The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on board the Japanese Experiment Module of the Internation... more The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on board the Japanese Experiment Module of the International Space Station, JEM-EUSO, is being designed to search from space ultra-high energy cosmic rays. These are charged particles with energies from a few 10^19 eV to beyond 10^20 eV, at the very end of the known cosmic ray energy spectrum. JEM-EUSO will also search for extreme energy neutrinos, photons, and exotic particles, providing a unique opportunity to explore largely unknown phenomena in our Universe. The mission, principally based on a wide field of view (60 degrees) near-UV telescope with a diameter of ∼ 2.5 m, will monitor the earth’s atmosphere at night, pioneering the observation from space of the ultraviolet tracks (290-430 nm) associated with giant extensive air showers produced by ultra-high energy primaries propagating in the earth’s atmosphere. Observing from an orbital altitude of ∼ 400 km, the mission is expected to reach an instantaneous geometrical aperture of Ageo ≥ 2 × 10^5 km2 sr with an estimated duty cycle of ∼20%. Such a geometrical aperture allows unprecedented exposures, significantly larger than can be obtained with ground-based experiments. In this paper we briefly review the history of space-based search for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. We then introduce the special issue of Experimental Astronomy devoted to the various aspects of such a challenging enterprise. We also summarise the activities of the on-going JEM-EUSO program.
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XIV, 2011
The Raman Laser Spectrometer instrument is included in ExoMars program Pasteur payload and it is ... more The Raman Laser Spectrometer instrument is included in ExoMars program Pasteur payload and it is focused on the Mars samples analytical analysis of the geochemistry content and elemental composition of the observed crushed samples obtained by the Rover. One of the most critical Units of the RLS is the Spectrometer unit (SPU) that performs Raman spectroscopy technique and operates in
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XIV, 2011
The Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) is one of the Pasteur Payload instruments, within the ESA&... more The Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) is one of the Pasteur Payload instruments, within the ESA's Aurora Exploration Programme, ExoMars mission. ExoMars 2018 main Scientific objective is "Searching for evidence of past and present life on Mars". Raman Spectroscopy is used to analyze the vibrational modes of a substance either in the solid, liquid or gas state. It relies on the
Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2006
The Imaging MAgnetograph eXperiment, IMaX, is one of the three postfocal instruments of the Sunri... more The Imaging MAgnetograph eXperiment, IMaX, is one of the three postfocal instruments of the Sunrise mission. The Sunrise project consists of a stratospheric balloon with a 1 m aperture telescope, which will fly from the Antarctica within the NASA Long Duration Balloon Program. IMaX should work as a diffraction limited imager and it should be capable to carry out polarization
Space Telescopes and Instrumentation I: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter, 2006
In this work, it is described the Imaging Magnetograph eXperiment, IMaX, one of the three postfoc... more In this work, it is described the Imaging Magnetograph eXperiment, IMaX, one of the three postfocal instruments of the Sunrise mission. The Sunrise project consists on a stratospheric balloon with a 1 m aperture telescope, which will fly from the Antarctica within the NASA Long Duration Balloon Program. IMaX will provide vector magnetograms of the solar surface with a spatial
Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2008: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter, 2008
The MTS, MIRI Telescope Simulator, is developed by INTA as the Spanish contribution of MIRI (Mid ... more The MTS, MIRI Telescope Simulator, is developed by INTA as the Spanish contribution of MIRI (Mid InfraRed Instrument) on board JWST (James Web Space Telescope). The MTS is considered as optical equipment which is part of Optical Ground Support Equipment for the AIV/Calibration phase of the instrument at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK. It is an optical simulator of the JWST
Speckle 2012: V International Conference on Speckle Metrology, 2012
ABSTRACT High resolution spatial light modulators (SLM) have been used in many different ways dur... more ABSTRACT High resolution spatial light modulators (SLM) have been used in many different ways during the last years. Regarding speckle interferometry, different applications can be realized by integrating SLMs in interferometric setup. In this work the influence of a liquid crystal based phase-only SLM on the measurement quality concerning deformation and shape measurement using two wavelengths is discussed.
Organic Holographic Materials and Applications, 2003
A photoconductive sol-gel material based on the incorporation of polyvinyl carbazole (PVK) and 2,... more A photoconductive sol-gel material based on the incorporation of polyvinyl carbazole (PVK) and 2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone (TNF) within a silica matrix is reported. Unmatched photosensitive as large as 10 cm/ΩW has been found at moderate applied electric fields (20 V/μm). The ...
