An important way in which employment hardship has come to be conceptualized and measured is as un... more An important way in which employment hardship has come to be conceptualized and measured is as underemployment. Underemployment goes beyond mere unemployment (being out of a job and looking for work), to include those who have given up looking for work, part-time workers whose employer(s) cannot give them full-time work, and the working poor. To provide needed background for the
This analysis extends prior research on labor market conditions and violent crime. Specifically, ... more This analysis extends prior research on labor market conditions and violent crime. Specifically, we elaborate on research demonstrating a link between poor labor market conditions and violence by directly measuring the associations between secondary sector work, low hour work, low pay work, and levels of violence across the metro-nonmetro divide. The results demonstrate that low paying work tends to be more similar to other forms of social disadvantage such as poverty and unemployment. In contrast, secondary sector work and low hour work are empirically distinct constructs. Consistent with prior research, multivariate analyses indicate that the pernicious effect of secondary sector work is relatively constant across metro and nonmetro areas. However, contrary to the logic articulated in previous studies, we find that an index of low hour and seasonal employment is actually associated with lower violent crime rates across the metro-nonmetro divide. This finding is consonant with the assertion that the availability of low hour and seasonal employment--work that is often viewed as less than optimal--provides downward pressure on crime rates because it structures ecological behavior patterns and enhances attachments to institutions cultivating conventional behavior.
This study examines the structural changes that occurred between 1990 and 2000 in the two poorest... more This study examines the structural changes that occurred between 1990 and 2000 in the two poorest regions in the United States—the Texas Borderland and the Lower Mississippi Delta—and analyzes the associations between these changes and the substantial reduction of poverty witnessed in these areas over the decade. Results show that both regions experienced noteworthy changes during the 1990s in the
... Dudley L. Poston Jr & Joachim Singelmann & Carlos Siordia & Tim Slack & Bruce... more ... Dudley L. Poston Jr & Joachim Singelmann & Carlos Siordia & Tim Slack & Bruce A. Robertson & Rogelio Saenz & Kayla Fontenot ... which results in the provision of more accurate and time-sensitive data than was the case with the decennial census (ACS 2006; Garcia 2008). ...
An important way in which employment hardship has come to be conceptualized and measured is as un... more An important way in which employment hardship has come to be conceptualized and measured is as underemployment. Underemployment goes beyond mere unemployment (being out of a job and looking for work), to include those who have given up looking for work, part-time workers whose employer(s) cannot give them full-time work, and the working poor. To provide needed background for the
This analysis extends prior research on labor market conditions and violent crime. Specifically, ... more This analysis extends prior research on labor market conditions and violent crime. Specifically, we elaborate on research demonstrating a link between poor labor market conditions and violence by directly measuring the associations between secondary sector work, low hour work, low pay work, and levels of violence across the metro-nonmetro divide. The results demonstrate that low paying work tends to be more similar to other forms of social disadvantage such as poverty and unemployment. In contrast, secondary sector work and low hour work are empirically distinct constructs. Consistent with prior research, multivariate analyses indicate that the pernicious effect of secondary sector work is relatively constant across metro and nonmetro areas. However, contrary to the logic articulated in previous studies, we find that an index of low hour and seasonal employment is actually associated with lower violent crime rates across the metro-nonmetro divide. This finding is consonant with the assertion that the availability of low hour and seasonal employment--work that is often viewed as less than optimal--provides downward pressure on crime rates because it structures ecological behavior patterns and enhances attachments to institutions cultivating conventional behavior.
This study examines the structural changes that occurred between 1990 and 2000 in the two poorest... more This study examines the structural changes that occurred between 1990 and 2000 in the two poorest regions in the United States—the Texas Borderland and the Lower Mississippi Delta—and analyzes the associations between these changes and the substantial reduction of poverty witnessed in these areas over the decade. Results show that both regions experienced noteworthy changes during the 1990s in the
... Dudley L. Poston Jr & Joachim Singelmann & Carlos Siordia & Tim Slack & Bruce... more ... Dudley L. Poston Jr & Joachim Singelmann & Carlos Siordia & Tim Slack & Bruce A. Robertson & Rogelio Saenz & Kayla Fontenot ... which results in the provision of more accurate and time-sensitive data than was the case with the decennial census (ACS 2006; Garcia 2008). ...
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