoo.com 4Professor in the Department of Electronics Engineering, Durgapur institute of Advance Technology and Management, Durgapur, India, E-mail:sourish2007_may@yahoo.co.in 5Subhasree Chatterjee, Electrical Engineering, Abacus Institute of Engineering & Management, West Bengal, India E-mail:subhasreechatterjee94@gmail.com 6Dipayan Biswas, Power Plant Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal India E-mail:dipayanbiswas01@gmail.com *Corresponding Author: basak.raju@yahoo.com
There are three important variables for a rocket moving through air and then through space. These... more There are three important variables for a rocket moving through air and then through space. These are its yaw, pitch and roll. These variables are to be precisely controlled in order to reach the target and produce the desired effect. The paper deals with pitch attitude control of a booster rocket for launching a spaceship. Starting from its block diagram, the mathematical model has been developed and the analytical treatment has been made by indigenously made computer program and also by using MATLAB-tools for getting the desired results. Fulfillment of the specifications could be made suitably choosing the forward path gain and the coefficient of rate feedback. Keywords-Feedback, Overshoot, Phase margin,Pitch attitude, Rocket
It is required to keep the ambient temperature within a space-ship at air-conditioned values. Thi... more It is required to keep the ambient temperature within a space-ship at air-conditioned values. This requirement is to be fulfilled while the vehicle moves in free space. The paper presents the scheme of a compensated digital control system which governs the flow of hot oil in the space ship to regulate the ambient temperature. The loss of heat is compensated by on-off control of current flowing through resistance elements in the oil-bath. The current is created by storage batteries fed from solar cells. The design has been made to fulfill all the design specification, using digital compensators. The process delay has been included in the study. MATLAB-tools have been used for improvement of the design.
− A motorcycle and a rider may be modeled as an automatic control system. The eyes of the rider a... more − A motorcycle and a rider may be modeled as an automatic control system. The eyes of the rider act as the sensor to gather information about the world map around him. This information is carried by the sensory nerves to the brain acting as the central processing unit. The signal is processed here and fed back to the hands and legs which exercise the steering, starting, braking and other control functions. In this paper, a motor cycle and a rider combination has been mathematically modeled. The experience of the rider has been taken into consideration by inserting a zero of variable location in the transfer function. The system gain has been adjusted with reference to the root locus to get acceptably good performance in steering control. Both time-domain and frequency-domain analysis have been made using MATLAB7.1 and the results have been displayed.
The distribution system starts from the distribution substation and ends at the consumer end. It ... more The distribution system starts from the distribution substation and ends at the consumer end. It is divided into primary (at relatively high voltage), secondary (at medium voltage) and tertiary (at 400/230 V 3phase/1 phase). Distribution at h igh volt age is essentially meant fo r bulk consumers or transfer of power from one place to another for convenience of distribution. In primary and secondary distribution, feeders are used to cater large power from a primary distribution substation to large industrial consumers or to secondary/tertiary subs tations. In the tertiary stage, distributors are used to cater power to individual consumers from the distribution poles (or tapping points for underground distribution in densely populated urban places). The distributors are tapped at several points. The system may be rad ial with branches and sub-branches or ring-main. The solution of radial lines is simple but computer iterations are necessary for the same. In this paper an attempt has b...
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2018
Ships are subject to high energy wave disturbances from time to time during sea voyages. Large hy... more Ships are subject to high energy wave disturbances from time to time during sea voyages. Large hydrofoil sea-crafts are designed to move at a high speed stably in presence of such wave disturbances. These sea crafts are equipped with automatic control systems to navigate automatically. The control system is to have transducers to sense the motion and send appropriate signals to actuators. The stabilizing circuit is to be properly designed conforming to the design specifications both in time and frequency domain. The paper addresses this problem and gives the design procedure, by solving the pertinent equations and making use of MATLAB tools.
his paper presents an exclusive design of EMI-RFI suppressor for Modified Half Bridge inverter ba... more his paper presents an exclusive design of EMI-RFI suppressor for Modified Half Bridge inverter based induction heating equipment. With the growing use of high frequency inverter in induction heating equipment, the problem of injected harmonics to the input side becomes critical. A low pass a filter is incorporated between the inverter and the power supply network for reduction of this harmonics. The design of low pass filter is according to the harmonics standards that determine the level of current harmonics injected into the supply side. To reduce the radiated and conducted interference from electronic equipment to sensible level a low pass filter is employed. The input filter of the switching power supply is matched with the power supply when associated with passive loads. The characteristics and suppression may significantly change when used to power active high frequency electronic circuits. Some methods are suggested by the authors to reduce the interference problem for the ap...
Modern aeroplanes are generally equipped with autopilots for greater reliability and flexibility ... more Modern aeroplanes are generally equipped with autopilots for greater reliability and flexibility and trouble-free operation. Closed loop systems are incorporated to control the attitude of the plane. Manual control by the pilot is kept in addition for man-machine interfacing. The control has to be exercised on the Euler angles of flight- the roll, pitch and yaw. The design is made by separating the roll from pitch and yaw as an approximation. The desired attitude is obtained by controlling three surfaces of the airplane- the ailerons, elevators, and rudder. It is difficult to design the control system as the specifications are very stringent and in many cases they are controversial. The forward path gain must be high to reduce the steady state error which tends to make the system oscillatory and unstable in many cases. Integral feedback eliminates the steady state error but it makes the system oscillatory. Rate feedback is added to increase the damping but it tends to make the respo...
The field current of a synchronous generator has to be continuously monitored and adjusted to kee... more The field current of a synchronous generator has to be continuously monitored and adjusted to keep its terminal voltage constant as the load changes continuously in magnitude and phase. This task is performed by exciter control. It also takes part in equitably distributing reactive power between the generators operating in parallel and in protective functions like field-forcing. Initially the excitation control was manual. It was soon replaced by automatic control. The automatic control system has gone through many changes through decades. The paper focuses on the varying excitation required for various load conditions and on the evolution of exciter systems of modern alternator.
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