A Thesis submitted to the Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering in partial fulfi... more A Thesis submitted to the Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Climate Change and Land Use April, 2015
In Mali the management of rural area in the cotton belt has become more complex. It presents soci... more In Mali the management of rural area in the cotton belt has become more complex. It presents social, economic, ecological and cultural issues. Indeed, the increasing numbers of actors due to migration and population growth, as well as the emergence of new agricultural systems have created new dynamics in terms of companies and natural resources management. This work aimed at analysing the functioning of territories and actors through their social organisation and resource management strategies in the villages of Nafègué, Benguéné and Ziguéna. The methodology used was based on direct observation and qualitative surveys with several categories of actors identified using a diagnostic tools. The results show that the management of associations and cooperatives is identical in all the three villages. They are in principle independent from each other and have a freedom of action. However, there are mutual aid relations between the different associations. At village scale, land management ...
East African Journal of Environment and Natural Resources, 2021
The study analyses the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) dynamics as an important environmental fact... more The study analyses the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) dynamics as an important environmental factor and links it to migration trends towards the study area. The work uses data collected across two (2) villages, both located in the Dano watershed. Three sets of 30-m Landsat images were used to measure the changes in LULC types for the years 1986, 1999 and 2014. Cumulatively focus group discussion and household interview were employed for socio-economic data collection. Census data for the periods 1987, 1996 and 2006 were also collected from the national census reports. LULC analysis revealed that vegetation area was progressively converted into croplands with an annual rate of 0.92% during the period of study. Pearson correlation analysis between population and cropland on one hand and population and vegetation on the second hand revealed a high positive correlation between population size and cropland (r = 0.99), while there was a high negative correlation between population size an...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the appropriate technological treatments and the couple tim... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the appropriate technological treatments and the couple time / temperature optimizing the availability of nutrients in cowpea grains. White cowpea grains used were bought at Abobo (Abidjan) market. After germination and fermentation, these grains were heated to boiling for 1 hour (h) and 1h30 min at coal and gas fires and then crushed. The biochemical and nutritional profile was performed on the flour obtained. The results showed a significant difference on the parameters studied according to the treatment applied. The dry matter content of the flours was higher than 90%. The protein content was high on the flours from sprouted grains after cooking for 1 h on charcoal (Gfc2) and gas (Gfg2) fire with respective values of 18.31 ± 0.05% and 19, 83 ± 0.50%. On the other hand, the lipid content was less than 3%. The total carbohydrate content in all the flours is between 68 and 80 %. Fibers content varies between 23 and 31 %. Whatever the cooking met...
American Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2020
In Cote d'Ivoire, from leaves to seeds, cowpea were used in different forms for preparation o... more In Cote d'Ivoire, from leaves to seeds, cowpea were used in different forms for preparation of several dishes. For better valorization, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of morphological variability on the nutritional and technological characteristics of flours from cowpea seeds. The study was carried out on the red and white grains of cowpea collected at the market of Korhogo and Abidjan. After classification according to their size, shape and color, the grains were ground to obtain flour. The biochemical, nutritional and functional properties parameters were performed on the flours. The results showed high dry matter contents (> 85 %) in all flours whatever the color and size of grains. The red varieties flours, large and small size, were higher total carbohydrates contents (71.47% and 67.20%), and protein content (18.50 ± 0.23% and 13.33 ± 7.69%) than white varieties. In addition, the amino acid profile were dominated by methionine followed by threonine and lysine...
We investigated the physicochemical, functional properties and in vitro digestibility of cashew k... more We investigated the physicochemical, functional properties and in vitro digestibility of cashew kernel-based flour. Study was conducted on kernels of cashew nuts harvested from fields. Technological treatments have been applied to these kernels: cooking (100°C/30 min), roasting (120°C/20 min). Flours obtained after kernel grinding namely, FTA, FAC, FRA and FIA have been used for physicochemical, functional properties and digestibility analysis. Results showed that technological treatments had a significant influence on studied parameters. Protein contents of FTA (20.42 ± 0.50 %) and FAC (19.23 ± 0.02 %) are lower than those of FRA (21.85 ± 0.04 %). Total carbohydrate content showed the same trends. In addition, FAC showed the lowest lipid content. We established the decrease of sodium and zinc content in treated flour compared to raw flour: FTA (1.09 ± 0.23 % vs 1.20 ± 0.34 %), FAC (0.87 ± 0.12 % vs 1.20 ± 0.34 %), FIA (1.02 ± 0.30 % vs 1.20 ± 0.34 %) for sodium and FTA (0.80 ± 0.11...
