This paper presents the efforts carried out at Research Institute for Fruit Growing between 2020-... more This paper presents the efforts carried out at Research Institute for Fruit Growing between 2020-2021, in order to assess the strawberry behaviour to the hydric and biocenotic stress to improve the water and nutrients use and to build precision driven technologies that can be transferred to the farmers. Thirteen strawberry cultivars and three promising hybrids were evaluated in the field in order to evaluate the response to the fertirrigation regime, the chlorophyll fluorescence and the photosynthetic potential. We also focus on the behavior of the cultivars to the major pest and diseases, forecasts using warning modules, and an innovative mobile application and warning algorithms elaborated on the computer, and productivity potential into the first year of fructification. The ratio between the main macro-elements N 12.5: P 18.0: K 1.0: Mg 1.5 aiming to provid a very good nutrition to the strawberry plants and preparation for the cold season. The varietal sensitivity index to diseas...
The strawberries are at optimum maturity for consumption when the fruit reaches maximum flavor, j... more The strawberries are at optimum maturity for consumption when the fruit reaches maximum flavor, juiciness and texture. Strawberry cultivars: Mira, Idea, Benton, Marmolada, Elsanta, Cambridge Favourite were evaluated to determine the influence of harvest time on fruit quality parameters. The results showed significant differences between varieties at harvest time and for the same variety in all parameters investigated. The average weight of the fruit decreased from first to last pick up, the major weight loss was recorded for Mira cv. (13.04 g) and the lowest loss for Cambridge Favourite cv. (2.06 g). The color parameters were changed in the same variety depending on the harvest time.
The researches were done between 2012-2013, many observation and assessments being carried out in... more The researches were done between 2012-2013, many observation and assessments being carried out in strawberry field, on the incidence (F%), severity (I notes; I %) and damages degree (DD%) of diseases which affect the strawberries foliage: Mycosphaerela fragariae - leaf spot, Podosphaera aphanis - powdery mildew and Diplocarpon earliana - leaf scorch. Under the environment of South-central of Roumania, the most tolerant cvs. on the Mycosphaerela fragariae - leaf spot were: 'Cambridge Favourite' (GA%=0.00-0.06) and 'Mira' (GA%=0.00-0.86). As regard the behavior on the Podosphaera aphanis - powdery mildew attack, the most tolerant cvs. were 'Cambridge Favourite', 'Onebor', 'Idea' (GA%=0.00) and 'Elsanta' (GA%=0.00-1.70). The most tolerant cvs. on the Mycosphaerela fragariae - leaf spot were: 'Benton', 'Mira', 'Idea' (GA%=0.00) and 'Cambridge Favourite' (GA%=0.00-0.03). 'Mira' and 'Onebor' ar...
The fruits quality as a fresh product, must meet the higher quality standards, this is the primar... more The fruits quality as a fresh product, must meet the higher quality standards, this is the primary criterion in decision-making of consumers purchase. Even if the fruits appearance is characterized by some properties like size, shape, color, the absence or the presence of the defects, however any factor affecting these traits is very important. Therefore the creation of the genotypes with high commercial impact is one of the main objectives of the breeding research. In order to achieve this objective, in 2000 were achieved 27 cross-combinations. From the hybrids obtained in the process of breeding, the most valuable genotypes were selected and multiplied. In the spring of 2004 these genotypes were planted in an experimental plot and standard cultural practices were applied. In the period 2010-2012 was carried out a study on the biometric quality standards of the fruit in order to identify the most valuable genotypes. Over the studied period the genotype E04/ 5-2 fruits recorded the ...
The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters reflect the functioning of II nd photosystem (PSII). Many... more The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters reflect the functioning of II nd photosystem (PSII). Many studies have shown the importance of the chlorophyll fluorescence indicators in identification of nutrient deficiency and the others stress factors. In our study, with OS-30 (Opti-Sciences) chlorophyll fluorometer we registered, the following chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: the minimum fluorescence (F 0), the maximum fluorescence (F m), the momentary fluorescence (F t) and ratio F v /F m. The effect of four foliar fertilization products on the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in leaves to five strawberry cultivars (Mira, Benton, Elsanta, Marmolada, Idea) was registered in four moments (at one day after foliar fertilization; at three days after foliar fertilization; at six days after foliar fertilization and at nine days after foliar fertilizations). At the end of study the highest mean values of II nd photosystem (PSII) efficiency, and of F v /F m ratio were recorded on Elsanta ...
