In natural environments, interaction between plant roots and microorganisms are common. These int... more In natural environments, interaction between plant roots and microorganisms are common. These interactions between microbial species and plants inhabited by them are being studied using various techniques. Metabolomics research based on mass spectrometric techniques is one of the crucial approaches that underpins system biology and relies on precision instrument analysis. In the last decade, this emerging field has received extensive attention. It provides a qualitative and quantitative approach for determining the mechanisms of symbiosis of bacteria and fungi with plants and also helps to elucidate the tolerance mechanisms of host plants against various abiotic stresses. However, this -omics application and its tools in plant–microbe interaction studies is still underutilized compared with genomic and transcriptomic methods. Therefore, it is crucial to bring this field forward to bear on the study of plant resistance and susceptibility. This review describes the current status of m...
Refractive surgeries are one of most commonly performed surgeries for correcting visual impairmen... more Refractive surgeries are one of most commonly performed surgeries for correcting visual impairment due to refractive errors. With the increase in demand for refractive surgeries, there is an enormous strain on the operating surgeon for delivering ideal outcomes i.e 20/20 visual acuity. Regression, under-correction and ectasia are the most dreaded complications post-refractive correction, for the surgeon as well as the patient. They have significant effects on the quantity of the vision and most importantly on the quality of life of the patient. With the advent of digital era and jobs requiring the eyes being glued to the screen for hours there has been a surge in the patients presenting with complaints of asthenopia, glare, halos, and difficulty in focusing; pointing towards diagnosis of non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies (NSBVA). NSBVA in a postrefractive surgery patient may masquerade as regression or under-correction. However, timely diagnosis of NSBVA in such patients would prevent the greater harm caused by wrongful re-correction. Home- and office-based vision therapy results in improvement in visual acuity in a large majority of these patients. This preferred practice pattern intends to guide the refractive surgeons to diagnose and treat the postrefractive surgery NSBVA following a case-based and algorithmic approach. It also emphasizes the inclusion of the binocular vision assessment as a part of the pre-operative workup for patients undergoing refractive procedures.
Dental Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 2021
Background: Periodontitis is an extension of inflammation to the supporting tissue of the tooth. ... more Background: Periodontitis is an extension of inflammation to the supporting tissue of the tooth. Prevalence varies worldwide with a higher prevalence in Asian countries and in India as reported. Literature reports that the sub-gingival microflora and the continuous latent endotoxemia originating from the periodontal pockets is a risk factor for the damage to vascular endothelial integrity, platelet function and blood coagulation leading to periodontal disease playing a role in etiopathogenesis of coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease. Aim: To study periodontitis and other risk factor that correlates with CAD among the adult urban population. Settings & Design: Clinic based case control study carried out in medicine and dental outpatient departments (OPD) of Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences & Research and associated HAH Centenary Hospital, New Delhi. Minimum sample size was calculated to be 140. A 1:3 case to control ratio was taken. Methods & Materials: Periodonta...
Coronavirus pandemic has strained the healthcare system with mortality and morbidity. A number of... more Coronavirus pandemic has strained the healthcare system with mortality and morbidity. A number of elective surgeries have come to standstill due to lockdown and movement restrictions. Refractive surgery being a purely elective procedure and quite a fresh subset of ophthalmology, there is a lack of unanimity as to what precautions should be followed to resume the practice of same. This article attempts to highlight simple guidelines in accordance with an expert panel, which can be followed by all those involved directly or indirectly in refractive surgery services while addressing safety of doctors, supporting staff as well as patients as a primary concern.
Soil salinity has a serious impact on plant growth and agricultural yield. Inoculation of crop pl... more Soil salinity has a serious impact on plant growth and agricultural yield. Inoculation of crop plants with fungal endophytes is a cost-effective way to improve salt tolerance. We used metabolomics to study how Trichoderma harzianum T-22 alleviates NaCl-induced stress in two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars, Gairdner and Vlamingh, with contrasting salinity tolerance. GC-MS was used to analyse polar metabolites and LC-MS to analyse lipids in roots during the early stages of interaction with Trichoderma. Inoculation reversed the severe effects of salt on root length in sensitive cv. Gairdner and, to a lesser extent, improved root growth in more tolerance cv. Vlamingh. Biochemical changes showed a similar pattern in inoculated roots after salt treatment. Sugars increased in both cultivars, with ribulose, ribose, and rhamnose specifically increased by inoculation. Salt stress caused large changes in lipids in roots but inoculation with fungus greatly reduced the extent of these chan...
Background: Immediate postpartum period is the most appropriate time for introducing contraceptio... more Background: Immediate postpartum period is the most appropriate time for introducing contraception as women are more pliable and highly motivated to adopt family planning methods. We assessed the safety and efficacy of post placental IUCD insertion (Cu- T 380A) immediately after delivery of placenta in women undergoing expected vaginal delivery or caesarean section and its compliance.Material and method: This prospective observational study was conducted for a period of (exact period of study) at a tertiary care institute in North India. Patients delivering at our hospital were recruited in the study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria after taking informed consent.Results: A total of 300 women were counselled over one year. Of these, 60% of women accepted PPIUCD. The majority of the PPIUCD acceptors were primigravida (61.7%), educated (86.1%), belonging to urban areas (61.7%), between 25 to 30 years (40.6%). The Follow-up rate was 93%, 90% and 81% at six weeks, three months, an...