Peanut (Arachis species) plants originated in South America where they have existed for thousands... more Peanut (Arachis species) plants originated in South America where they have existed for thousands of years. Successively, peanut culture has been introduced in many African countries and was incorporated into local traditional food cultures. Numerous studies showed peanut nutritive importance and capacity to prevent several human diseases. The target of the present survey aimed to create a germplasm benchmark of peanut varieties in the north region of Cote d’Ivoire (West Africa country) since this plant is weakly studied in this geographic area. For this purpose, six peanut varieties were processed and pre and/or post-harvest measurements have been brought on seedlings. In addition, biochemical composition of peanut seed for each considered varieties were measured. Statistical analysis based on several R software functions showed a good quality of collected peanut data and proposed post-harvest parameters as an adequate factor clustering the present analyzed peanut varieties. Then, ...
East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology, 2021
Sudanian zone is one of the regions in West Africa most confronted with high climate variability,... more Sudanian zone is one of the regions in West Africa most confronted with high climate variability, challenging agricultural sustainability and rural livelihoods. Despite multiple research efforts devoted to exploring how farmers in this region perceive climate variability and how perceptions relate to adaptive responses, much remains to be done. This study examined farmers’ perception of climate variability compared with scientific evidence in the terroir of Benguene, between 1983 and 2018. Data was collected from twenty-nine (29) farmland heads (representing 49% of the total farmland heads in the village) through a survey conducted in October 2019. Monthly temperature data from ground measurement and daily rainfall data extracted from the gridded African Rainfall Climatology version 2 (ARC-2) time series was used. Descriptive statistic was used to analyse survey data. Climate data analysis included Mann Kendall trend analysis and computation of growing season parameters (Onset, Dura...
Saba senegalensis is a plant to the family of Apocynaceae and its fruit called Saba is mainly use... more Saba senegalensis is a plant to the family of Apocynaceae and its fruit called Saba is mainly used as food. For better valorisation, this study aimed to evaluate the nutritional potential of jam and syrup derived of this fruit. The study was carried out on the fruit of Saba senegalensis harvested in the north of Côte d'Ivoire. After jam and syrup formulation, pH, dry matter, ash, macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients, anti-nutritionals factors and nutritional profile have been determined. The results showed that jam and syrup of Saba were acidic with respective pH of 3.11 ± 0.01 and 3.65 ± 0.05. They contented higher in carbohydrates with respective rates of 56.53 ± 0.24 % and 66.27 ± 1.08 %. Vitamin C rate in jam and syrup was respectively about 20.01 ± 0.01 mg/100 g and 18.33 ± 2.22 mg/100 g. The most important mineral was potassium which rate is 136.71 ± 4.08 mg/100 g and 241.76 ± 5.9 mg/100 g in jam and syrup respectively. They also contain phytonutrients such a...
Assessment of changes in carbon stock from land use and land cover change in necessary for carbon... more Assessment of changes in carbon stock from land use and land cover change in necessary for carbon emissions/removals monitoring and enable countries to comply in line with the Good Practice Guidance of IPCC. This study aimed to estimate and map the historical changes in carbon emission and removal from land use and land cover change from 1986 to 2016 in Sudan savannah ecological zone of Ghana. Nested plot design was applied for field measurement, and Random forest algorithm was used to classify images. The zone was stratified into four Districts and each District further stratified into various land use and land cover (LULC) classes. Emission factors were determined for each LULC. Activity data were obtained from the spatial analysis. The overall carbon released from forest degradation and deforestation was found to be 554,684.96 Mg CO2 or 77.19% with 163,956.93 Mg or 31.84% removed. The inter-annual changes exhibited a decrease from 1986 to 1999, 1999 to 2006 and 2006 to 2016 with ...
