Traditionally, pharmacy technicians have worked alongside pharmacists in community and hospital p... more Traditionally, pharmacy technicians have worked alongside pharmacists in community and hospital pharmacy. Changes within pharmacy provide opportunity for role expansion and with no apparent career pathway, there is a need to define the current pharmacy technician role and role in medicines optimisation. To capture the current roles of pharmacy technicians and identify how their future role will contribute to medicines optimisation. Following ethical approval and piloting, an online survey to ascertain pharmacy technicians' views about their roles was undertaken. Recruitment took place in collaboration with the Association of Pharmacy Technicians UK. Data were exported to SPSS, data screened and descriptive statistics produced. Free text responses were analysed and tasks collated into categories reflecting the type of work involved in each task. Responses received were 393 (28%, n = 1380). Results were organised into five groups: i.e., hospital, community, primary care, General P...
Canadian pharmacists journal : CPJ = Revue des pharmaciens du Canada : RPC, 2015
Pharmacy practice research is one avenue through which new pharmacy services can be integrated in... more Pharmacy practice research is one avenue through which new pharmacy services can be integrated into daily pharmacy practice. However, pharmacists' participation in this research has not been well characterized. Drawing from the literature on work performance and personality traits, 4 hypotheses were developed to gain insight into pharmacists' performance in a pharmacy practice research trial. This study was an observational, cross-sectional survey of pharmacists participating in a research trial. All pharmacists were asked to complete the Big Five Inventory (BFI), a validated, reliable instrument of personality traits. These results were then compared with measures of pharmacists' performance in the trial. Thirty pharmacists expressed interest in participating in the trial; 23 completed the BFI and 14 actively participated in the pharmacy practice research trial. No statistically significant differences were identified in the examination of the predetermined hypotheses. ...
Exploring Innovation in ... Case Study Methodology as a useful methodology for exploring the view... more Exploring Innovation in ... Case Study Methodology as a useful methodology for exploring the views of ... Case study methodology can be used as a creative alternative to traditional approaches to description, emphasising the patient's perspective as being central to the process. ...
ABSTRACT In the last 10 years changes in the Government's agenda for medicines management... more ABSTRACT In the last 10 years changes in the Government's agenda for medicines management and improved patient safety have resulted in unprecedented calls for the provision of mental health pharmacy services. This has not been reflected in pharmacy workforce planning or budgets. We aim to ascertain pharmacy staffing levels in Mental Health Trusts and whether supply of medicines and delivery of clinical pharmacy services are at an appropriate level. All Chief/Lead Pharmacists for Mental Health Trusts in England were sent a questionnaire. Follow-up was done twice by e-mail at 2-week intervals. The response rate was 48% (n = 38 usable questionnaires), and results showed that many Trusts were providing little more than a basic supply service. Pharmacy services equating with risk-management were often provided on an ad hoc basis. Staffing levels were reported as insufficient, with mainly part-time staff. A basic pharmacy ward visit was only offered by 60.8% (n = 14/23; not all participants answered all questions) of respondents, at the 100% level (i.e. a daily service). Six of 31 respondents receiving pharmaceutical services from external organisations reported no formal signed agreements with the external provider. The increasing emphasis on community-based mental health teams, while still retaining on-site provision and Department of Health initiatives to improve patient safety via medicines management, has placed great strain on mental health pharmacy services. The resultant pharmaceutical input from external drivers is not reflected in appropriate pharmacy staffing levels. The results raise some serious governance issues.
Objective To describe the ways in which members of the public with a chronic condition were invol... more Objective To describe the ways in which members of the public with a chronic condition were involved as advisors in a research project exploring pharmacist supplementary prescribing. The primary objective was to be able to reflect upon the benefits and difficulties of this approach so that the patient perspective can be accommodated more fully in future research. Setting University of Bath. Method Ten individuals were recruited from two clinical areas: a diabetes support group and a chronic lung disease group. None of the individuals had ever seen, or heard of, a pharmacist supplementary prescriber. They joined two members of the research team at each of six meetings held over a period of one year. This paper presents an ethnographic approach to the accounts of these meetings and reflects on the involvement of patients as members of the research team. Key findings Initially, the group was unaware of pharmacist prescribing and expressed a range of concerns. After gaining an understan...
