High dose ferric citrate supplementation attenuated n-3 PUFAs biosynthesis in rats with HFD-induc... more High dose ferric citrate supplementation attenuated n-3 PUFAs biosynthesis in rats with HFD-induced obesity via downregulating Δ-6 and Δ-5 desaturases. Decreased n-3 PUFAs and the converting enzymes were correlated with levels of liver iron and MDA.
Publisher Summary The methods available for determination of riboflavin include animal, chemical,... more Publisher Summary The methods available for determination of riboflavin include animal, chemical, and microbiological bioassays. Initially, the animal assay was the standard method. This assay is the most expensive, time-consuming, and the least accurate of the methods available. The main advantage of this method is that it reflects riboflavin bioavailability. Spectrophotometric measurement of riboflavin is often satisfactory for assaying fairly pure preparations if the concentration is sufficient as in some pharmaceutical products. Because of its low sensitivity and ease of interference from other absorbing materials, it is not the method of choice for biological materials and foods. The fluorometric method has much greater sensitivity and is probably the most commonly used method for the determination of riboflavin. Because of its high sensitivity, it is applicable to many foods and biological materials. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is an accurate, sensitive, and quick method but requires expensive equipment. This chapter proposes a simple, precise, and low-cost procedure for urinary riboflavin determination using reversed-phase (RP) open-column chromatography. Analytical results using the open column were compared to those obtained using the traditional method and HPLC.
Clinical evidence suggests that a bidirectional relationship is present between sleep loss and ps... more Clinical evidence suggests that a bidirectional relationship is present between sleep loss and psychiatric disorders.
To determine whether the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arach... more To determine whether the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (AA), total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and total n-6 PUFAs were changed in patients with dementia or predementia syndrome. PubMed was searched for studies from first date available to July 2011 using the following search terms: (dementia OR cognitive impairment OR mild cognitive impairment) AND (omega-3 OR omega-6 OR polyunsaturated fatty acid OR docosahexaenoic acid OR DHA OR eicosapentaenoic acid OR EPA). The search was limited to literature in English and to human studies. The references of relevant articles and review articles were searched for citations not indexed in PubMed. Studies were included if they measured levels of EPA, DHA, AA, total n-3 PUFAs, or total n-6 PUFAs from peripheral blood tissues in subjects with cognitive deficits (dementia or predementia syndrome) and elderly controls and were published in peer-reviewed journals. The search yielded 10 articles including 2,280 subjects. The study design, sample size, PUFA levels for both patients and control subjects, sampling tissue, diagnoses and diagnostic criteria for cognitive deficits, and distribution of mean age and gender of included subjects were extracted for each study. In a random-effects model, we found that the levels of EPA (effect size [ES] = -0.47, P < .0001), DHA (ES = -0.33, P = .017), and total n-3 PUFAs (ES = -0.46, P = .001) were decreased in patients with dementia. However, the levels of EPA (ES = -0.44, P = .002), but not DHA or other PUFAs, were significantly lower in patients with predementia syndrome. Our results support the important role of n-3 PUFAs in the pathophysiology of dementia. In addition, the analyses of predementia studies indicate that EPA might be not only a disease-state marker but also a risk factor for cognitive impairment.
Fish oil-based diet reduced anxiety and depression behavior in rats under chronic SD. Possibly du... more Fish oil-based diet reduced anxiety and depression behavior in rats under chronic SD. Possibly due to increase in probiotics production, butyric acid content and GPR43, improvement in the intestinal barriers and decrease in blood circulation proinflammatory status.