A Thesis submitted to the Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering in partial fulfi... more A Thesis submitted to the Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Climate Change and Land Use April, 2015
In Mali the management of rural area in the cotton belt has become more complex. It presents soci... more In Mali the management of rural area in the cotton belt has become more complex. It presents social, economic, ecological and cultural issues. Indeed, the increasing numbers of actors due to migration and population growth, as well as the emergence of new agricultural systems have created new dynamics in terms of companies and natural resources management. This work aimed at analysing the functioning of territories and actors through their social organisation and resource management strategies in the villages of Nafègué, Benguéné and Ziguéna. The methodology used was based on direct observation and qualitative surveys with several categories of actors identified using a diagnostic tools. The results show that the management of associations and cooperatives is identical in all the three villages. They are in principle independent from each other and have a freedom of action. However, there are mutual aid relations between the different associations. At village scale, land management ...
East African Journal of Environment and Natural Resources, 2021
The study analyses the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) dynamics as an important environmental fact... more The study analyses the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) dynamics as an important environmental factor and links it to migration trends towards the study area. The work uses data collected across two (2) villages, both located in the Dano watershed. Three sets of 30-m Landsat images were used to measure the changes in LULC types for the years 1986, 1999 and 2014. Cumulatively focus group discussion and household interview were employed for socio-economic data collection. Census data for the periods 1987, 1996 and 2006 were also collected from the national census reports. LULC analysis revealed that vegetation area was progressively converted into croplands with an annual rate of 0.92% during the period of study. Pearson correlation analysis between population and cropland on one hand and population and vegetation on the second hand revealed a high positive correlation between population size and cropland (r = 0.99), while there was a high negative correlation between population size an...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the appropriate technological treatments and the couple tim... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the appropriate technological treatments and the couple time / temperature optimizing the availability of nutrients in cowpea grains. White cowpea grains used were bought at Abobo (Abidjan) market. After germination and fermentation, these grains were heated to boiling for 1 hour (h) and 1h30 min at coal and gas fires and then crushed. The biochemical and nutritional profile was performed on the flour obtained. The results showed a significant difference on the parameters studied according to the treatment applied. The dry matter content of the flours was higher than 90%. The protein content was high on the flours from sprouted grains after cooking for 1 h on charcoal (Gfc2) and gas (Gfg2) fire with respective values of 18.31 ± 0.05% and 19, 83 ± 0.50%. On the other hand, the lipid content was less than 3%. The total carbohydrate content in all the flours is between 68 and 80 %. Fibers content varies between 23 and 31 %. Whatever the cooking met...
American Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2020
In Cote d'Ivoire, from leaves to seeds, cowpea were used in different forms for preparation o... more In Cote d'Ivoire, from leaves to seeds, cowpea were used in different forms for preparation of several dishes. For better valorization, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of morphological variability on the nutritional and technological characteristics of flours from cowpea seeds. The study was carried out on the red and white grains of cowpea collected at the market of Korhogo and Abidjan. After classification according to their size, shape and color, the grains were ground to obtain flour. The biochemical, nutritional and functional properties parameters were performed on the flours. The results showed high dry matter contents (> 85 %) in all flours whatever the color and size of grains. The red varieties flours, large and small size, were higher total carbohydrates contents (71.47% and 67.20%), and protein content (18.50 ± 0.23% and 13.33 ± 7.69%) than white varieties. In addition, the amino acid profile were dominated by methionine followed by threonine and lysine...
We investigated the physicochemical, functional properties and in vitro digestibility of cashew k... more We investigated the physicochemical, functional properties and in vitro digestibility of cashew kernel-based flour. Study was conducted on kernels of cashew nuts harvested from fields. Technological treatments have been applied to these kernels: cooking (100°C/30 min), roasting (120°C/20 min). Flours obtained after kernel grinding namely, FTA, FAC, FRA and FIA have been used for physicochemical, functional properties and digestibility analysis. Results showed that technological treatments had a significant influence on studied parameters. Protein contents of FTA (20.42 ± 0.50 %) and FAC (19.23 ± 0.02 %) are lower than those of FRA (21.85 ± 0.04 %). Total carbohydrate content showed the same trends. In addition, FAC showed the lowest lipid content. We established the decrease of sodium and zinc content in treated flour compared to raw flour: FTA (1.09 ± 0.23 % vs 1.20 ± 0.34 %), FAC (0.87 ± 0.12 % vs 1.20 ± 0.34 %), FIA (1.02 ± 0.30 % vs 1.20 ± 0.34 %) for sodium and FTA (0.80 ± 0.11...
