We argue that quantum electrodynamics combined with quantum gravity results in a new source of CP... more We argue that quantum electrodynamics combined with quantum gravity results in a new source of CP violation, anomalous non-conservation of chiral charge and quantisation of electric charge. Further phenomenological and cosmological implications of this observation are briefly discussed within the standard model of particle physics and cosmology
We consider an isolated electroweak monopole solution within the Standard Model with a non-linear... more We consider an isolated electroweak monopole solution within the Standard Model with a non-linear Born-Infeld extension of the hypercharge gauge field. Monopole (and dyon) solutions in such an extension are regular and their masses are predicted to be proportional to the Born-Infeld mass parameter. We argue that cosmological production of electroweak monopoles may delay the electroweak phase transition and make it more strongly first order for monopole masses M≳ 9.3· 10^3 TeV, while the nucleosynthesis constraints on the abundance of relic monopoles impose the bound M≲ 2.3· 10^4 TeV. The monopoles with a mass in this shallow range may be responsible for the dynamical generation of the matter-antimatter asymmetry during the electroweak phase transition.
We describe electroweak monopoles within the Born-Infeld extension of $SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ elec... more We describe electroweak monopoles within the Born-Infeld extension of $SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ electroweak theory. We argue for topological stability of these monopoles and computed their mass in terms of the Born-Infeld mass parameters. We then propose a new mechanism for electroweak baryogenesis which takes advantage of the following salient features of the electroweak monopoles: (i) monopoles support extra CP violation in the topological sector of the electroweak theory; (ii) they mediate unsuppressed baryon number violating interactions; (iii) non-thermal production of monopoles during the electroweak phase transitions generates departure from thermal equilibrium. We demonstrate that the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe can be explained in our theory in the presence of electroweak monopoles of mass $M\sim 10^{4}$ TeV.
We discuss a cosmological phase transition within the Standard Model which incorporates spontaneo... more We discuss a cosmological phase transition within the Standard Model which incorporates spontaneously broken scale invariance as a low-energy theory. In addition to the Standard Model fields, the minimal model involves a light dilaton, which acquires a large vacuum expectation value (VEV) through the mechanism of dimensional transmutation. Under the assumption of the cancellation of the vacuum energy, the dilaton develops a very small mass at 2-loop order. As a result, a flat direction is present in the classical dilaton-Higgs potential at zero temperature while the quantum potential admits two (almost) degenerate local minima with unbroken and broken electroweak symmetry. We found that the cosmological electroweak phase transition in this model can only be triggered by a QCD chiral symmetry breaking phase transition at low temperatures, T ≲ 132 MeV . Furthermore, unlike the standard case, the universe settles into the chiral symmetry breaking vacuum via a first-order phase transiti...
Suntharan Arunasalam 2, ∗ and Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf 2, 3, 4, † Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and Sch... more Suntharan Arunasalam 2, ∗ and Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf 2, 3, 4, † Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MOE), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China Amherst Center for Fundamental Interactions, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA Kellogg Radiation Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
We consider an isolated electroweak monopole solution within the Standard Model with a nonlinear ... more We consider an isolated electroweak monopole solution within the Standard Model with a nonlinear Born–Infeld extension of the hypercharge gauge field. Monopole (and dyon) solutions in such an extension are regular and their masses are predicted to be proportional to the Born–Infeld mass parameter. We argue that cosmological production of electroweak monopoles may delay the electroweak phase transition and make it more strongly first order for monopole masses $$M\gtrsim 9.3 \,{\cdot }\, 10^3$$M≳9.3·103 TeV, while the nucleosynthesis constraints on the abundance of relic monopoles impose the bound $$M\lesssim 2.3\cdot 10^4$$M≲2.3·104 TeV. The monopoles with a mass in this shallow range may be responsible for the dynamical generation of the matter–antimatter asymmetry during the electroweak phase transition.
Using Khovanov’s categorification of the Weyl algebra, we investigate categorical structures aris... more Using Khovanov’s categorification of the Weyl algebra, we investigate categorical structures arising from spherical harmonics. We categorify the sl(2,ℂ)$\mathfrak {s}\mathfrak {l}(2,\mathbb {C})$-action on the polynomial ring in n variables, and use this to categorify certain simple Verma modules. On the way we also categorify the standard action of matrix units Eij∈gl(n,ℂ)$E_{ij}\in \mathfrak {g}\mathfrak {l}(n,\mathbb {C})$ on the polynomial ring.