In natural environments, interaction between plant roots and microorganisms are common. These int... more In natural environments, interaction between plant roots and microorganisms are common. These interactions between microbial species and plants inhabited by them are being studied using various techniques. Metabolomics research based on mass spectrometric techniques is one of the crucial approaches that underpins system biology and relies on precision instrument analysis. In the last decade, this emerging field has received extensive attention. It provides a qualitative and quantitative approach for determining the mechanisms of symbiosis of bacteria and fungi with plants and also helps to elucidate the tolerance mechanisms of host plants against various abiotic stresses. However, this -omics application and its tools in plant–microbe interaction studies is still underutilized compared with genomic and transcriptomic methods. Therefore, it is crucial to bring this field forward to bear on the study of plant resistance and susceptibility. This review describes the current status of m...
Refractive surgeries are one of most commonly performed surgeries for correcting visual impairmen... more Refractive surgeries are one of most commonly performed surgeries for correcting visual impairment due to refractive errors. With the increase in demand for refractive surgeries, there is an enormous strain on the operating surgeon for delivering ideal outcomes i.e 20/20 visual acuity. Regression, under-correction and ectasia are the most dreaded complications post-refractive correction, for the surgeon as well as the patient. They have significant effects on the quantity of the vision and most importantly on the quality of life of the patient. With the advent of digital era and jobs requiring the eyes being glued to the screen for hours there has been a surge in the patients presenting with complaints of asthenopia, glare, halos, and difficulty in focusing; pointing towards diagnosis of non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies (NSBVA). NSBVA in a postrefractive surgery patient may masquerade as regression or under-correction. However, timely diagnosis of NSBVA in such patients would prevent the greater harm caused by wrongful re-correction. Home- and office-based vision therapy results in improvement in visual acuity in a large majority of these patients. This preferred practice pattern intends to guide the refractive surgeons to diagnose and treat the postrefractive surgery NSBVA following a case-based and algorithmic approach. It also emphasizes the inclusion of the binocular vision assessment as a part of the pre-operative workup for patients undergoing refractive procedures.
Dental Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 2021
Background: Periodontitis is an extension of inflammation to the supporting tissue of the tooth. ... more Background: Periodontitis is an extension of inflammation to the supporting tissue of the tooth. Prevalence varies worldwide with a higher prevalence in Asian countries and in India as reported. Literature reports that the sub-gingival microflora and the continuous latent endotoxemia originating from the periodontal pockets is a risk factor for the damage to vascular endothelial integrity, platelet function and blood coagulation leading to periodontal disease playing a role in etiopathogenesis of coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease. Aim: To study periodontitis and other risk factor that correlates with CAD among the adult urban population. Settings & Design: Clinic based case control study carried out in medicine and dental outpatient departments (OPD) of Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences & Research and associated HAH Centenary Hospital, New Delhi. Minimum sample size was calculated to be 140. A 1:3 case to control ratio was taken. Methods & Materials: Periodonta...
Coronavirus pandemic has strained the healthcare system with mortality and morbidity. A number of... more Coronavirus pandemic has strained the healthcare system with mortality and morbidity. A number of elective surgeries have come to standstill due to lockdown and movement restrictions. Refractive surgery being a purely elective procedure and quite a fresh subset of ophthalmology, there is a lack of unanimity as to what precautions should be followed to resume the practice of same. This article attempts to highlight simple guidelines in accordance with an expert panel, which can be followed by all those involved directly or indirectly in refractive surgery services while addressing safety of doctors, supporting staff as well as patients as a primary concern.
Soil salinity has a serious impact on plant growth and agricultural yield. Inoculation of crop pl... more Soil salinity has a serious impact on plant growth and agricultural yield. Inoculation of crop plants with fungal endophytes is a cost-effective way to improve salt tolerance. We used metabolomics to study how Trichoderma harzianum T-22 alleviates NaCl-induced stress in two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars, Gairdner and Vlamingh, with contrasting salinity tolerance. GC-MS was used to analyse polar metabolites and LC-MS to analyse lipids in roots during the early stages of interaction with Trichoderma. Inoculation reversed the severe effects of salt on root length in sensitive cv. Gairdner and, to a lesser extent, improved root growth in more tolerance cv. Vlamingh. Biochemical changes showed a similar pattern in inoculated roots after salt treatment. Sugars increased in both cultivars, with ribulose, ribose, and rhamnose specifically increased by inoculation. Salt stress caused large changes in lipids in roots but inoculation with fungus greatly reduced the extent of these chan...
Background: Immediate postpartum period is the most appropriate time for introducing contraceptio... more Background: Immediate postpartum period is the most appropriate time for introducing contraception as women are more pliable and highly motivated to adopt family planning methods. We assessed the safety and efficacy of post placental IUCD insertion (Cu- T 380A) immediately after delivery of placenta in women undergoing expected vaginal delivery or caesarean section and its compliance.Material and method: This prospective observational study was conducted for a period of (exact period of study) at a tertiary care institute in North India. Patients delivering at our hospital were recruited in the study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria after taking informed consent.Results: A total of 300 women were counselled over one year. Of these, 60% of women accepted PPIUCD. The majority of the PPIUCD acceptors were primigravida (61.7%), educated (86.1%), belonging to urban areas (61.7%), between 25 to 30 years (40.6%). The Follow-up rate was 93%, 90% and 81% at six weeks, three months, an...
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