African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 2015
Volunteer tourists have become a critical human resource for many organisations in South Africa. ... more Volunteer tourists have become a critical human resource for many organisations in South Africa. Understanding who the volunteer tourist is as well as how a host organisation benefits from this interaction is imperative for the effective management of this human resource. A review of the current literature showed that most volunteer tourism research studies is volunteer tourist- centred and focus on the motivations for participation and the benefits of participation to the volunteer tourist. Within the South African context, only two volunteer tourist profile studies exist and both excluded host organisation factors that indicated how host organisations benefited from hosting volunteer tourists. This paper created a comprehensive profile of volunteer tourists at a non-profit seabird rehabilitation centre in Table View, Western Cape, South Africa. The profile included demographic and motivational factors as well as host organisation specificinformation that provided valuable informat...
African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 2003
The objective of this study was to determine if the wearing of a prophylactic knee brace by uninj... more The objective of this study was to determine if the wearing of a prophylactic knee brace by uninjured rugby players affected the following performance based parameters: speed, agility, strength, proprioception and economy of running. Thirty rugby players were subjected to a selected number of carefully monitored performance tests, with and without the wearing of a prophylactic knee brace. Testing took place on the rugby field at Mick Kelly Park, Empangeni and in the Biokinetics laboratory at the University of Zululand. Performance in speed, agility (which includes other rugby skills) and economy of running were all significantly (p (Af. J. for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance: 2003 9 (1): 40-51)
There appears to be a common consensus within the exercise and sporting fraternity that prior to ... more There appears to be a common consensus within the exercise and sporting fraternity that prior to physical activity an individual should ‘warm up’ in order to lessen the risk of injury and optimise his or her performance. In this context, there is an alternative viewpoint that indicates that a ‘warm up’ may, in certain conditions, be counter productive, and that cooling down an individual prior to exercise may elicit better performance outcomes. A study into the warm-up phenomenon was undertaken to examine the effect of lower body pre-cooling on the duration of high intensity running performance when compared to a ‘normal’ or non pre-cooled protocol, and to evaluate individual responses in terms of Running Distance Achieved, Core temperature, Heart rate response and Ratings of Perceived Exertion. Three test protocols were performed by the participants based on the 20 m Multi-Stage-Fitness Test (20MSFT) (Leger et al., 1988). Test one involved the standard 20MSFT protocol to predict ae...
This paper seeks to align ‘volunteer tourism’ within the philosophical framework of utilitarianis... more This paper seeks to align ‘volunteer tourism’ within the philosophical framework of utilitarianism, with an emphasis on Africa. John Stuart Mill, author of the defining book, entitled ‘Utilitarianism’ asserts that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote human happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness (Mill, 1863). The key commonality between utilitarian theory and volunteer tourism is the premise that both are doctrines that emphasise social reform, and that good or happy consequences matter. Volunteer tourism can be an experience, which “might involve aiding or alleviating the material poverty of some groups in society, the restoration of certain environments or research into aspects of society or environment” (Wearing, 2011). In other words, it is a voluntary activity, which seeks to achieve good consequences, and furthermore that volunteer tourists have become a critical human resource for achieving ‘good’ for many organisations in Africa a...
Sport and leisure activities at altitude, including climbing, trekking and various snow sports, c... more Sport and leisure activities at altitude, including climbing, trekking and various snow sports, continue to grow in popularity. However, the increase of high altitude activities is associated with hypoxia and its consequences, namely acute mountain sickness (AMS), which can manifest in two life-threatening conditions, namely high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high altitude cerebral edema (HACE). The most common methods for dealing with the potential onset of AMS involve acclimatization strategies, such as ascending 500m or less a day, and ingesting prescribed prophylactic medication, which can have adverse side effects. The study focuses on the efficacy of the fynbos plant rooibos Aspalathus linearis to reduce and/or prevent AMS. Rooibos is a unique South African herbal product usually consumed as a tea and a dietary source of unique bio-active antioxidants. A case study was conducted involving eight climbers (mean age: 46.6± 11.2 years) who supplemented their diet with rooibo...