We argue that quantum electrodynamics combined with quantum gravity results in a new source of CP... more We argue that quantum electrodynamics combined with quantum gravity results in a new source of CP violation, anomalous non-conservation of chiral charge and quantisation of electric charge. Further phenomenological and cosmological implications of this observation are briefly discussed within the standard model of particle physics and cosmology
We consider an isolated electroweak monopole solution within the Standard Model with a non-linear... more We consider an isolated electroweak monopole solution within the Standard Model with a non-linear Born-Infeld extension of the hypercharge gauge field. Monopole (and dyon) solutions in such an extension are regular and their masses are predicted to be proportional to the Born-Infeld mass parameter. We argue that cosmological production of electroweak monopoles may delay the electroweak phase transition and make it more strongly first order for monopole masses M≳ 9.3· 10^3 TeV, while the nucleosynthesis constraints on the abundance of relic monopoles impose the bound M≲ 2.3· 10^4 TeV. The monopoles with a mass in this shallow range may be responsible for the dynamical generation of the matter-antimatter asymmetry during the electroweak phase transition.
We describe electroweak monopoles within the Born-Infeld extension of $SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ elec... more We describe electroweak monopoles within the Born-Infeld extension of $SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ electroweak theory. We argue for topological stability of these monopoles and computed their mass in terms of the Born-Infeld mass parameters. We then propose a new mechanism for electroweak baryogenesis which takes advantage of the following salient features of the electroweak monopoles: (i) monopoles support extra CP violation in the topological sector of the electroweak theory; (ii) they mediate unsuppressed baryon number violating interactions; (iii) non-thermal production of monopoles during the electroweak phase transitions generates departure from thermal equilibrium. We demonstrate that the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe can be explained in our theory in the presence of electroweak monopoles of mass $M\sim 10^{4}$ TeV.
We discuss a cosmological phase transition within the Standard Model which incorporates spontaneo... more We discuss a cosmological phase transition within the Standard Model which incorporates spontaneously broken scale invariance as a low-energy theory. In addition to the Standard Model fields, the minimal model involves a light dilaton, which acquires a large vacuum expectation value (VEV) through the mechanism of dimensional transmutation. Under the assumption of the cancellation of the vacuum energy, the dilaton develops a very small mass at 2-loop order. As a result, a flat direction is present in the classical dilaton-Higgs potential at zero temperature while the quantum potential admits two (almost) degenerate local minima with unbroken and broken electroweak symmetry. We found that the cosmological electroweak phase transition in this model can only be triggered by a QCD chiral symmetry breaking phase transition at low temperatures, T ≲ 132 MeV . Furthermore, unlike the standard case, the universe settles into the chiral symmetry breaking vacuum via a first-order phase transiti...
Suntharan Arunasalam 2, ∗ and Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf 2, 3, 4, † Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and Sch... more Suntharan Arunasalam 2, ∗ and Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf 2, 3, 4, † Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MOE), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China Amherst Center for Fundamental Interactions, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA Kellogg Radiation Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
We consider an isolated electroweak monopole solution within the Standard Model with a nonlinear ... more We consider an isolated electroweak monopole solution within the Standard Model with a nonlinear Born–Infeld extension of the hypercharge gauge field. Monopole (and dyon) solutions in such an extension are regular and their masses are predicted to be proportional to the Born–Infeld mass parameter. We argue that cosmological production of electroweak monopoles may delay the electroweak phase transition and make it more strongly first order for monopole masses $$M\gtrsim 9.3 \,{\cdot }\, 10^3$$M≳9.3·103 TeV, while the nucleosynthesis constraints on the abundance of relic monopoles impose the bound $$M\lesssim 2.3\cdot 10^4$$M≲2.3·104 TeV. The monopoles with a mass in this shallow range may be responsible for the dynamical generation of the matter–antimatter asymmetry during the electroweak phase transition.
Using Khovanov’s categorification of the Weyl algebra, we investigate categorical structures aris... more Using Khovanov’s categorification of the Weyl algebra, we investigate categorical structures arising from spherical harmonics. We categorify the sl(2,ℂ)$\mathfrak {s}\mathfrak {l}(2,\mathbb {C})$-action on the polynomial ring in n variables, and use this to categorify certain simple Verma modules. On the way we also categorify the standard action of matrix units Eij∈gl(n,ℂ)$E_{ij}\in \mathfrak {g}\mathfrak {l}(n,\mathbb {C})$ on the polynomial ring.
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Papers by Suntharan Arunasalam