“And whilst all these nations have magnified their Antiquities so exceedingly, we need not wonder... more “And whilst all these nations have magnified their Antiquities so exceedingly, we need not wonder that the Greeks and Latines have made their first Kings a little older then the truth.” Sir Isaac Newton, The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms, Chap. VI . Though GNSS satellites are just some among many other satellites which are implemented for geophysical measurements, GNSS play a very significant and increasing role in collecting geophysical data. They have become an indispensable tool for many geophysical applications. Apart from this, GNSS satellites have also allowed spread spectrum radiowave technology to mature. This technology can be used on its own for atmosphere probing in other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum than GNSS’s. Together with other atmosphere sensing instruments, GNSS provides information for weather prediction and monitoring climate change. GNSS has also become an essential tool for estimation of the Earth’s rotation parameters. There are also emerging areas of paramount importance, which are yet under development, such as using GNSS signals for earthquake studies. Figure 11.1 depicts the subject of this chapter in relation to other chapters in this book. Data from global reference networks are routinely used to monitor movement of the Earth’s tectonic plates relative to each other and to an inertial frame. In this task the same type of GNSS observables as described in Chapter 8 are used. Such observables are created using measurements from globally distributed networks of GNSS receivers, supplying various data in raw data formats, mostly in RINEX. The most prominent among such networks is the IGS network. There are also various regional and local networks, which can provide large volumes of geophysical information. Among such networks, for example, is the Geographical Survey Institute (GSI) network in Japan, which consists of more than 1200 high-end geodetic GNSS receivers. The data from these networks include code and carrier phase measurements, Doppler measurements, and signal-to-noise ratio. All measurements are delivered from dual frequency receivers using two frequencies (L1, L2). We consider implementation of data from such networks in Sections 11.1, 11.3, and 11.4.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES, AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN, 2021
The creation and sustainable development of commercial aircraft original equipment manufacturer (... more The creation and sustainable development of commercial aircraft original equipment manufacturer (OEM) business need to overcome not only the development of aircraft itself but also various issues that involve changes in organization, processes and human resources, and so on. With respect to these issues, in the past study we have not found systematic research in the aerospace engineering field or a model based on the experience in the commercial aircraft OEM business. We need to integrate research in new engineering field and proceed in comprehensive approach. The comprehensive study on characteristics, issues in establishment, sustainable development of commercial aircraft OEM business and on features of technical development on commercial aircraft, which would be one of the most complex systems that human beings can build, from the perspective of creating new engineering fields will be needed. This paper focuses on definition and how to proceed system integration, and relationship between system integration and program and project management of commercial aircraft development. A integrated product team (IPT) matrix organization has been introduced into many aerospace and defense industries to achieve the system integration, but further research is expected to improve the IPT matrix organization that are balanced by performance and cost.
Flight experiments have been conducted at the Sendai airport using the experimental research airc... more Flight experiments have been conducted at the Sendai airport using the experimental research aircraft Dornier-228-200 (DO-228) at the National Aerospace Laboratory (NAL). The objective is to evaluate new navigation sensor technologies which will play a key role in the design of terminal area navigation systems for aerospace vehicles including HOPE (H-II Orbiting Plane). The navigation sensors tested include Microwave Landing System (MLS), Global Positioning System (GPS), Inertial Navigation System (INS), and radio altimeter. Differential GPS (DGPS) is also tested in both stand alone and hybrid modes. In this paper, a method based on GPS surveying is proposed and applied to establish a reference frame and position coordinates of the ground-based navigation-aid facilities. Examples of application of the surveying results are presented which evaluate stand alone GPS navigation accuracy of NAVCORE-1 GPS receiver for the approach/landing (A/L) and orbit flight phases.
“And whilst all these nations have magnified their Antiquities so exceedingly, we need not wonder... more “And whilst all these nations have magnified their Antiquities so exceedingly, we need not wonder that the Greeks and Latines have made their first Kings a little older then the truth.” Sir Isaac Newton, The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms, Chap. VI . Though GNSS satellites are just some among many other satellites which are implemented for geophysical measurements, GNSS play a very significant and increasing role in collecting geophysical data. They have become an indispensable tool for many geophysical applications. Apart from this, GNSS satellites have also allowed spread spectrum radiowave technology to mature. This technology can be used on its own for atmosphere probing in other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum than GNSS’s. Together with other atmosphere sensing instruments, GNSS provides information for weather prediction and monitoring climate change. GNSS has also become an essential tool for estimation of the Earth’s rotation parameters. There are also emerging areas of paramount importance, which are yet under development, such as using GNSS signals for earthquake studies. Figure 11.1 depicts the subject of this chapter in relation to other chapters in this book. Data from global reference networks are routinely used to monitor movement of the Earth’s tectonic plates relative to each other and to an inertial frame. In this task the same type of GNSS observables as described in Chapter 8 are used. Such observables are created using measurements from globally distributed networks of GNSS receivers, supplying various data in raw data formats, mostly in RINEX. The most prominent among such networks is the IGS network. There are also various regional and local networks, which can provide large volumes of geophysical information. Among such networks, for example, is the Geographical Survey Institute (GSI) network in Japan, which consists of more than 1200 high-end geodetic GNSS receivers. The data from these networks include code and carrier phase measurements, Doppler measurements, and signal-to-noise ratio. All measurements are delivered from dual frequency receivers using two frequencies (L1, L2). We consider implementation of data from such networks in Sections 11.1, 11.3, and 11.4.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES, AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN, 2021
The creation and sustainable development of commercial aircraft original equipment manufacturer (... more The creation and sustainable development of commercial aircraft original equipment manufacturer (OEM) business need to overcome not only the development of aircraft itself but also various issues that involve changes in organization, processes and human resources, and so on. With respect to these issues, in the past study we have not found systematic research in the aerospace engineering field or a model based on the experience in the commercial aircraft OEM business. We need to integrate research in new engineering field and proceed in comprehensive approach. The comprehensive study on characteristics, issues in establishment, sustainable development of commercial aircraft OEM business and on features of technical development on commercial aircraft, which would be one of the most complex systems that human beings can build, from the perspective of creating new engineering fields will be needed. This paper focuses on definition and how to proceed system integration, and relationship between system integration and program and project management of commercial aircraft development. A integrated product team (IPT) matrix organization has been introduced into many aerospace and defense industries to achieve the system integration, but further research is expected to improve the IPT matrix organization that are balanced by performance and cost.
Flight experiments have been conducted at the Sendai airport using the experimental research airc... more Flight experiments have been conducted at the Sendai airport using the experimental research aircraft Dornier-228-200 (DO-228) at the National Aerospace Laboratory (NAL). The objective is to evaluate new navigation sensor technologies which will play a key role in the design of terminal area navigation systems for aerospace vehicles including HOPE (H-II Orbiting Plane). The navigation sensors tested include Microwave Landing System (MLS), Global Positioning System (GPS), Inertial Navigation System (INS), and radio altimeter. Differential GPS (DGPS) is also tested in both stand alone and hybrid modes. In this paper, a method based on GPS surveying is proposed and applied to establish a reference frame and position coordinates of the ground-based navigation-aid facilities. Examples of application of the surveying results are presented which evaluate stand alone GPS navigation accuracy of NAVCORE-1 GPS receiver for the approach/landing (A/L) and orbit flight phases.
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Papers by Toshiaki Tsujii