In the last 10 years changes in the Government&am... more In the last 10 years changes in the Government's agenda for medicines management and improved patient safety have resulted in unprecedented calls for the provision of mental health pharmacy services. This has not been reflected in pharmacy workforce planning or budgets. We aim to ascertain pharmacy staffing levels in Mental Health Trusts and whether supply of medicines and delivery of clinical pharmacy services are at an appropriate level. All Chief/Lead Pharmacists for Mental Health Trusts in England were sent a questionnaire. Follow-up was done twice by e-mail at 2-week intervals. The response rate was 48% (n = 38 usable questionnaires), and results showed that many Trusts were providing little more than a basic supply service. Pharmacy services equating with risk-management were often provided on an ad hoc basis. Staffing levels were reported as insufficient, with mainly part-time staff. A basic pharmacy ward visit was only offered by 60.8% (n = 14/23; not all participants answered all questions) of respondents, at the 100% level (i.e. a daily service). Six of 31 respondents receiving pharmaceutical services from external organisations reported no formal signed agreements with the external provider. The increasing emphasis on community-based mental health teams, while still retaining on-site provision and Department of Health initiatives to improve patient safety via medicines management, has placed great strain on mental health pharmacy services. The resultant pharmaceutical input from external drivers is not reflected in appropriate pharmacy staffing levels. The results raise some serious governance issues.
To compare sole nurse and doctor-led multidisciplinary team delivery of community clozapine servi... more To compare sole nurse and doctor-led multidisciplinary team delivery of community clozapine services for people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Around 20% of people with schizophrenia are treatment resistant and fail to respond to front line medications. Clozapine, a second-line treatment, has potentially serious side effects requiring regular monitoring. Different models of community clozapine services are emerging in the British National Health Service, but there is little evidence about which is best. Questionnaire survey of service users. All patients on the lists of seven clozapine clinics (four sole nurse, three multidisciplinary team) in one trust were invited to participate, 2009-2010. Forward stepwise regression was used to investigate associations between patient well-being, functioning, self-efficacy and satisfaction, and clinic model attended, controlling for socio-demographic and health characteristics and processes of care. Use (and costs) of other health and s...
Exploring Innovation in ... Case Study Methodology as a useful methodology for exploring the view... more Exploring Innovation in ... Case Study Methodology as a useful methodology for exploring the views of ... Case study methodology can be used as a creative alternative to traditional approaches to description, emphasising the patient's perspective as being central to the process. ...
This paper investigates the potential threat to medical dominance posed by the addition of pharma... more This paper investigates the potential threat to medical dominance posed by the addition of pharmacists as prescribers in the UK. It explores the role of prescribing as an indicator of professional power, the legitimacy and status of new pharmacist prescribers and the forces influencing professional jurisdictional claims over the task of prescribing. It draws upon 23 interviews with pharmacist supplementary prescribers. Data suggest that the legitimacy of pharmacists as prescribers, as experienced in the workplace, has been aided by: (1) blurred definitions of prescribing; (2) the emphasis on new prescribers' competence urging pharmacist prescribers to limit their areas of clinical practice; and (3) a team approach to patient management. Competence, self-limitation on practice and the benefits of team working as part of the ideology of patient safety were thus an important influence on pharmacists' jurisdictional claim over prescribing. While pharmacists have successfully negotiated a role for themselves as prescribers, medicine has retained its high status, relative to other health professionals and with patients; it controls the knowledge base relevant for prescribing practice and has managed to develop an 'overseer' role over the process of prescribing. Prescribing, as an indicator of medicine's autonomy of control over their work and professional status, has changed. Yet the extent to which new prescribers have been able to threaten the professional dominance of medicine is debatable.