Peanut (Arachis species) plants originated in South America where they have existed for thousands... more Peanut (Arachis species) plants originated in South America where they have existed for thousands of years. Successively, peanut culture has been introduced in many African countries and was incorporated into local traditional food cultures. Numerous studies showed peanut nutritive importance and capacity to prevent several human diseases. The target of the present survey aimed to create a germplasm benchmark of peanut varieties in the north region of Cote d’Ivoire (West Africa country) since this plant is weakly studied in this geographic area. For this purpose, six peanut varieties were processed and pre and/or post-harvest measurements have been brought on seedlings. In addition, biochemical composition of peanut seed for each considered varieties were measured. Statistical analysis based on several R software functions showed a good quality of collected peanut data and proposed post-harvest parameters as an adequate factor clustering the present analyzed peanut varieties. Then, ...
East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology, 2021
Sudanian zone is one of the regions in West Africa most confronted with high climate variability,... more Sudanian zone is one of the regions in West Africa most confronted with high climate variability, challenging agricultural sustainability and rural livelihoods. Despite multiple research efforts devoted to exploring how farmers in this region perceive climate variability and how perceptions relate to adaptive responses, much remains to be done. This study examined farmers’ perception of climate variability compared with scientific evidence in the terroir of Benguene, between 1983 and 2018. Data was collected from twenty-nine (29) farmland heads (representing 49% of the total farmland heads in the village) through a survey conducted in October 2019. Monthly temperature data from ground measurement and daily rainfall data extracted from the gridded African Rainfall Climatology version 2 (ARC-2) time series was used. Descriptive statistic was used to analyse survey data. Climate data analysis included Mann Kendall trend analysis and computation of growing season parameters (Onset, Dura...
Saba senegalensis is a plant to the family of Apocynaceae and its fruit called Saba is mainly use... more Saba senegalensis is a plant to the family of Apocynaceae and its fruit called Saba is mainly used as food. For better valorisation, this study aimed to evaluate the nutritional potential of jam and syrup derived of this fruit. The study was carried out on the fruit of Saba senegalensis harvested in the north of Côte d'Ivoire. After jam and syrup formulation, pH, dry matter, ash, macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients, anti-nutritionals factors and nutritional profile have been determined. The results showed that jam and syrup of Saba were acidic with respective pH of 3.11 ± 0.01 and 3.65 ± 0.05. They contented higher in carbohydrates with respective rates of 56.53 ± 0.24 % and 66.27 ± 1.08 %. Vitamin C rate in jam and syrup was respectively about 20.01 ± 0.01 mg/100 g and 18.33 ± 2.22 mg/100 g. The most important mineral was potassium which rate is 136.71 ± 4.08 mg/100 g and 241.76 ± 5.9 mg/100 g in jam and syrup respectively. They also contain phytonutrients such a...
Assessment of changes in carbon stock from land use and land cover change in necessary for carbon... more Assessment of changes in carbon stock from land use and land cover change in necessary for carbon emissions/removals monitoring and enable countries to comply in line with the Good Practice Guidance of IPCC. This study aimed to estimate and map the historical changes in carbon emission and removal from land use and land cover change from 1986 to 2016 in Sudan savannah ecological zone of Ghana. Nested plot design was applied for field measurement, and Random forest algorithm was used to classify images. The zone was stratified into four Districts and each District further stratified into various land use and land cover (LULC) classes. Emission factors were determined for each LULC. Activity data were obtained from the spatial analysis. The overall carbon released from forest degradation and deforestation was found to be 554,684.96 Mg CO2 or 77.19% with 163,956.93 Mg or 31.84% removed. The inter-annual changes exhibited a decrease from 1986 to 1999, 1999 to 2006 and 2006 to 2016 with ...
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