The breeding programs of the European countries are based on biotypes from wild flora, because th... more The breeding programs of the European countries are based on biotypes from wild flora, because they are the true sources of genes. These genes are able to print in the future cultivars resistance to diseases, pests and climatic stress, and also fruits with the best flavor and phytoterapeutic resources. In this aim, Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti-Maracineni conducted numerous studies of exploring the wild flora in different areas of the country. Following these expeditions were identified numerous biotypes of cornelian cherry, rosehip and seabuckthorn. All these native biotypes were subjected to studies of phenology, productivity, and quality of fruits. These researches identified the highest productivity in the following biotypes: MS-40 (cornelian cherry), RC-CN (rose hip) and MPR2P3 (seabuckthorn).
Pollen viability and germination capacity of strawberry genotypes were investigated using fresh p... more Pollen viability and germination capacity of strawberry genotypes were investigated using fresh pollen at 24°C. On 2012 environmental conditions of spring, the pollen viability rates showed significant differences from 2.85% up to 84.46% according to different genotypes. Under in vitro conditions the pollen proved different levels of germination using 1.5 g agar + 15 g sucrose + 0,01 g boric acid medium and incubation for 6-8 hours. For preliminary evaluation of strawberry genitors and cross-pollination, both characteristics are important indicators.
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture, 2012
Sour cherry is an economical important tetraploid species in Europe. Use of SimpleSequence Repeat... more Sour cherry is an economical important tetraploid species in Europe. Use of SimpleSequence Repeats (SSRs) as descriptors to characterize and differentiate a set of 15 sour cherryvarieties from three National Collections from Romania, represented by selections from local varietiesand hybrids from our country and foreign origin was taken as a leading case study for plant varietyprotection purposes. A set of sixteen SSR markers taken from the literature which was used for geneticdiversity in different genus of Prunus such as sweet cherry, sour cherry, peach, apricot. The PCRamplification protocol and annealing temperature for each primer pair was optimized for use in sourcherry. In these partial results, only for five (25%) primer pairs the optimum annealing temperature toamplify the sour cherry varieties was found. Similarly, 63°C and 66.2°C were found optimum forprimer pairs pchgms1 and UDP96-003, only the last one from all primer pairs was polymorphicbetween varieties. For primer pa...
The paper deals with the spatial distribution of root density in highbush blueberry plantations o... more The paper deals with the spatial distribution of root density in highbush blueberry plantations of various ages for a proper planting distance recommendation and a better irrigation and fertilization management. The environmental conditions consist of sandy-loamy soils and a continental temperate climate. Two highbush blueberry cultivars were studied, ‘Bluecrop’ and ‘Blueray’. Root density (RD) and density of root cross-sectional area (RCSA) were investigated for various root diameters. It was found that the prevalent type of roots in highbush blueberry crops is the hair type, with root diameters less than 0.1 mm. Both RD and RCSA decreased with distance from plant and with soil depth; the 38-year-old crop showed a more developed root system versus the 8‑year-old crop. In both cases the roots did not grow more than 0.6 m laterally and more than 0.7 m deep. According to these results, the planting distances in highbush blueberry could be reduced to substantially increase the number of plants/ha and fruit yield. Irrigation application should be carried out to wet a proper soil volume, about 0.6–0.7 m deep for older crops, and about 0.5 m deep for younger crops.
Vaccinium corymbosum is one of the berry species with economic and food interest to Romanian grow... more Vaccinium corymbosum is one of the berry species with economic and food interest to Romanian growers and consumers. The development of blueberrty crop is a result of breeding activity, which has generated many cultivars of quality fruit and high productivity. The characters that are of economic interest in the cultivation of blueberries depend on the area of cultivation where the new cultivars are obtained. The study was conducted in summer 2020 in an experimental plot established in 2015 with seven blueberry genotypes, at Research Institute for Fruit Growing, Pitesti, Romania in the Small Fruit Laboratory, having an experience in the field of more than 40 years. The objective at this study is to compare some of fruit characteristics from genotypes 'Azur', 'Delicia', 'Duke', 'Northblue', 'Simultan', '4/6' and '6/38': plant yield, average fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, the soluble solids, fruit acidity or pH, fruit ...
In vitro control of Alternaria solani included studies of different fungicides, essential oils ba... more In vitro control of Alternaria solani included studies of different fungicides, essential oils basil and ethyl extract of Allium cepa. In Romania in the case of tomato culture it is very low due to several production constrains including diseases. One such disease is the early blight caused by fungus Alternaria solani (Ell.) Martin. The isolate used in this study was obtained from tomato and it was cultivated on three culture media: potato dextrose agar (PDA), malt extract agar and Czapek Dox medium. Using chlorothalonil, thiophanate methyl, prochloraz, tebuconazole and cooper sulphate, they were evaluated in order to control colony growth of fungi, at the concentrations recommended in agriculture by the specialized literature. The extract of Allium concentration with three levels (3%, 75% and 100%) significantly stronger effect on reducing mycelia growth, reducing spore germination and causing high inhibition percentage of A. solani. The fungal effect of the essential oil basil is ...