Traditionally, pharmacy technicians have worked alongside pharmacists in community and hospital p... more Traditionally, pharmacy technicians have worked alongside pharmacists in community and hospital pharmacy. Changes within pharmacy provide opportunity for role expansion and with no apparent career pathway, there is a need to define the current pharmacy technician role and role in medicines optimisation. To capture the current roles of pharmacy technicians and identify how their future role will contribute to medicines optimisation. Following ethical approval and piloting, an online survey to ascertain pharmacy technicians' views about their roles was undertaken. Recruitment took place in collaboration with the Association of Pharmacy Technicians UK. Data were exported to SPSS, data screened and descriptive statistics produced. Free text responses were analysed and tasks collated into categories reflecting the type of work involved in each task. Responses received were 393 (28%, n = 1380). Results were organised into five groups: i.e., hospital, community, primary care, General P...
Canadian pharmacists journal : CPJ = Revue des pharmaciens du Canada : RPC, 2015
Pharmacy practice research is one avenue through which new pharmacy services can be integrated in... more Pharmacy practice research is one avenue through which new pharmacy services can be integrated into daily pharmacy practice. However, pharmacists' participation in this research has not been well characterized. Drawing from the literature on work performance and personality traits, 4 hypotheses were developed to gain insight into pharmacists' performance in a pharmacy practice research trial. This study was an observational, cross-sectional survey of pharmacists participating in a research trial. All pharmacists were asked to complete the Big Five Inventory (BFI), a validated, reliable instrument of personality traits. These results were then compared with measures of pharmacists' performance in the trial. Thirty pharmacists expressed interest in participating in the trial; 23 completed the BFI and 14 actively participated in the pharmacy practice research trial. No statistically significant differences were identified in the examination of the predetermined hypotheses. ...
Exploring Innovation in ... Case Study Methodology as a useful methodology for exploring the view... more Exploring Innovation in ... Case Study Methodology as a useful methodology for exploring the views of ... Case study methodology can be used as a creative alternative to traditional approaches to description, emphasising the patient's perspective as being central to the process. ...
ABSTRACT In the last 10 years changes in the Government's agenda for medicines management... more ABSTRACT In the last 10 years changes in the Government's agenda for medicines management and improved patient safety have resulted in unprecedented calls for the provision of mental health pharmacy services. This has not been reflected in pharmacy workforce planning or budgets. We aim to ascertain pharmacy staffing levels in Mental Health Trusts and whether supply of medicines and delivery of clinical pharmacy services are at an appropriate level. All Chief/Lead Pharmacists for Mental Health Trusts in England were sent a questionnaire. Follow-up was done twice by e-mail at 2-week intervals. The response rate was 48% (n = 38 usable questionnaires), and results showed that many Trusts were providing little more than a basic supply service. Pharmacy services equating with risk-management were often provided on an ad hoc basis. Staffing levels were reported as insufficient, with mainly part-time staff. A basic pharmacy ward visit was only offered by 60.8% (n = 14/23; not all participants answered all questions) of respondents, at the 100% level (i.e. a daily service). Six of 31 respondents receiving pharmaceutical services from external organisations reported no formal signed agreements with the external provider. The increasing emphasis on community-based mental health teams, while still retaining on-site provision and Department of Health initiatives to improve patient safety via medicines management, has placed great strain on mental health pharmacy services. The resultant pharmaceutical input from external drivers is not reflected in appropriate pharmacy staffing levels. The results raise some serious governance issues.
Objective To describe the ways in which members of the public with a chronic condition were invol... more Objective To describe the ways in which members of the public with a chronic condition were involved as advisors in a research project exploring pharmacist supplementary prescribing. The primary objective was to be able to reflect upon the benefits and difficulties of this approach so that the patient perspective can be accommodated more fully in future research. Setting University of Bath. Method Ten individuals were recruited from two clinical areas: a diabetes support group and a chronic lung disease group. None of the individuals had ever seen, or heard of, a pharmacist supplementary prescriber. They joined two members of the research team at each of six meetings held over a period of one year. This paper presents an ethnographic approach to the accounts of these meetings and reflects on the involvement of patients as members of the research team. Key findings Initially, the group was unaware of pharmacist prescribing and expressed a range of concerns. After gaining an understan...
