The present study was undertaken to while buffaloes in fi rst parity were least affected by the t... more The present study was undertaken to while buffaloes in fi rst parity were least affected by the two conditions. The prevalence of both conditions was higher in organised dairy farms than the unorganised dairy units. Of the diagnostic tests utilised for SCH, estimation of serum calcium levels was found superior to the Sulkowitch test while for SCK, estimation of blood ketones was found superior to Rothera's test and the urine dip stick test.
The present communication reports a case of microfilariosis in a she buffalo with an unusual sign... more The present communication reports a case of microfilariosis in a she buffalo with an unusual sign of epistaxis and its successful clinical management. A she buffalo in its 3 rd lactation was brought to the clinic with a history of profuse bilateral nasal bleeding and swollen udder in the right quarters, reduced appetite and dullness for 4 days. No response to therapy was observed even after 3 days of treatment. The signs aggravated further with haemogalactia, pale conjunctival mucous membranes and edema of the brisket region. Examination of wet blood film revealed no haemoprotozoans. Whole blood examination by modified Knott's method revealed the presence of filarial worms. Hematological examination by standard techniques (Benjamin, 2001) revealed hemoglobin 6 g/dl, PCV 20%, polymorphs 38%, lymphocytes 57%, eosinophils 5%, basophils 0% and monocytes 0%. To alleviate the signs of anemia, blood transfusion was undertaken as a supportive therapy. Blood was collected in 3.8% sodium...
A two month old pup presented with the history of head shaking, intense pruritus revealed crustin... more A two month old pup presented with the history of head shaking, intense pruritus revealed crusting lesions with alopecia over the pinnal margins and conspicuous brownish ear discharge on clinical examination. Pinnal pedal reflex was found positive however, Sarcoptes scabei mange infection was confirmed by microscopic examination of pinnal scrapings. In addition cytological examination of otic discharge revealed Malassezia and bacterial organisms. The owner also reported intense pruritus and had small papules due to the zoonotic spread of the infection. Therapy was initiated with 0.25% fipronil pump solution @ 2ml/ kg body weight twice weekly for Sarcoptes and ear drops with the combination of clotrimazole and ofloxacin were used for the treatment of mixed otitis externa. Shampoo with ketoconazole and chlorhexixne was advised for bathing. After the onset of treatment, the condition started improvement within one week and full recovery was seen after 21 days. The owner also got treatm...
The present study was undertaken to while buffaloes in fi rst parity were least affected by the t... more The present study was undertaken to while buffaloes in fi rst parity were least affected by the two conditions. The prevalence of both conditions was higher in organised dairy farms than the unorganised dairy units. Of the diagnostic tests utilised for SCH, estimation of serum calcium levels was found superior to the Sulkowitch test while for SCK, estimation of blood ketones was found superior to Rothera's test and the urine dip stick test.
The present communication reports a case of microfilariosis in a she buffalo with an unusual sign... more The present communication reports a case of microfilariosis in a she buffalo with an unusual sign of epistaxis and its successful clinical management. A she buffalo in its 3 rd lactation was brought to the clinic with a history of profuse bilateral nasal bleeding and swollen udder in the right quarters, reduced appetite and dullness for 4 days. No response to therapy was observed even after 3 days of treatment. The signs aggravated further with haemogalactia, pale conjunctival mucous membranes and edema of the brisket region. Examination of wet blood film revealed no haemoprotozoans. Whole blood examination by modified Knott's method revealed the presence of filarial worms. Hematological examination by standard techniques (Benjamin, 2001) revealed hemoglobin 6 g/dl, PCV 20%, polymorphs 38%, lymphocytes 57%, eosinophils 5%, basophils 0% and monocytes 0%. To alleviate the signs of anemia, blood transfusion was undertaken as a supportive therapy. Blood was collected in 3.8% sodium...