This paper aims to study the influence of cultivar and vermicompost (organic fertilizer) treatmen... more This paper aims to study the influence of cultivar and vermicompost (organic fertilizer) treatments on fruit quality traits (fruit weight, flesh firmness, juice pH, chromatic coordinates in CIELab system, chlorophyll fluorescence) and plant productivity on Lonicera caerulea L. The experiment was carried out between 2019 and 2020, at the Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti, Romania. To achieve these, three honeysuckle cultivars ('Cera', 'Loni', and 'Kami') were treated with four fertilizer doses: 0.2, 0.3, 0.75, and 1.0 L per plant. We found that 'Cera' cultivar was characterized by fruits with the highest weight (0.67 g) and firmness (13.71 units Bareiss HPE-II-FFF), 'Kami' cultivar, had the highest total soluble solids content (17.09 °Brix), and 'Loni' was the most productive (33.33 g per plant). Compared to untreated plants, fertilization with vermicompost in a dose of 0.2 L per plant increased fruit weight by 14.81%, pH by ...
The fruit storage capacity is one of the fruit quality indicators as a final link of fruit produc... more The fruit storage capacity is one of the fruit quality indicators as a final link of fruit production until the fruit reaches the final consumer. The fruit quality is given by different parameters which expresses a complete picture of the fruit characteristics. The strawberries fruits must be harvested at optimum maturity, otherwise, if harvested too early or too late, during the storage period, the fruit quality can be reduced. In the transport conditions over long distances to the market, the main issues of manufacturers are related to the fruits’ resistance, their capacity of maintaining the commercial aspect and less to maintain the traits like taste and flavor. Damage, spoilage of fruits during transport and storage period makes them unacceptable by consumers and vulnerable versus pathogens. The purpose of this paper was to identify the changes that occur on the fruit quality indicators during the storage period at six foreign strawberry cultivars (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) mo...
This paper presents the efforts carried out at Research Institute for Fruit Growing between 2020-... more This paper presents the efforts carried out at Research Institute for Fruit Growing between 2020-2021, in order to assess the strawberry behaviour to the hydric and biocenotic stress to improve the water and nutrients use and to build precision driven technologies that can be transferred to the farmers. Thirteen strawberry cultivars and three promising hybrids were evaluated in the field in order to evaluate the response to the fertirrigation regime, the chlorophyll fluorescence and the photosynthetic potential. We also focus on the behavior of the cultivars to the major pest and diseases, forecasts using warning modules, and an innovative mobile application and warning algorithms elaborated on the computer, and productivity potential into the first year of fructification. The ratio between the main macro-elements N 12.5: P 18.0: K 1.0: Mg 1.5 aiming to provid a very good nutrition to the strawberry plants and preparation for the cold season. The varietal sensitivity index to diseas...
The strawberries are at optimum maturity for consumption when the fruit reaches maximum flavor, j... more The strawberries are at optimum maturity for consumption when the fruit reaches maximum flavor, juiciness and texture. Strawberry cultivars: Mira, Idea, Benton, Marmolada, Elsanta, Cambridge Favourite were evaluated to determine the influence of harvest time on fruit quality parameters. The results showed significant differences between varieties at harvest time and for the same variety in all parameters investigated. The average weight of the fruit decreased from first to last pick up, the major weight loss was recorded for Mira cv. (13.04 g) and the lowest loss for Cambridge Favourite cv. (2.06 g). The color parameters were changed in the same variety depending on the harvest time.
The researches were done between 2012-2013, many observation and assessments being carried out in... more The researches were done between 2012-2013, many observation and assessments being carried out in strawberry field, on the incidence (F%), severity (I notes; I %) and damages degree (DD%) of diseases which affect the strawberries foliage: Mycosphaerela fragariae - leaf spot, Podosphaera aphanis - powdery mildew and Diplocarpon earliana - leaf scorch. Under the environment of South-central of Roumania, the most tolerant cvs. on the Mycosphaerela fragariae - leaf spot were: 'Cambridge Favourite' (GA%=0.00-0.06) and 'Mira' (GA%=0.00-0.86). As regard the behavior on the Podosphaera aphanis - powdery mildew attack, the most tolerant cvs. were 'Cambridge Favourite', 'Onebor', 'Idea' (GA%=0.00) and 'Elsanta' (GA%=0.00-1.70). The most tolerant cvs. on the Mycosphaerela fragariae - leaf spot were: 'Benton', 'Mira', 'Idea' (GA%=0.00) and 'Cambridge Favourite' (GA%=0.00-0.03). 'Mira' and 'Onebor' ar...
