<p>Urban territories collect many types of geochemical and physico-... more <p>Urban territories collect many types of geochemical and physico-chemical data relative to, e.g., soil quality or soil functions. Such data may serve for various purposes like verifying the compatibility with current or future uses, defining (pedo)geochemical backgrounds, establishing levels of exposure to soil pollutants, identifying management options for polluted sites or for excavated soils, verifying the evolution of infiltration ponds, assessing carbon storage, etc. They may also serve to prioritize soil functions and associated ecosystem services such as, e.g., soil fertility, surface and groundwater storage or supply, purification of infiltrated rainwater, etc. Gathering such data in national databases and making them available to stakeholders raises many issues that are technical, legal and social.  Should all of the data be made available or only selected portions? How can access and reuse of the data be ensured in a legal fashion? Are statistical and geostatistical methods able to deal with data from heterogeneous origins, allowing their reuse for other purposes than the initial one? In this context, it is necessary to take into account scientific as well as practical considerations and to collect the societal needs of end-users like urban planners.</p><p> </p><p>To illustrate the complexity of these issues and ways to address them, we propose to share the French experience:</p><ul><li>on gathering urban soil geochemical data in the French national database BDSolU. We will present how this database was created, the choices made in relation with the national context, the difficulties encountered, and the questions that are still open.</li> <li>on a new interrogation system linking agricultural and urban soil databases (DoneSol and BDSolU), which have different requirements, and the corresponding standards. Such linkage based on interoperability is important in the context of changes of soil use, with for example agricultural soils becoming urbanised soils, or soils from brownfields intended for gardening. It is also necessary to ensure a territorial continuity for users.</li> </ul><p>The objective is to define a robust and standardised methodology for database conceptualisation, sharing and final use by stakeholders including scientists</p>
Simplification of INSPIRE at its point of use will be achieved, among other, through the availabi... more Simplification of INSPIRE at its point of use will be achieved, among other, through the availability of end-user applications able to effectively consume and process data provided according to the INSPIRE data specifications implemented following the respective technical guidelines available for each spatial data theme. Users are already in need of a good support for INSPIRE data within commonly used GIS software such as QGIS in order to make use of the INSPIRE download services providing harmonised data which are available today. This need will become more and more pressing as data providers will make more harmonised data available. Studies have been financed in 2015 and 2016 by various organisations to analyse the gaps to be filled and to identify how to address them best. We will present the outcome of these studies and the work currently ongoing related to the inclusion of support for GML application schema compliant in OGR (simple, complex feature) and by consequence in QGIS a...
3D Geological modelling aims at representing the geology of the subsurface in 3 dimensions. Build... more 3D Geological modelling aims at representing the geology of the subsurface in 3 dimensions. Building a 3D geological model is not only pushing data through a code to obtain a representation of the geology. Two kinds of knowledge are mainly used to complete a geological model. The first one is explicit and consists in the data that constrain the model. The other one is generally implicit and consists in the geological knowledge that is used – sometimes unconsciously– by the person(s) in charge of completing the model. This knowledge is essential to drive the interpretation supporting the model. The geological knowledge can be seen as an architecture underlying the 3D model. This geological architecture is derived from data, observations, interpretations, and experience. It needs to be compatible with the data but the same geological architecture may apply to various sets of data. Then, a 3D model is a geometrical realization of the topology represented by the geological architecture....
Extending Building Information Modeling (BIM) to deal with geotechnical data, and more generally ... more Extending Building Information Modeling (BIM) to deal with geotechnical data, and more generally environmental data, is not a new idea, yet application of it remain a topic of innovation. In the French collaborative project MINnD that aim at extending BIM capacities for infrastructures, a dedicated working group was designed in order to properly describe the environment and existing interactions with an Underground Infrastructure and its equipment. This paper presents the results and propositions from this working group, especially in terms of geoscience data standardization and management. In other words, it deals with standardization of “classical” information such as geological and geotechnical investigations, geophysical measurements, laboratory analysis, pollutant presence, existing buildings, etc. It also concerns/involves “specific” information such as geological, geotechnical and hydrogeological models, risk management data, structure-sizing expression and associated tender ...