A two month old pup presented with the history of head shaking, intense pruritus revealed crustin... more A two month old pup presented with the history of head shaking, intense pruritus revealed crusting lesions with alopecia over the pinnal margins and conspicuous brownish ear discharge on clinical examination. Pinnal pedal reflex was found positive however, Sarcoptes scabei mange infection was confirmed by microscopic examination of pinnal scrapings. In addition cytological examination of otic discharge revealed Malassezia and bacterial organisms. The owner also reported intense pruritus and had small papules due to the zoonotic spread of the infection. Therapy was initiated with 0.25% fipronil pump solution @ 2ml/ kg body weight twice weekly for Sarcoptes and ear drops with the combination of clotrimazole and ofloxacin were used for the treatment of mixed otitis externa. Shampoo with ketoconazole and chlorhexixne was advised for bathing. After the onset of treatment, the condition started improvement within one week and full recovery was seen after 21 days. The owner also got treatm...
A four month old Poodle pup was presented with the history of head shaking, ear scratching, itchi... more A four month old Poodle pup was presented with the history of head shaking, ear scratching, itching and moist lesions with alopecia. Swab samples of the otic discharge revealed demodectic mites in one ear and Otodectes cynotis mite along with demodectic mites in another ear. Cytological examination of the otic discharge revealed Malassezia organisms. Skin scrapings and hair plucks revealed demodectic mites. Glass slide impression smears of the moist skin lesions revealed numerous cocci indicating pyoderma. Hence, the pup was treated with oral ivermectin solution @ 300 – 600 μg/kg body weight daily, cefpodoxomine with clavulanic acid @ 5mg/kg body weight once orally daily, clotrimazole ear drops @ 3 drops twice a day. Benzoyl peroxide shampoo was advised for bathing. As a result, otitis externa was cleared by 21 days, while pyoderma and generalized demodicosis by 28 and 42 days respectively.
A four month old Poodle pup was presented with the history of head shaking, ear scratching, itchi... more A four month old Poodle pup was presented with the history of head shaking, ear scratching, itching and moist lesions with alopecia. Swab samples of the otic discharge revealed demodectic mites in one ear and Otodectes cynotis mite along with demodectic mites in another ear. Cytological examination of the otic discharge revealed Malassezia organisms. Skin scrapings and hair plucks revealed demodectic mites. Glass slide impression smears of the moist skin lesions revealed numerous cocci indicating pyoderma. Hence, the pup was treated with oral ivermectin solution @ 300 – 600 μg/kg body weight daily, cefpodoxomine with clavulanic acid @ 5mg/kg body weight once orally daily, clotrimazole ear drops @ 3 drops twice a day. Benzoyl peroxide shampoo was advised for bathing. As a result, otitis externa was cleared by 21 days, while pyoderma and generalized demodicosis by 28 and 42 days respectively.
The prevalence of parasitic otitis among buffaloes was 70.48 percent (with 117/166 of ears having... more The prevalence of parasitic otitis among buffaloes was 70.48 percent (with 117/166 of ears having clinical otitis with parasite presence). Among the parasites, Stephanofilaria sp., Onchocerca sp., Rhabditis sp. and Railletia auris were obtained from 32.47, 5.98, 5.13 and 40.17 percent of ears, respectively. All were infested ears with parasitic otitis responded to Ivermectin treatment.
An adult camel was presented with history of pruritic lesions, loss of hair and swollen, hardened... more An adult camel was presented with history of pruritic lesions, loss of hair and swollen, hardened and wrinkled skin, especially in hindquarters, thigh and hock joint areas. Confirmation of scabies was done by microscopic examination of skin scrapings. The animal was treated with Ivermectin @ 200 μg/kg b.wt. with two treatments, fifteen days apart.
Malassezia otitis externa was diagnosed in 8 dogs (12 ears) with clinical signs like head shaking... more Malassezia otitis externa was diagnosed in 8 dogs (12 ears) with clinical signs like head shaking, ear scratching and abnormally excessive brownish ear discharges (in majority) through roll swab cytology. Video-otoscopy performed in 4 dogs revealed ceruminous secretions in 3 ears and excessive hair in external ear canal of 4 ears that was not visible grossly. Affected dogs revealed eosinophilia and normal serum biochemical parameters. Dogs were treated with Clotrimazole otic drops after proper ear cleaning. Clinical recovery was 100% ranging from 7–21 days. Underlying causes observed in the present investigation were Aspergillosis and glandular disorders, prolonging the recovery.