The fruits quality as a fresh product, must meet the higher quality standards, this is the primar... more The fruits quality as a fresh product, must meet the higher quality standards, this is the primary criterion in decision-making of consumers purchase. Even if the fruits appearance is characterized by some properties like size, shape, color, the absence or the presence of the defects, however any factor affecting these traits is very important. Therefore the creation of the genotypes with high commercial impact is one of the main objectives of the breeding research. In order to achieve this objective, in 2000 were achieved 27 cross-combinations. From the hybrids obtained in the process of breeding, the most valuable genotypes were selected and multiplied. In the spring of 2004 these genotypes were planted in an experimental plot and standard cultural practices were applied. In the period 2010-2012 was carried out a study on the biometric quality standards of the fruit in order to identify the most valuable genotypes. Over the studied period the genotype E04/ 5-2 fruits recorded the ...
The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters reflect the functioning of II nd photosystem (PSII). Many... more The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters reflect the functioning of II nd photosystem (PSII). Many studies have shown the importance of the chlorophyll fluorescence indicators in identification of nutrient deficiency and the others stress factors. In our study, with OS-30 (Opti-Sciences) chlorophyll fluorometer we registered, the following chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: the minimum fluorescence (F 0), the maximum fluorescence (F m), the momentary fluorescence (F t) and ratio F v /F m. The effect of four foliar fertilization products on the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in leaves to five strawberry cultivars (Mira, Benton, Elsanta, Marmolada, Idea) was registered in four moments (at one day after foliar fertilization; at three days after foliar fertilization; at six days after foliar fertilization and at nine days after foliar fertilizations). At the end of study the highest mean values of II nd photosystem (PSII) efficiency, and of F v /F m ratio were recorded on Elsanta ...
The breeding programs of the European countries are based on biotypes from wild flora, because th... more The breeding programs of the European countries are based on biotypes from wild flora, because they are the true sources of genes. These genes are able to print in the future cultivars resistance to diseases, pests and climatic stress, and also fruits with the best flavor and phytoterapeutic resources. In this aim, Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti-Maracineni conducted numerous studies of exploring the wild flora in different areas of the country. Following these expeditions were identified numerous biotypes of cornelian cherry, rosehip and seabuckthorn. All these native biotypes were subjected to studies of phenology, productivity, and quality of fruits. These researches identified the highest productivity in the following biotypes: MS-40 (cornelian cherry), RC-CN (rose hip) and MPR2P3 (seabuckthorn).
Pollen viability and germination capacity of strawberry genotypes were investigated using fresh p... more Pollen viability and germination capacity of strawberry genotypes were investigated using fresh pollen at 24°C. On 2012 environmental conditions of spring, the pollen viability rates showed significant differences from 2.85% up to 84.46% according to different genotypes. Under in vitro conditions the pollen proved different levels of germination using 1.5 g agar + 15 g sucrose + 0,01 g boric acid medium and incubation for 6-8 hours. For preliminary evaluation of strawberry genitors and cross-pollination, both characteristics are important indicators.
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture, 2012
Sour cherry is an economical important tetraploid species in Europe. Use of SimpleSequence Repeat... more Sour cherry is an economical important tetraploid species in Europe. Use of SimpleSequence Repeats (SSRs) as descriptors to characterize and differentiate a set of 15 sour cherryvarieties from three National Collections from Romania, represented by selections from local varietiesand hybrids from our country and foreign origin was taken as a leading case study for plant varietyprotection purposes. A set of sixteen SSR markers taken from the literature which was used for geneticdiversity in different genus of Prunus such as sweet cherry, sour cherry, peach, apricot. The PCRamplification protocol and annealing temperature for each primer pair was optimized for use in sourcherry. In these partial results, only for five (25%) primer pairs the optimum annealing temperature toamplify the sour cherry varieties was found. Similarly, 63°C and 66.2°C were found optimum forprimer pairs pchgms1 and UDP96-003, only the last one from all primer pairs was polymorphicbetween varieties. For primer pa...