Within the INSPIRE framework, data pertaining to observations or measurements of environmental ph... more Within the INSPIRE framework, data pertaining to observations or measurements of environmental phenomena, often collected through sensors, are to be provided in addition to spatial features; these are usually consolidated in monitoring networks specifically designed to address various environmental issues and related policies. The Environmental Monitoring Facilities (EF) data model describes environmental monitoring facilities as spatial objects in the context of INSPIRE, it includes observations and measurements (O&M) linked to the environmental monitoring facilities, together with relevant metadata on the measurement methodology and process. The OGC Sensor Observation Service (SOS) has been identified as well suited for the provision of OM last December the technical guidance document for the implementation of SOS as an INSPIRE download service were finalized. In addition, the guidelines for the usage of O&M within INSPIRE have been updated to version 3. Both of these documents wi...
In order to quench the user’s thirst for data, the INSPIRE Directive define the requirements for ... more In order to quench the user’s thirst for data, the INSPIRE Directive define the requirements for the implementation of Download Services. Several ingredients to this cocktail preparation are offered by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC): Web Feature Service (WFS), Web Coverage Service (WCS) and Sensor Observation Service (SOS). Furthermore multiple suppliers propose their own products (GeoServer, Deegree, 52North, …). This presentation gives an overview of those products maturity illustrated by BRGM feedback. It emphasizes technical challenges overcomed in providing geoscience data the INSPIRE way. It also emphasizes related tools that should be added to increase data usability with a special focus on DOI and user interface.
Up to today, dealing with application schema features, such as data harmonised to the INSPIRE dat... more Up to today, dealing with application schema features, such as data harmonised to the INSPIRE data models, also known as complex GML, was challenging for users due to lack of appropriate tools in the commonly used client applications. Recent advances in GDAL/OGR and QGIS will allow easier handling of appschema data. A consortium of titellus, Spatialys, Camptocamp, Oslandia and BRGM has taken this task in the scope of the European Union's Earth observation programme Copernicus, as part of the tasks delegated to the European Environment Agency. The functionality will become available from the upcoming 3.0 version of QGIS. In this workshop we will guide you through the world of application schema in GDAL/OGR and QGIS. Since its introduction the GML Application Schema (GMLAS) driver has received quite some positive feedback, being for example able to address national schemas used in Finland or Japan, beyond the initial use cases it was developed for (Inspire, GeoSciML, GroundWaterML...
The Geological information and modelling Thematic Core Service (TCS) of EPOS is designed as an ef... more The Geological information and modelling Thematic Core Service (TCS) of EPOS is designed as an efficient and sustainable access system for geological multi-scale datasets for EPOS. The TCS develops and benefits from the synergy between the existing data infrastructures of the Geological Surveys of Europe (EuroGeoSurveys / EGDI) and the large amount of information produced by the research organizations and the international drilling community. The integration of distributed infrastructure components allows a broad range of resources including: geological maps, borehole data, borehole associated observations (borehole log data, groundwater level, groundwater quality…) and archived information on physical material (samples, cores), geological models (3D, 4D), geohazards, geophysical data such as active seismic data and other analyses of rocks, soils and minerals. In this presentation, we focus on the European Borehole Index and the work done since the beginning of the project, first to...
The Pyrenees are a 400-km-long mountain range located in southwest Europe along the French–Spanis... more The Pyrenees are a 400-km-long mountain range located in southwest Europe along the French–Spanish border, and constitute one of the most earthquake-prone regions of mainland France and Spain. At the “observational” level, the Pyrenean region is monitored by several seismological networks on both sides of the French -Spanish border, counting in total around 120 seismic stations (of different types). Thanks to a progressive decrease of constraints associated to real-time seismology (generalization of low-cost robust data-transfer technologies, continuous increasing of data storage capacities, etc.), a growing proportion of these stations are progressively called to evolve toward real-time data transmission. Moreover, a recent project called “SISPyr” (www.sispyr.eu), involving the main owners of Pyrenean seismic stations, has notably allowed the establishment of a real-time pooling process of Pyrenean seismological data resulting in an improvement of the coverage of the massif. At the...