In the last 10 years changes in the Government&am... more In the last 10 years changes in the Government's agenda for medicines management and improved patient safety have resulted in unprecedented calls for the provision of mental health pharmacy services. This has not been reflected in pharmacy workforce planning or budgets. We aim to ascertain pharmacy staffing levels in Mental Health Trusts and whether supply of medicines and delivery of clinical pharmacy services are at an appropriate level. All Chief/Lead Pharmacists for Mental Health Trusts in England were sent a questionnaire. Follow-up was done twice by e-mail at 2-week intervals. The response rate was 48% (n = 38 usable questionnaires), and results showed that many Trusts were providing little more than a basic supply service. Pharmacy services equating with risk-management were often provided on an ad hoc basis. Staffing levels were reported as insufficient, with mainly part-time staff. A basic pharmacy ward visit was only offered by 60.8% (n = 14/23; not all participants answered all questions) of respondents, at the 100% level (i.e. a daily service). Six of 31 respondents receiving pharmaceutical services from external organisations reported no formal signed agreements with the external provider. The increasing emphasis on community-based mental health teams, while still retaining on-site provision and Department of Health initiatives to improve patient safety via medicines management, has placed great strain on mental health pharmacy services. The resultant pharmaceutical input from external drivers is not reflected in appropriate pharmacy staffing levels. The results raise some serious governance issues.
To compare sole nurse and doctor-led multidisciplinary team delivery of community clozapine servi... more To compare sole nurse and doctor-led multidisciplinary team delivery of community clozapine services for people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Around 20% of people with schizophrenia are treatment resistant and fail to respond to front line medications. Clozapine, a second-line treatment, has potentially serious side effects requiring regular monitoring. Different models of community clozapine services are emerging in the British National Health Service, but there is little evidence about which is best. Questionnaire survey of service users. All patients on the lists of seven clozapine clinics (four sole nurse, three multidisciplinary team) in one trust were invited to participate, 2009-2010. Forward stepwise regression was used to investigate associations between patient well-being, functioning, self-efficacy and satisfaction, and clinic model attended, controlling for socio-demographic and health characteristics and processes of care. Use (and costs) of other health and s...
Exploring Innovation in ... Case Study Methodology as a useful methodology for exploring the view... more Exploring Innovation in ... Case Study Methodology as a useful methodology for exploring the views of ... Case study methodology can be used as a creative alternative to traditional approaches to description, emphasising the patient's perspective as being central to the process. ...
This paper investigates the potential threat to medical dominance posed by the addition of pharma... more This paper investigates the potential threat to medical dominance posed by the addition of pharmacists as prescribers in the UK. It explores the role of prescribing as an indicator of professional power, the legitimacy and status of new pharmacist prescribers and the forces influencing professional jurisdictional claims over the task of prescribing. It draws upon 23 interviews with pharmacist supplementary prescribers. Data suggest that the legitimacy of pharmacists as prescribers, as experienced in the workplace, has been aided by: (1) blurred definitions of prescribing; (2) the emphasis on new prescribers' competence urging pharmacist prescribers to limit their areas of clinical practice; and (3) a team approach to patient management. Competence, self-limitation on practice and the benefits of team working as part of the ideology of patient safety were thus an important influence on pharmacists' jurisdictional claim over prescribing. While pharmacists have successfully negotiated a role for themselves as prescribers, medicine has retained its high status, relative to other health professionals and with patients; it controls the knowledge base relevant for prescribing practice and has managed to develop an 'overseer' role over the process of prescribing. Prescribing, as an indicator of medicine's autonomy of control over their work and professional status, has changed. Yet the extent to which new prescribers have been able to threaten the professional dominance of medicine is debatable.
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Papers by Jane Sutton