The objective of the study was to ascertain whether selected physiological responses and the perc... more The objective of the study was to ascertain whether selected physiological responses and the perception of effort varied during four different walk protocols where speed increased progressively 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 km.hr-1 (progressive treadmill walk (PTW); and progressive land walk (PLW); or where the participant adjusted to random changes of speed e.g. 6, 4, 7, 3, and 5 km.hr-1 during a randomized treadmill walk (RTW); and a randomized land walk (RLW). Mean stature and mass of the seven participants was 1.75m and 70kg respectively, with a mean body fat of 15%. Metabolic measures included heart rate, relative oxygen uptake, ventilation, respiration frequency, which increased in a linear fashion up to 6 km.hr-1, however at 7 km.hr-1 there was a significant increase in metabolic response notably during the PLW, and to a similar, although lesser extent in RLW, probably as a consequence of the loss of kinetic energy when turning at each cone in order to maintain the speed during each shuttle. Respiration frequency appeared to be a more sensitive indicator of physical exertion, exhibiting a rapid elevation at 6 km.hr-1. The perception of effort during each mode and at each speed was largely congruent during each walk protocol. Keywords: Walking, Ratings of Perceived Exertion, Metabolic, Progressive and Random
Objective. To investigate the effects of prophylactic knee bracing on proprioceptive performance ... more Objective. To investigate the effects of prophylactic knee bracing on proprioceptive performance among first division rugby union players during a 2-minute Wilknox Quad Time Logger balancing task. Design. Each subject performed a 2-minute balancing task on the Wilknox Quad Time Logger. Test order, left or right leg, and the sequence of brace or non-brace, were randomised. Subjects were placed on the balancing board and instructed to balance for 2 minutes. Subjects performed 6 trials. Two days elapsed between testing. Each testing day involved 2 trials, 1 trial with and 1 without the prophylactic knee brace. Settings. Testing took place at the biokinetics laboratory of the University of Zululand. Subjects. Thirty playing (not injured) male rugby players, aged 22 - 30 years, participating in the KwaZulu-Natal club championships (2000). Outcome measure. Performance was measured in terms of time that balance was lost in a dynamic balance test. Peak proprioception was the best balancing ...
African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 2015
Volunteer tourists have become a critical human resource for many organisations in South Africa. ... more Volunteer tourists have become a critical human resource for many organisations in South Africa. Understanding who the volunteer tourist is as well as how a host organisation benefits from this interaction is imperative for the effective management of this human resource. A review of the current literature showed that most volunteer tourism research studies is volunteer tourist- centred and focus on the motivations for participation and the benefits of participation to the volunteer tourist. Within the South African context, only two volunteer tourist profile studies exist and both excluded host organisation factors that indicated how host organisations benefited from hosting volunteer tourists. This paper created a comprehensive profile of volunteer tourists at a non-profit seabird rehabilitation centre in Table View, Western Cape, South Africa. The profile included demographic and motivational factors as well as host organisation specificinformation that provided valuable informat...
African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 2003
The objective of this study was to determine if the wearing of a prophylactic knee brace by uninj... more The objective of this study was to determine if the wearing of a prophylactic knee brace by uninjured rugby players affected the following performance based parameters: speed, agility, strength, proprioception and economy of running. Thirty rugby players were subjected to a selected number of carefully monitored performance tests, with and without the wearing of a prophylactic knee brace. Testing took place on the rugby field at Mick Kelly Park, Empangeni and in the Biokinetics laboratory at the University of Zululand. Performance in speed, agility (which includes other rugby skills) and economy of running were all significantly (p (Af. J. for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance: 2003 9 (1): 40-51)
There appears to be a common consensus within the exercise and sporting fraternity that prior to ... more There appears to be a common consensus within the exercise and sporting fraternity that prior to physical activity an individual should ‘warm up’ in order to lessen the risk of injury and optimise his or her performance. In this context, there is an alternative viewpoint that indicates that a ‘warm up’ may, in certain conditions, be counter productive, and that cooling down an individual prior to exercise may elicit better performance outcomes. A study into the warm-up phenomenon was undertaken to examine the effect of lower body pre-cooling on the duration of high intensity running performance when compared to a ‘normal’ or non pre-cooled protocol, and to evaluate individual responses in terms of Running Distance Achieved, Core temperature, Heart rate response and Ratings of Perceived Exertion. Three test protocols were performed by the participants based on the 20 m Multi-Stage-Fitness Test (20MSFT) (Leger et al., 1988). Test one involved the standard 20MSFT protocol to predict ae...