In many application domains sensor data contributes an important part to the situation awareness ... more In many application domains sensor data contributes an important part to the situation awareness required for decision making. Examples range from environmental and climate change situations to industrial production processes. All these fields need to aggregate and fuse many data sources, the semantics of the data needs to be understood and the results must be presented to the decision makers in an accessible way. This process is already defined as the “sensor to decision chain” [11] but which solutions and technologies can be proposed for implementing it?
INSPIRE broadly addresses the harmonisation and combined use of spatial data. There are however m... more INSPIRE broadly addresses the harmonisation and combined use of spatial data. There are however many cases where a limited number of sensors (both stationary and mobile) produce huge volumes of spatio-temporal observation data. This requires standards which are capable of effectively encoding and serving such data. This fact is well recognized in INSPIRE, and a temporary sub-group has been established within the INSPIRE MIG (MIWP-7a) which deals with observation data. The proposed workshop will be organized as an activity of the sub-group with the overall objective to present the results from the activities of the sub-group, together with other relevant use-cases.
Our Environmental Information Systems are exposing environmental features, their monitoring syste... more Our Environmental Information Systems are exposing environmental features, their monitoring systems and the observation they generate in an interoperable way (technical and semantic) for years. In Europe, there is even a legal obligation to such practices via the INSPIRE directive. However, the practice inducing data providers to set up services in a "Discovery > View > Download data" pattern hides data behind the services. This hinders data discovery and reuse. Linked Data on the Web Best Practices put this stack upside down and data is now back in the first line. This completely revamp the design and capacities of our Information Systems. We'll highlight the new data frontiers opened by such practices taking examples on the French National Groundwater Information Network.”
Thanks to recent evolutions in environmental sensors, new data transmission associated with bette... more Thanks to recent evolutions in environmental sensors, new data transmission associated with better autonomy, it is now feasible to consider raw data quality with more confidence. Even if human QA/QC activity is still required (at least to check the overall workflow status), raw data can be considered as fitted for direct reuse. Groundwater level data and their near real time availability (raw data) answer to important societal needs: - Natural resource management in a climate change context with even more frequent drought episodes and their impact on quality and quantity of the resource, - But also civil security in specific geological contexts where surface/ground water connexion associated with water table rise have a direct impact on flood events. Parallel to these, the ICT context is also evolving with more mature international open standards for sensorWeb interoperability (namely the OGC SWE - Sensor Web Enablement Framework) along with their endorsement by Legal obligations (I...
Cette communication presente les recents travaux realises par le BRGM autour de l'interoperab... more Cette communication presente les recents travaux realises par le BRGM autour de l'interoperabilite des systemes d'information en accord avec les usages metiers. Apres quelques rappels sur les principes cles de l'interoperabilite, elle met en avant les besoins des utilisateurs au niveau de la decouverte et l'exploitation des donnees et propose des reponses visant a offrir une meilleure appropriation de ces donnees basee sur l'utilisation des standards d'echanges des donnees. Ces solutions sont illustrees autour d'un cas d'etude visant a la mise a disposition des donnees relatives au suivi des niveaux d'eaux des nappes souterraines.
Up to today, dealing with application schema features, such as data harmonised to the INSPIRE dat... more Up to today, dealing with application schema features, such as data harmonised to the INSPIRE data models, also known as complex GML, was challenging for users due to lack of appropriate tools in the commonly used client applications. Recent advances in GDAL/OGR and QGIS will allow easier handling of appschema data. A consortium of titellus, Spatialys, Camptocamp, Oslandia and BRGM has taken this task in the scope of the European Union's Earth observation programme Copernicus, as part of the tasks delegated to the European Environment Agency. The functionality will become available from the upcoming 3.0 version of QGIS. In this workshop we will guide you through the world of application schema in GDAL/OGR and QGIS. Since its introduction the GML Application Schema (GMLAS) driver has received quite some positive feedback, being for example able to address national schemas used in Finland or Japan, beyond the initial use cases it was developed for (Inspire, GeoSciML, GroundWaterML...