Video-otoscopy was performed in 11 otitic ears of 6 dogs (1 unilateral, 5 bilateral) to visualize... more Video-otoscopy was performed in 11 otitic ears of 6 dogs (1 unilateral, 5 bilateral) to visualize the external ear canal. The findings included purulent (4 ears) and ceruminous (3 ears) secretions in external ear canal that were not abundant grossly, ulceration of external ear canal in 3 ears and excessive hair in external ear canal (4 ears). Insipissated pus was observed in 1 ear canal out of the 4 purulent ears.
A three-year-old Nellore Jodipi ram was presented to small ruminant ward, Department of Veterinar... more A three-year-old Nellore Jodipi ram was presented to small ruminant ward, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati with inappetence, dullness and profuse nasal discharge for one week. Haemato-biochemical examination revealed moderate anemia and leukocytosis. The animal was treated with parenteral and intranasal antimicrobial therapy for 3 days along with respiratory stimulants. Despite the medical management and supportive therapy animal was succumbed after three days. Upon detailed postmortem investigation of the carcass, lesions of ovine pulmonary adenoma were found in the lungs and were confirmed by histopathological examination and Oestrus ovis larvae were found in the lung tissue.
Infectious keratoconjunctivitis is a highly contagious ocular infection affecting domestic and wi... more Infectious keratoconjunctivitis is a highly contagious ocular infection affecting domestic and wild ruminants transmitted by flies. The condition is caused by various bacteria and is characterized by epiphora, conjunctival inflammation, pigmental areas on the cornea, photophobia, blepherospasm and corneal ulcerations Keywords: keratoconjunctivitis, clinicopathology, therapeutic aspects, buffalo HISTORY AND OBSERVATIONS The cases which were reported to the clinic with the history of excessive lacrimation, corneal opacity, photophobia, corneal ulcers, partial to complete blindness over a period of 2-4 days. Close clinical observations revealed severe conjunctivitis, corneal edema, thickened cornea, whitish yellow opacity on center of cornea, followed by corneal ulceration, mucopurulent ocular discharges. The affected eyes were either unilateral or bilateral. The clinical parameters were within the normal limits with no change in appetite or defecation. Samples were collected using sep...
The present study was undertaken to while buffaloes in fi rst parity were least affected by the t... more The present study was undertaken to while buffaloes in fi rst parity were least affected by the two conditions. The prevalence of both conditions was higher in organised dairy farms than the unorganised dairy units. Of the diagnostic tests utilised for SCH, estimation of serum calcium levels was found superior to the Sulkowitch test while for SCK, estimation of blood ketones was found superior to Rothera's test and the urine dip stick test.
The present communication reports a case of microfilariosis in a she buffalo with an unusual sign... more The present communication reports a case of microfilariosis in a she buffalo with an unusual sign of epistaxis and its successful clinical management. A she buffalo in its 3 rd lactation was brought to the clinic with a history of profuse bilateral nasal bleeding and swollen udder in the right quarters, reduced appetite and dullness for 4 days. No response to therapy was observed even after 3 days of treatment. The signs aggravated further with haemogalactia, pale conjunctival mucous membranes and edema of the brisket region. Examination of wet blood film revealed no haemoprotozoans. Whole blood examination by modified Knott's method revealed the presence of filarial worms. Hematological examination by standard techniques (Benjamin, 2001) revealed hemoglobin 6 g/dl, PCV 20%, polymorphs 38%, lymphocytes 57%, eosinophils 5%, basophils 0% and monocytes 0%. To alleviate the signs of anemia, blood transfusion was undertaken as a supportive therapy. Blood was collected in 3.8% sodium...
A two month old pup presented with the history of head shaking, intense pruritus revealed crustin... more A two month old pup presented with the history of head shaking, intense pruritus revealed crusting lesions with alopecia over the pinnal margins and conspicuous brownish ear discharge on clinical examination. Pinnal pedal reflex was found positive however, Sarcoptes scabei mange infection was confirmed by microscopic examination of pinnal scrapings. In addition cytological examination of otic discharge revealed Malassezia and bacterial organisms. The owner also reported intense pruritus and had small papules due to the zoonotic spread of the infection. Therapy was initiated with 0.25% fipronil pump solution @ 2ml/ kg body weight twice weekly for Sarcoptes and ear drops with the combination of clotrimazole and ofloxacin were used for the treatment of mixed otitis externa. Shampoo with ketoconazole and chlorhexixne was advised for bathing. After the onset of treatment, the condition started improvement within one week and full recovery was seen after 21 days. The owner also got treatm...