This paper seeks to align ‘volunteer tourism’ within the philosophical framework of utilitarianis... more This paper seeks to align ‘volunteer tourism’ within the philosophical framework of utilitarianism, with an emphasis on Africa. John Stuart Mill, author of the defining book, entitled ‘Utilitarianism’ asserts that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote human happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness (Mill, 1863). The key commonality between utilitarian theory and volunteer tourism is the premise that both are doctrines that emphasise social reform, and that good or happy consequences matter. Volunteer tourism can be an experience, which “might involve aiding or alleviating the material poverty of some groups in society, the restoration of certain environments or research into aspects of society or environment” (Wearing, 2011). In other words, it is a voluntary activity, which seeks to achieve good consequences, and furthermore that volunteer tourists have become a critical human resource for achieving ‘good’ for many organisations in Africa a...
Sport and leisure activities at altitude, including climbing, trekking and various snow sports, c... more Sport and leisure activities at altitude, including climbing, trekking and various snow sports, continue to grow in popularity. However, the increase of high altitude activities is associated with hypoxia and its consequences, namely acute mountain sickness (AMS), which can manifest in two life-threatening conditions, namely high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high altitude cerebral edema (HACE). The most common methods for dealing with the potential onset of AMS involve acclimatization strategies, such as ascending 500m or less a day, and ingesting prescribed prophylactic medication, which can have adverse side effects. The study focuses on the efficacy of the fynbos plant rooibos Aspalathus linearis to reduce and/or prevent AMS. Rooibos is a unique South African herbal product usually consumed as a tea and a dietary source of unique bio-active antioxidants. A case study was conducted involving eight climbers (mean age: 46.6± 11.2 years) who supplemented their diet with rooibo...
The objective of the study was to ascertain whether selected physiological responses and the perc... more The objective of the study was to ascertain whether selected physiological responses and the perception of effort varied during four different walk protocols where speed increased progressively 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 km.hr-1 (progressive treadmill walk (PTW); and progressive land walk (PLW); or where the participant adjusted to random changes of speed e.g. 6, 4, 7, 3, and 5 km.hr-1 during a randomized treadmill walk (RTW); and a randomized land walk (RLW). Mean stature and mass of the seven participants was 1.75m and 70kg respectively, with a mean body fat of 15%. Metabolic measures included heart rate, relative oxygen uptake, ventilation, respiration frequency, which increased in a linear fashion up to 6 km.hr-1, however at 7 km.hr-1 there was a significant increase in metabolic response notably during the PLW, and to a similar, although lesser extent in RLW, probably as a consequence of the loss of kinetic energy when turning at each cone in order to maintain the speed during each shuttle. Respiration frequency appeared to be a more sensitive indicator of physical exertion, exhibiting a rapid elevation at 6 km.hr-1. The perception of effort during each mode and at each speed was largely congruent during each walk protocol. Keywords: Walking, Ratings of Perceived Exertion, Metabolic, Progressive and Random
Objective. To investigate the effects of prophylactic knee bracing on proprioceptive performance ... more Objective. To investigate the effects of prophylactic knee bracing on proprioceptive performance among first division rugby union players during a 2-minute Wilknox Quad Time Logger balancing task. Design. Each subject performed a 2-minute balancing task on the Wilknox Quad Time Logger. Test order, left or right leg, and the sequence of brace or non-brace, were randomised. Subjects were placed on the balancing board and instructed to balance for 2 minutes. Subjects performed 6 trials. Two days elapsed between testing. Each testing day involved 2 trials, 1 trial with and 1 without the prophylactic knee brace. Settings. Testing took place at the biokinetics laboratory of the University of Zululand. Subjects. Thirty playing (not injured) male rugby players, aged 22 - 30 years, participating in the KwaZulu-Natal club championships (2000). Outcome measure. Performance was measured in terms of time that balance was lost in a dynamic balance test. Peak proprioception was the best balancing ...
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Papers by Simeon Davies