<p>Urban territories collect many types of geochemical and physico-... more <p>Urban territories collect many types of geochemical and physico-chemical data relative to, e.g., soil quality or soil functions. Such data may serve for various purposes like verifying the compatibility with current or future uses, defining (pedo)geochemical backgrounds, establishing levels of exposure to soil pollutants, identifying management options for polluted sites or for excavated soils, verifying the evolution of infiltration ponds, assessing carbon storage, etc. They may also serve to prioritize soil functions and associated ecosystem services such as, e.g., soil fertility, surface and groundwater storage or supply, purification of infiltrated rainwater, etc. Gathering such data in national databases and making them available to stakeholders raises many issues that are technical, legal and social.  Should all of the data be made available or only selected portions? How can access and reuse of the data be ensured in a legal fashion? Are statistical and geostatistical methods able to deal with data from heterogeneous origins, allowing their reuse for other purposes than the initial one? In this context, it is necessary to take into account scientific as well as practical considerations and to collect the societal needs of end-users like urban planners.</p><p> </p><p>To illustrate the complexity of these issues and ways to address them, we propose to share the French experience:</p><ul><li>on gathering urban soil geochemical data in the French national database BDSolU. We will present how this database was created, the choices made in relation with the national context, the difficulties encountered, and the questions that are still open.</li> <li>on a new interrogation system linking agricultural and urban soil databases (DoneSol and BDSolU), which have different requirements, and the corresponding standards. Such linkage based on interoperability is important in the context of changes of soil use, with for example agricultural soils becoming urbanised soils, or soils from brownfields intended for gardening. It is also necessary to ensure a territorial continuity for users.</li> </ul><p>The objective is to define a robust and standardised methodology for database conceptualisation, sharing and final use by stakeholders including scientists</p>
Simplification of INSPIRE at its point of use will be achieved, among other, through the availabi... more Simplification of INSPIRE at its point of use will be achieved, among other, through the availability of end-user applications able to effectively consume and process data provided according to the INSPIRE data specifications implemented following the respective technical guidelines available for each spatial data theme. Users are already in need of a good support for INSPIRE data within commonly used GIS software such as QGIS in order to make use of the INSPIRE download services providing harmonised data which are available today. This need will become more and more pressing as data providers will make more harmonised data available. Studies have been financed in 2015 and 2016 by various organisations to analyse the gaps to be filled and to identify how to address them best. We will present the outcome of these studies and the work currently ongoing related to the inclusion of support for GML application schema compliant in OGR (simple, complex feature) and by consequence in QGIS a...
3D Geological modelling aims at representing the geology of the subsurface in 3 dimensions. Build... more 3D Geological modelling aims at representing the geology of the subsurface in 3 dimensions. Building a 3D geological model is not only pushing data through a code to obtain a representation of the geology. Two kinds of knowledge are mainly used to complete a geological model. The first one is explicit and consists in the data that constrain the model. The other one is generally implicit and consists in the geological knowledge that is used – sometimes unconsciously– by the person(s) in charge of completing the model. This knowledge is essential to drive the interpretation supporting the model. The geological knowledge can be seen as an architecture underlying the 3D model. This geological architecture is derived from data, observations, interpretations, and experience. It needs to be compatible with the data but the same geological architecture may apply to various sets of data. Then, a 3D model is a geometrical realization of the topology represented by the geological architecture....
Extending Building Information Modeling (BIM) to deal with geotechnical data, and more generally ... more Extending Building Information Modeling (BIM) to deal with geotechnical data, and more generally environmental data, is not a new idea, yet application of it remain a topic of innovation. In the French collaborative project MINnD that aim at extending BIM capacities for infrastructures, a dedicated working group was designed in order to properly describe the environment and existing interactions with an Underground Infrastructure and its equipment. This paper presents the results and propositions from this working group, especially in terms of geoscience data standardization and management. In other words, it deals with standardization of “classical” information such as geological and geotechnical investigations, geophysical measurements, laboratory analysis, pollutant presence, existing buildings, etc. It also concerns/involves “specific” information such as geological, geotechnical and hydrogeological models, risk management data, structure-sizing expression and associated tender ...