Eccentric contraction can easily cause muscle damage and an inflammatory response, which reduces ... more Eccentric contraction can easily cause muscle damage and an inflammatory response, which reduces the efficiency of muscle contraction. Resveratrol causes anti-inflammatory effects in muscles, accelerates muscle repair, and promotes exercise performance after contusion recovery. However, whether resveratrol provides the same benefits for sports injuries caused by eccentric contraction is unknown. Thus, we explored the effects of resveratrol on inflammation and energy metabolism. In this study, mice were divided into four groups: a control group, an exercise group (EX), an exercise with low-dose resveratrol group (EX + RES25), and an exercise with high-dose resveratrol group (EX + RES150). The results of an exhaustion test showed that the time before exhaustion of the EX + RES150 group was greater than that of the EX group. Tumour necrosis factor-α (Tnfα) mRNA expression was lower in the EX + RES150 group than in the EX group. The energy utilisation of the EX + RES150 group was greate...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022
Besides massive body weight loss, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) causes massive lean mass,... more Besides massive body weight loss, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) causes massive lean mass, including fat-free mass (FFM) and skeletal muscle mass (SM) that present higher metabolic rates in males. This study examines sex differences in FFM and SM changes of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remission at 12 months post-LSG. This cohort study recruited 119 patients (53.7% females) with T2D and obesity (body mass index 42.2 ± 7.0 kg/m2) who underwent LSG. Fat-mass (FM) loss was higher in males than in females (−12.8 ± 6.2% vs. −9.9 ± 5.0%, p = 0.02) after one-year post-operation. Regardless of the weight-loss difference, males had higher FFM and SM gain than did females (12.8 ± 8.0 vs. 9.9 ± 5.0% p = 0.02 and 6.5 ± 4.3% vs. 4.9 ± 6.2%, p = 0.03, respectively). Positive correlations of triglyceride reduction with FM loss (r = 0.47, p = 0.01) and SM gain (r = 0.44, p = 0.02) over 12 months post-operation were observed in males who achieved T2D remission. The T2D remission rate significantly i...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third-leading cause of mortality globally, si... more Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third-leading cause of mortality globally, significantly affecting people over 40 years old. COPD is often comorbid with mood disorders; however, they are frequently neglected or undiagnosed in COPD management, thus resulting in unintended treatment outcomes and higher mortality associated with the disease. Although the exact link between COPD and mood disorders remains to be ascertained, there is a broader opinion that inflammatory reactions in the lungs, blood, and inflammation-induced changes in the brain could orchestrate the onset of mood disorders in COPD. Although the current management of mood disorders such as depression in COPD involves using antidepressants, their use has been limited due to tolerability issues. On the other hand, as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) play a vital role in regulating inflammatory responses, they could be promising alternatives in managing mood disorders in COPD. This review d...
High dose ferric citrate supplementation attenuated n-3 PUFAs biosynthesis in rats with HFD-induc... more High dose ferric citrate supplementation attenuated n-3 PUFAs biosynthesis in rats with HFD-induced obesity via downregulating Δ-6 and Δ-5 desaturases. Decreased n-3 PUFAs and the converting enzymes were correlated with levels of liver iron and MDA.
Publisher Summary The methods available for determination of riboflavin include animal, chemical,... more Publisher Summary The methods available for determination of riboflavin include animal, chemical, and microbiological bioassays. Initially, the animal assay was the standard method. This assay is the most expensive, time-consuming, and the least accurate of the methods available. The main advantage of this method is that it reflects riboflavin bioavailability. Spectrophotometric measurement of riboflavin is often satisfactory for assaying fairly pure preparations if the concentration is sufficient as in some pharmaceutical products. Because of its low sensitivity and ease of interference from other absorbing materials, it is not the method of choice for biological materials and foods. The fluorometric method has much greater sensitivity and is probably the most commonly used method for the determination of riboflavin. Because of its high sensitivity, it is applicable to many foods and biological materials. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is an accurate, sensitive, and quick method but requires expensive equipment. This chapter proposes a simple, precise, and low-cost procedure for urinary riboflavin determination using reversed-phase (RP) open-column chromatography. Analytical results using the open column were compared to those obtained using the traditional method and HPLC.
Clinical evidence suggests that a bidirectional relationship is present between sleep loss and ps... more Clinical evidence suggests that a bidirectional relationship is present between sleep loss and psychiatric disorders.