The present study was undertaken to while buffaloes in fi rst parity were least affected by the t... more The present study was undertaken to while buffaloes in fi rst parity were least affected by the two conditions. The prevalence of both conditions was higher in organised dairy farms than the unorganised dairy units. Of the diagnostic tests utilised for SCH, estimation of serum calcium levels was found superior to the Sulkowitch test while for SCK, estimation of blood ketones was found superior to Rothera's test and the urine dip stick test.
The present communication reports a case of microfilariosis in a she buffalo with an unusual sign... more The present communication reports a case of microfilariosis in a she buffalo with an unusual sign of epistaxis and its successful clinical management. A she buffalo in its 3 rd lactation was brought to the clinic with a history of profuse bilateral nasal bleeding and swollen udder in the right quarters, reduced appetite and dullness for 4 days. No response to therapy was observed even after 3 days of treatment. The signs aggravated further with haemogalactia, pale conjunctival mucous membranes and edema of the brisket region. Examination of wet blood film revealed no haemoprotozoans. Whole blood examination by modified Knott's method revealed the presence of filarial worms. Hematological examination by standard techniques (Benjamin, 2001) revealed hemoglobin 6 g/dl, PCV 20%, polymorphs 38%, lymphocytes 57%, eosinophils 5%, basophils 0% and monocytes 0%. To alleviate the signs of anemia, blood transfusion was undertaken as a supportive therapy. Blood was collected in 3.8% sodium...
A two month old pup presented with the history of head shaking, intense pruritus revealed crustin... more A two month old pup presented with the history of head shaking, intense pruritus revealed crusting lesions with alopecia over the pinnal margins and conspicuous brownish ear discharge on clinical examination. Pinnal pedal reflex was found positive however, Sarcoptes scabei mange infection was confirmed by microscopic examination of pinnal scrapings. In addition cytological examination of otic discharge revealed Malassezia and bacterial organisms. The owner also reported intense pruritus and had small papules due to the zoonotic spread of the infection. Therapy was initiated with 0.25% fipronil pump solution @ 2ml/ kg body weight twice weekly for Sarcoptes and ear drops with the combination of clotrimazole and ofloxacin were used for the treatment of mixed otitis externa. Shampoo with ketoconazole and chlorhexixne was advised for bathing. After the onset of treatment, the condition started improvement within one week and full recovery was seen after 21 days. The owner also got treatm...
A four month old Poodle pup was presented with the history of head shaking, ear scratching, itchi... more A four month old Poodle pup was presented with the history of head shaking, ear scratching, itching and moist lesions with alopecia. Swab samples of the otic discharge revealed demodectic mites in one ear and Otodectes cynotis mite along with demodectic mites in another ear. Cytological examination of the otic discharge revealed Malassezia organisms. Skin scrapings and hair plucks revealed demodectic mites. Glass slide impression smears of the moist skin lesions revealed numerous cocci indicating pyoderma. Hence, the pup was treated with oral ivermectin solution @ 300 – 600 μg/kg body weight daily, cefpodoxomine with clavulanic acid @ 5mg/kg body weight once orally daily, clotrimazole ear drops @ 3 drops twice a day. Benzoyl peroxide shampoo was advised for bathing. As a result, otitis externa was cleared by 21 days, while pyoderma and generalized demodicosis by 28 and 42 days respectively.
A four month old Poodle pup was presented with the history of head shaking, ear scratching, itchi... more A four month old Poodle pup was presented with the history of head shaking, ear scratching, itching and moist lesions with alopecia. Swab samples of the otic discharge revealed demodectic mites in one ear and Otodectes cynotis mite along with demodectic mites in another ear. Cytological examination of the otic discharge revealed Malassezia organisms. Skin scrapings and hair plucks revealed demodectic mites. Glass slide impression smears of the moist skin lesions revealed numerous cocci indicating pyoderma. Hence, the pup was treated with oral ivermectin solution @ 300 – 600 μg/kg body weight daily, cefpodoxomine with clavulanic acid @ 5mg/kg body weight once orally daily, clotrimazole ear drops @ 3 drops twice a day. Benzoyl peroxide shampoo was advised for bathing. As a result, otitis externa was cleared by 21 days, while pyoderma and generalized demodicosis by 28 and 42 days respectively.