Within the INSPIRE framework, data pertaining to observations or measurements of environmental ph... more Within the INSPIRE framework, data pertaining to observations or measurements of environmental phenomena, often collected through sensors, are to be provided in addition to spatial features; these are usually consolidated in monitoring networks specifically designed to address various environmental issues and related policies. The Environmental Monitoring Facilities (EF) data model describes environmental monitoring facilities as spatial objects in the context of INSPIRE, it includes observations and measurements (O&M) linked to the environmental monitoring facilities, together with relevant metadata on the measurement methodology and process. The OGC Sensor Observation Service (SOS) has been identified as well suited for the provision of OM last December the technical guidance document for the implementation of SOS as an INSPIRE download service were finalized. In addition, the guidelines for the usage of O&M within INSPIRE have been updated to version 3. Both of these documents wi...
In order to quench the user’s thirst for data, the INSPIRE Directive define the requirements for ... more In order to quench the user’s thirst for data, the INSPIRE Directive define the requirements for the implementation of Download Services. Several ingredients to this cocktail preparation are offered by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC): Web Feature Service (WFS), Web Coverage Service (WCS) and Sensor Observation Service (SOS). Furthermore multiple suppliers propose their own products (GeoServer, Deegree, 52North, …). This presentation gives an overview of those products maturity illustrated by BRGM feedback. It emphasizes technical challenges overcomed in providing geoscience data the INSPIRE way. It also emphasizes related tools that should be added to increase data usability with a special focus on DOI and user interface.
Up to today, dealing with application schema features, such as data harmonised to the INSPIRE dat... more Up to today, dealing with application schema features, such as data harmonised to the INSPIRE data models, also known as complex GML, was challenging for users due to lack of appropriate tools in the commonly used client applications. Recent advances in GDAL/OGR and QGIS will allow easier handling of appschema data. A consortium of titellus, Spatialys, Camptocamp, Oslandia and BRGM has taken this task in the scope of the European Union's Earth observation programme Copernicus, as part of the tasks delegated to the European Environment Agency. The functionality will become available from the upcoming 3.0 version of QGIS. In this workshop we will guide you through the world of application schema in GDAL/OGR and QGIS. Since its introduction the GML Application Schema (GMLAS) driver has received quite some positive feedback, being for example able to address national schemas used in Finland or Japan, beyond the initial use cases it was developed for (Inspire, GeoSciML, GroundWaterML...
The Geological information and modelling Thematic Core Service (TCS) of EPOS is designed as an ef... more The Geological information and modelling Thematic Core Service (TCS) of EPOS is designed as an efficient and sustainable access system for geological multi-scale datasets for EPOS. The TCS develops and benefits from the synergy between the existing data infrastructures of the Geological Surveys of Europe (EuroGeoSurveys / EGDI) and the large amount of information produced by the research organizations and the international drilling community. The integration of distributed infrastructure components allows a broad range of resources including: geological maps, borehole data, borehole associated observations (borehole log data, groundwater level, groundwater quality…) and archived information on physical material (samples, cores), geological models (3D, 4D), geohazards, geophysical data such as active seismic data and other analyses of rocks, soils and minerals. In this presentation, we focus on the European Borehole Index and the work done since the beginning of the project, first to...
The Pyrenees are a 400-km-long mountain range located in southwest Europe along the French–Spanis... more The Pyrenees are a 400-km-long mountain range located in southwest Europe along the French–Spanish border, and constitute one of the most earthquake-prone regions of mainland France and Spain. At the “observational” level, the Pyrenean region is monitored by several seismological networks on both sides of the French -Spanish border, counting in total around 120 seismic stations (of different types). Thanks to a progressive decrease of constraints associated to real-time seismology (generalization of low-cost robust data-transfer technologies, continuous increasing of data storage capacities, etc.), a growing proportion of these stations are progressively called to evolve toward real-time data transmission. Moreover, a recent project called “SISPyr” (www.sispyr.eu), involving the main owners of Pyrenean seismic stations, has notably allowed the establishment of a real-time pooling process of Pyrenean seismological data resulting in an improvement of the coverage of the massif. At the...