The paper deals with the spatial distribution of root density in highbush blueberry plantations o... more The paper deals with the spatial distribution of root density in highbush blueberry plantations of various ages for a proper planting distance recommendation and a better irrigation and fertilization management. The environmental conditions consist of sandy-loamy soils and a continental temperate climate. Two highbush blueberry cultivars were studied, ‘Bluecrop’ and ‘Blueray’. Root density (RD) and density of root cross-sectional area (RCSA) were investigated for various root diameters. It was found that the prevalent type of roots in highbush blueberry crops is the hair type, with root diameters less than 0.1 mm. Both RD and RCSA decreased with distance from plant and with soil depth; the 38-year-old crop showed a more developed root system versus the 8‑year-old crop. In both cases the roots did not grow more than 0.6 m laterally and more than 0.7 m deep. According to these results, the planting distances in highbush blueberry could be reduced to substantially increase the number of plants/ha and fruit yield. Irrigation application should be carried out to wet a proper soil volume, about 0.6–0.7 m deep for older crops, and about 0.5 m deep for younger crops.
Vaccinium corymbosum is one of the berry species with economic and food interest to Romanian grow... more Vaccinium corymbosum is one of the berry species with economic and food interest to Romanian growers and consumers. The development of blueberrty crop is a result of breeding activity, which has generated many cultivars of quality fruit and high productivity. The characters that are of economic interest in the cultivation of blueberries depend on the area of cultivation where the new cultivars are obtained. The study was conducted in summer 2020 in an experimental plot established in 2015 with seven blueberry genotypes, at Research Institute for Fruit Growing, Pitesti, Romania in the Small Fruit Laboratory, having an experience in the field of more than 40 years. The objective at this study is to compare some of fruit characteristics from genotypes 'Azur', 'Delicia', 'Duke', 'Northblue', 'Simultan', '4/6' and '6/38': plant yield, average fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, the soluble solids, fruit acidity or pH, fruit ...
In vitro control of Alternaria solani included studies of different fungicides, essential oils ba... more In vitro control of Alternaria solani included studies of different fungicides, essential oils basil and ethyl extract of Allium cepa. In Romania in the case of tomato culture it is very low due to several production constrains including diseases. One such disease is the early blight caused by fungus Alternaria solani (Ell.) Martin. The isolate used in this study was obtained from tomato and it was cultivated on three culture media: potato dextrose agar (PDA), malt extract agar and Czapek Dox medium. Using chlorothalonil, thiophanate methyl, prochloraz, tebuconazole and cooper sulphate, they were evaluated in order to control colony growth of fungi, at the concentrations recommended in agriculture by the specialized literature. The extract of Allium concentration with three levels (3%, 75% and 100%) significantly stronger effect on reducing mycelia growth, reducing spore germination and causing high inhibition percentage of A. solani. The fungal effect of the essential oil basil is ...
This paper aims to study the influence of cultivar and vermicompost (organic fertilizer) treatmen... more This paper aims to study the influence of cultivar and vermicompost (organic fertilizer) treatments on fruit quality traits (fruit weight, flesh firmness, juice pH, chromatic coordinates in CIELab system, chlorophyll fluorescence) and plant productivity on Lonicera caerulea L. The experiment was carried out between 2019 and 2020, at the Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti, Romania. To achieve these, three honeysuckle cultivars ('Cera', 'Loni', and 'Kami') were treated with four fertilizer doses: 0.2, 0.3, 0.75, and 1.0 L per plant. We found that 'Cera' cultivar was characterized by fruits with the highest weight (0.67 g) and firmness (13.71 units Bareiss HPE-II-FFF), 'Kami' cultivar, had the highest total soluble solids content (17.09 °Brix), and 'Loni' was the most productive (33.33 g per plant). Compared to untreated plants, fertilization with vermicompost in a dose of 0.2 L per plant increased fruit weight by 14.81%, pH by ...
The fruit storage capacity is one of the fruit quality indicators as a final link of fruit produc... more The fruit storage capacity is one of the fruit quality indicators as a final link of fruit production until the fruit reaches the final consumer. The fruit quality is given by different parameters which expresses a complete picture of the fruit characteristics. The strawberries fruits must be harvested at optimum maturity, otherwise, if harvested too early or too late, during the storage period, the fruit quality can be reduced. In the transport conditions over long distances to the market, the main issues of manufacturers are related to the fruits’ resistance, their capacity of maintaining the commercial aspect and less to maintain the traits like taste and flavor. Damage, spoilage of fruits during transport and storage period makes them unacceptable by consumers and vulnerable versus pathogens. The purpose of this paper was to identify the changes that occur on the fruit quality indicators during the storage period at six foreign strawberry cultivars (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) mo...
Uploads
Papers by Monica Sturzeanu