We demonstrate a method to easily and quickly extend the dynamic range imaging capabilities of th... more We demonstrate a method to easily and quickly extend the dynamic range imaging capabilities of the camera in a typical interferometric approach. The camera dynamic range is usually low and limited to 256 gray levels. Also, it is well known that one may have over or under-exposed regions in the interferogram (due to non-uniform illumination) which makes these image regions not reliable. In our proposed method it is not necessary to obtain or use the non-linear camera response curve in order to extend the camera dynamic range. We obtain a sequence of differently exposed interferograms, typically five or six; after that, we compute the corresponding normalized fringe patterns and modulation maps using a typical normalization method. These normalized patterns are combined through a temporal weighted average using as weights the corresponding modulation maps. We show a set of experimental results that prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Space Telescopes, 2004
The MIRI Telescope Simulator (MTS) is part of the Optical Ground Support System (OGSE) for the ve... more The MIRI Telescope Simulator (MTS) is part of the Optical Ground Support System (OGSE) for the verification and calibration phase of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI). The MTS will simulate the optical characteristics of the JWST output beam in an environment similar to the flight conditions. The different functionalities of the MTS are briefly described and
The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on board the Japanese Experiment Module of the Internation... more The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on board the Japanese Experiment Module of the International Space Station, JEM-EUSO, is being designed to search from space ultra-high energy cosmic rays. These are charged particles with energies from a few 10^19 eV to beyond 10^20 eV, at the very end of the known cosmic ray energy spectrum. JEM-EUSO will also search for extreme energy neutrinos, photons, and exotic particles, providing a unique opportunity to explore largely unknown phenomena in our Universe. The mission, principally based on a wide field of view (60 degrees) near-UV telescope with a diameter of ∼ 2.5 m, will monitor the earth’s atmosphere at night, pioneering the observation from space of the ultraviolet tracks (290-430 nm) associated with giant extensive air showers produced by ultra-high energy primaries propagating in the earth’s atmosphere. Observing from an orbital altitude of ∼ 400 km, the mission is expected to reach an instantaneous geometrical aperture of Ageo ≥ 2 × 10^5 km2 sr with an estimated duty cycle of ∼20%. Such a geometrical aperture allows unprecedented exposures, significantly larger than can be obtained with ground-based experiments. In this paper we briefly review the history of space-based search for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. We then introduce the special issue of Experimental Astronomy devoted to the various aspects of such a challenging enterprise. We also summarise the activities of the on-going JEM-EUSO program.
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XIV, 2011
The Raman Laser Spectrometer instrument is included in ExoMars program Pasteur payload and it is ... more The Raman Laser Spectrometer instrument is included in ExoMars program Pasteur payload and it is focused on the Mars samples analytical analysis of the geochemistry content and elemental composition of the observed crushed samples obtained by the Rover. One of the most critical Units of the RLS is the Spectrometer unit (SPU) that performs Raman spectroscopy technique and operates in
Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XIV, 2011
The Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) is one of the Pasteur Payload instruments, within the ESA&... more The Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) is one of the Pasteur Payload instruments, within the ESA's Aurora Exploration Programme, ExoMars mission. ExoMars 2018 main Scientific objective is "Searching for evidence of past and present life on Mars". Raman Spectroscopy is used to analyze the vibrational modes of a substance either in the solid, liquid or gas state. It relies on the
Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2006
The Imaging MAgnetograph eXperiment, IMaX, is one of the three postfocal instruments of the Sunri... more The Imaging MAgnetograph eXperiment, IMaX, is one of the three postfocal instruments of the Sunrise mission. The Sunrise project consists of a stratospheric balloon with a 1 m aperture telescope, which will fly from the Antarctica within the NASA Long Duration Balloon Program. IMaX should work as a diffraction limited imager and it should be capable to carry out polarization
Space Telescopes and Instrumentation I: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter, 2006
In this work, it is described the Imaging Magnetograph eXperiment, IMaX, one of the three postfoc... more In this work, it is described the Imaging Magnetograph eXperiment, IMaX, one of the three postfocal instruments of the Sunrise mission. The Sunrise project consists on a stratospheric balloon with a 1 m aperture telescope, which will fly from the Antarctica within the NASA Long Duration Balloon Program. IMaX will provide vector magnetograms of the solar surface with a spatial
Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2008: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter, 2008
The MTS, MIRI Telescope Simulator, is developed by INTA as the Spanish contribution of MIRI (Mid ... more The MTS, MIRI Telescope Simulator, is developed by INTA as the Spanish contribution of MIRI (Mid InfraRed Instrument) on board JWST (James Web Space Telescope). The MTS is considered as optical equipment which is part of Optical Ground Support Equipment for the AIV/Calibration phase of the instrument at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK. It is an optical simulator of the JWST
Speckle 2012: V International Conference on Speckle Metrology, 2012
ABSTRACT High resolution spatial light modulators (SLM) have been used in many different ways dur... more ABSTRACT High resolution spatial light modulators (SLM) have been used in many different ways during the last years. Regarding speckle interferometry, different applications can be realized by integrating SLMs in interferometric setup. In this work the influence of a liquid crystal based phase-only SLM on the measurement quality concerning deformation and shape measurement using two wavelengths is discussed.
Organic Holographic Materials and Applications, 2003
A photoconductive sol-gel material based on the incorporation of polyvinyl carbazole (PVK) and 2,... more A photoconductive sol-gel material based on the incorporation of polyvinyl carbazole (PVK) and 2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone (TNF) within a silica matrix is reported. Unmatched photosensitive as large as 10 cm/ΩW has been found at moderate applied electric fields (20 V/μm). The ...
We demonstrate a method to easily and quickly extend the dynamic range imaging capabilities of th... more We demonstrate a method to easily and quickly extend the dynamic range imaging capabilities of the camera in a typical interferometric approach. The camera dynamic range is usually low and limited to 256 gray levels. Also, it is well known that one may have over or under-exposed regions in the interferogram (due to non-uniform illumination) which makes these image regions not reliable. In our proposed method it is not necessary to obtain or use the non-linear camera response curve in order to extend the camera dynamic range. We obtain a sequence of differently exposed interferograms, typically five or six; after that, we compute the corresponding normalized fringe patterns and modulation maps using a typical normalization method. These normalized patterns are combined through a temporal weighted average using as weights the corresponding modulation maps. We show a set of experimental results that prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Space Telescopes, 2004
The MIRI Telescope Simulator (MTS) is part of the Optical Ground Support System (OGSE) for the ve... more The MIRI Telescope Simulator (MTS) is part of the Optical Ground Support System (OGSE) for the verification and calibration phase of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI). The MTS will simulate the optical characteristics of the JWST output beam in an environment similar to the flight conditions. The different functionalities of the MTS are briefly described and
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Papers by T. Belenguer