In many application domains sensor data contributes an important part to the situation awareness ... more In many application domains sensor data contributes an important part to the situation awareness required for decision making. Examples range from environmental and climate change situations to industrial production processes. All these fields need to aggregate and fuse many data sources, the semantics of the data needs to be understood and the results must be presented to the decision makers in an accessible way. This process is already defined as the “sensor to decision chain” [11] but which solutions and technologies can be proposed for implementing it?
INSPIRE broadly addresses the harmonisation and combined use of spatial data. There are however m... more INSPIRE broadly addresses the harmonisation and combined use of spatial data. There are however many cases where a limited number of sensors (both stationary and mobile) produce huge volumes of spatio-temporal observation data. This requires standards which are capable of effectively encoding and serving such data. This fact is well recognized in INSPIRE, and a temporary sub-group has been established within the INSPIRE MIG (MIWP-7a) which deals with observation data. The proposed workshop will be organized as an activity of the sub-group with the overall objective to present the results from the activities of the sub-group, together with other relevant use-cases.
Our Environmental Information Systems are exposing environmental features, their monitoring syste... more Our Environmental Information Systems are exposing environmental features, their monitoring systems and the observation they generate in an interoperable way (technical and semantic) for years. In Europe, there is even a legal obligation to such practices via the INSPIRE directive. However, the practice inducing data providers to set up services in a "Discovery > View > Download data" pattern hides data behind the services. This hinders data discovery and reuse. Linked Data on the Web Best Practices put this stack upside down and data is now back in the first line. This completely revamp the design and capacities of our Information Systems. We'll highlight the new data frontiers opened by such practices taking examples on the French National Groundwater Information Network.”
Thanks to recent evolutions in environmental sensors, new data transmission associated with bette... more Thanks to recent evolutions in environmental sensors, new data transmission associated with better autonomy, it is now feasible to consider raw data quality with more confidence. Even if human QA/QC activity is still required (at least to check the overall workflow status), raw data can be considered as fitted for direct reuse. Groundwater level data and their near real time availability (raw data) answer to important societal needs: - Natural resource management in a climate change context with even more frequent drought episodes and their impact on quality and quantity of the resource, - But also civil security in specific geological contexts where surface/ground water connexion associated with water table rise have a direct impact on flood events. Parallel to these, the ICT context is also evolving with more mature international open standards for sensorWeb interoperability (namely the OGC SWE - Sensor Web Enablement Framework) along with their endorsement by Legal obligations (I...
Cette communication presente les recents travaux realises par le BRGM autour de l'interoperab... more Cette communication presente les recents travaux realises par le BRGM autour de l'interoperabilite des systemes d'information en accord avec les usages metiers. Apres quelques rappels sur les principes cles de l'interoperabilite, elle met en avant les besoins des utilisateurs au niveau de la decouverte et l'exploitation des donnees et propose des reponses visant a offrir une meilleure appropriation de ces donnees basee sur l'utilisation des standards d'echanges des donnees. Ces solutions sont illustrees autour d'un cas d'etude visant a la mise a disposition des donnees relatives au suivi des niveaux d'eaux des nappes souterraines.
Up to today, dealing with application schema features, such as data harmonised to the INSPIRE dat... more Up to today, dealing with application schema features, such as data harmonised to the INSPIRE data models, also known as complex GML, was challenging for users due to lack of appropriate tools in the commonly used client applications. Recent advances in GDAL/OGR and QGIS will allow easier handling of appschema data. A consortium of titellus, Spatialys, Camptocamp, Oslandia and BRGM has taken this task in the scope of the European Union's Earth observation programme Copernicus, as part of the tasks delegated to the European Environment Agency. The functionality will become available from the upcoming 3.0 version of QGIS. In this workshop we will guide you through the world of application schema in GDAL/OGR and QGIS. Since its introduction the GML Application Schema (GMLAS) driver has received quite some positive feedback, being for example able to address national schemas used in Finland or Japan, beyond the initial use cases it was developed for (Inspire, GeoSciML, GroundWaterML...
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