The prevalence of parasitic otitis among buffaloes was 70.48 percent (with 117/166 of ears having... more The prevalence of parasitic otitis among buffaloes was 70.48 percent (with 117/166 of ears having clinical otitis with parasite presence). Among the parasites, Stephanofilaria sp., Onchocerca sp., Rhabditis sp. and Railletia auris were obtained from 32.47, 5.98, 5.13 and 40.17 percent of ears, respectively. All were infested ears with parasitic otitis responded to Ivermectin treatment.
An adult camel was presented with history of pruritic lesions, loss of hair and swollen, hardened... more An adult camel was presented with history of pruritic lesions, loss of hair and swollen, hardened and wrinkled skin, especially in hindquarters, thigh and hock joint areas. Confirmation of scabies was done by microscopic examination of skin scrapings. The animal was treated with Ivermectin @ 200 μg/kg b.wt. with two treatments, fifteen days apart.
Malassezia otitis externa was diagnosed in 8 dogs (12 ears) with clinical signs like head shaking... more Malassezia otitis externa was diagnosed in 8 dogs (12 ears) with clinical signs like head shaking, ear scratching and abnormally excessive brownish ear discharges (in majority) through roll swab cytology. Video-otoscopy performed in 4 dogs revealed ceruminous secretions in 3 ears and excessive hair in external ear canal of 4 ears that was not visible grossly. Affected dogs revealed eosinophilia and normal serum biochemical parameters. Dogs were treated with Clotrimazole otic drops after proper ear cleaning. Clinical recovery was 100% ranging from 7–21 days. Underlying causes observed in the present investigation were Aspergillosis and glandular disorders, prolonging the recovery.
Video-otoscopy was performed in 11 otitic ears of 6 dogs (1 unilateral, 5 bilateral) to visualize... more Video-otoscopy was performed in 11 otitic ears of 6 dogs (1 unilateral, 5 bilateral) to visualize the external ear canal. The findings included purulent (4 ears) and ceruminous (3 ears) secretions in external ear canal that were not abundant grossly, ulceration of external ear canal in 3 ears and excessive hair in external ear canal (4 ears). Insipissated pus was observed in 1 ear canal out of the 4 purulent ears.
A three-year-old Nellore Jodipi ram was presented to small ruminant ward, Department of Veterinar... more A three-year-old Nellore Jodipi ram was presented to small ruminant ward, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati with inappetence, dullness and profuse nasal discharge for one week. Haemato-biochemical examination revealed moderate anemia and leukocytosis. The animal was treated with parenteral and intranasal antimicrobial therapy for 3 days along with respiratory stimulants. Despite the medical management and supportive therapy animal was succumbed after three days. Upon detailed postmortem investigation of the carcass, lesions of ovine pulmonary adenoma were found in the lungs and were confirmed by histopathological examination and Oestrus ovis larvae were found in the lung tissue.
Infectious keratoconjunctivitis is a highly contagious ocular infection affecting domestic and wi... more Infectious keratoconjunctivitis is a highly contagious ocular infection affecting domestic and wild ruminants transmitted by flies. The condition is caused by various bacteria and is characterized by epiphora, conjunctival inflammation, pigmental areas on the cornea, photophobia, blepherospasm and corneal ulcerations Keywords: keratoconjunctivitis, clinicopathology, therapeutic aspects, buffalo HISTORY AND OBSERVATIONS The cases which were reported to the clinic with the history of excessive lacrimation, corneal opacity, photophobia, corneal ulcers, partial to complete blindness over a period of 2-4 days. Close clinical observations revealed severe conjunctivitis, corneal edema, thickened cornea, whitish yellow opacity on center of cornea, followed by corneal ulceration, mucopurulent ocular discharges. The affected eyes were either unilateral or bilateral. The clinical parameters were within the normal limits with no change in appetite or defecation. Samples were collected using sep...
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