To determine whether the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arach... more To determine whether the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (AA), total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and total n-6 PUFAs were changed in patients with dementia or predementia syndrome. PubMed was searched for studies from first date available to July 2011 using the following search terms: (dementia OR cognitive impairment OR mild cognitive impairment) AND (omega-3 OR omega-6 OR polyunsaturated fatty acid OR docosahexaenoic acid OR DHA OR eicosapentaenoic acid OR EPA). The search was limited to literature in English and to human studies. The references of relevant articles and review articles were searched for citations not indexed in PubMed. Studies were included if they measured levels of EPA, DHA, AA, total n-3 PUFAs, or total n-6 PUFAs from peripheral blood tissues in subjects with cognitive deficits (dementia or predementia syndrome) and elderly controls and were published in peer-reviewed journals. The search yielded 10 articles including 2,280 subjects. The study design, sample size, PUFA levels for both patients and control subjects, sampling tissue, diagnoses and diagnostic criteria for cognitive deficits, and distribution of mean age and gender of included subjects were extracted for each study. In a random-effects model, we found that the levels of EPA (effect size [ES] = -0.47, P < .0001), DHA (ES = -0.33, P = .017), and total n-3 PUFAs (ES = -0.46, P = .001) were decreased in patients with dementia. However, the levels of EPA (ES = -0.44, P = .002), but not DHA or other PUFAs, were significantly lower in patients with predementia syndrome. Our results support the important role of n-3 PUFAs in the pathophysiology of dementia. In addition, the analyses of predementia studies indicate that EPA might be not only a disease-state marker but also a risk factor for cognitive impairment.
Fish oil-based diet reduced anxiety and depression behavior in rats under chronic SD. Possibly du... more Fish oil-based diet reduced anxiety and depression behavior in rats under chronic SD. Possibly due to increase in probiotics production, butyric acid content and GPR43, improvement in the intestinal barriers and decrease in blood circulation proinflammatory status.
Eccentric contraction can easily cause muscle damage and an inflammatory response, which reduces ... more Eccentric contraction can easily cause muscle damage and an inflammatory response, which reduces the efficiency of muscle contraction. Resveratrol causes anti-inflammatory effects in muscles, accelerates muscle repair, and promotes exercise performance after contusion recovery. However, whether resveratrol provides the same benefits for sports injuries caused by eccentric contraction is unknown. Thus, we explored the effects of resveratrol on inflammation and energy metabolism. In this study, mice were divided into four groups: a control group, an exercise group (EX), an exercise with low-dose resveratrol group (EX + RES25), and an exercise with high-dose resveratrol group (EX + RES150). The results of an exhaustion test showed that the time before exhaustion of the EX + RES150 group was greater than that of the EX group. Tumour necrosis factor-α (Tnfα) mRNA expression was lower in the EX + RES150 group than in the EX group. The energy utilisation of the EX + RES150 group was greate...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022
Besides massive body weight loss, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) causes massive lean mass,... more Besides massive body weight loss, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) causes massive lean mass, including fat-free mass (FFM) and skeletal muscle mass (SM) that present higher metabolic rates in males. This study examines sex differences in FFM and SM changes of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remission at 12 months post-LSG. This cohort study recruited 119 patients (53.7% females) with T2D and obesity (body mass index 42.2 ± 7.0 kg/m2) who underwent LSG. Fat-mass (FM) loss was higher in males than in females (−12.8 ± 6.2% vs. −9.9 ± 5.0%, p = 0.02) after one-year post-operation. Regardless of the weight-loss difference, males had higher FFM and SM gain than did females (12.8 ± 8.0 vs. 9.9 ± 5.0% p = 0.02 and 6.5 ± 4.3% vs. 4.9 ± 6.2%, p = 0.03, respectively). Positive correlations of triglyceride reduction with FM loss (r = 0.47, p = 0.01) and SM gain (r = 0.44, p = 0.02) over 12 months post-operation were observed in males who achieved T2D remission. The T2D remission rate significantly i...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third-leading cause of mortality globally, si... more Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third-leading cause of mortality globally, significantly affecting people over 40 years old. COPD is often comorbid with mood disorders; however, they are frequently neglected or undiagnosed in COPD management, thus resulting in unintended treatment outcomes and higher mortality associated with the disease. Although the exact link between COPD and mood disorders remains to be ascertained, there is a broader opinion that inflammatory reactions in the lungs, blood, and inflammation-induced changes in the brain could orchestrate the onset of mood disorders in COPD. Although the current management of mood disorders such as depression in COPD involves using antidepressants, their use has been limited due to tolerability issues. On the other hand, as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) play a vital role in regulating inflammatory responses, they could be promising alternatives in managing mood disorders in COPD. This review d...
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