Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a promising approach for vegetable waste (VW) recycling and energy re... more Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a promising approach for vegetable waste (VW) recycling and energy recovery but methanogenesis is always inhibited by acid accumulation. The addition of a mixture of iron and other elements has proved effective on reducing acid inhibition during AD of VW, but the effect of use of iron alone has rarely been assessed. In the present study, we compared the effects of Fe0 and Fe2+ on methane fermentation from VW at an organic loading rate of 1.5 gVS/L/d. The results indicated that Fe0 maintained a pH > 7.7, oxidation reduction potential <−520, and methane production rate (MPR) at 250–300 mL/gVS/d. Partial least squares path modeling and correlation analysis revealed Fe0 maintained pH for high MPR mainly through enhancing the conversion of propionic and butyric acids to acetic acid, causing the total acid decreasing to 1500 mg/L. In contrast, Fe2+ caused an accumulation of all volatile fatty acids up to 4000 mg/L and aggravated acid inhibition, resulting...
The earthquake early warning systems (EEWSs) in China have achieved great progress, with warning ... more The earthquake early warning systems (EEWSs) in China have achieved great progress, with warning alerts being 10 successfully delivered to the public in some regions. We examined the performance of the EEWS in China’s Sichuan 11 Province during the 2019 Changning Earthquake. Although its technical effectiveness was tested with the first alert released 12 10 s after the earthquake, we found that a big gap existed between the EEWS’s message and the public’s response. We 13 highlight the importance of EEWS alert effectiveness and public participation for long-term resiliency, such as delivering 14 useful alert messages through appropriate communication channels and training people to understand and properly respond. 15 1 Why are earthquake early warnings important? 16 An earthquake is an intense shaking of the Earth’s surface, caused by the sudden movement of a plate in the Earth’s crust. 17 Destructive earthquakes, such as the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake (Mw 7.9) in China, the 2010 Haiti...
Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 20, 2018
After publication of this study (Wang et al. 2018), we noticed a major mistake in the Fig. 7 that... more After publication of this study (Wang et al. 2018), we noticed a major mistake in the Fig. 7 that the Fig. 7a and the Fig. 7b were published with a same picture. The correct Fig. 7 was labeled here. We sincerely regret for the error, and sorry for the inconveniences!
This study provides a new record of nitrogen (N) deposition and ecological response at a remote, ... more This study provides a new record of nitrogen (N) deposition and ecological response at a remote, high-elevation lake within the ecologically fragile Three River Headwaters Region, northwest China, from the early 20thCentury to the past decade. A multi-proxy investigation of a lake sediment core including analyses of chironomids (non-biting midge), lake sediment geochemistry (δ15N, δ13C, TN, TOC, OC:TN), pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs and 210Pb-dating. Results were compared with regional pollution forcings, including fertiliser application, atmospheric nitrate and dust deposition, and a localised multiscale air quality modelling system for N-deposition. Our data reflect a mesotrophic lake for the majority of the 20th Century with minimal anthropogenic impact. A shift in the lake conditions is evident after 1985 with increased nutrient enrichment. Low δ15N, OC:TN and increasing TN values, together with an increase in chironomid taxa associated with eutrophic conditions and macrophyte...
Reforestation is a critical means of addressing the environmental and social problems of deforest... more Reforestation is a critical means of addressing the environmental and social problems of deforestation. China's Grain-for-Green Program (GFGP) is the world's largest reforestation scheme. Here we provide the first nationwide assessment of the tree composition of GFGP forests and the first combined ecological and economic study aimed at understanding GFGP's biodiversity implications. Across China, GFGP forests are overwhelmingly monocultures or compositionally simple mixed forests. Focusing on birds and bees in Sichuan Province, we find that GFGP reforestation results in modest gains (via mixed forest) and losses (via monocultures) of bird diversity, along with major losses of bee diversity. Moreover, all current modes of GFGP reforestation fall short of restoring biodiversity to levels approximating native forests. However, even within existing modes of reforestation, GFGP can achieve greater biodiversity gains by promoting mixed forests over monocultures; doing so is un...
The Science of the total environment, Aug 22, 2016
Massive deposition of calcium carbonate in ambient temperature waters (tufa) can form magnificent... more Massive deposition of calcium carbonate in ambient temperature waters (tufa) can form magnificent tufa landscapes, many of which are designated as protected areas. However, tufa landscapes in many areas are threatened by both local anthropogenic activities and climate change. This study, for the first time, posed the question whether the tufa landscape degradation (characterized by tufa degradation and increased biomass of green algae) in Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve of China is partially caused by regional air pollution and climate warming. The results indicate that wet deposition (including rain and snow) polluted by anthropogenic SO2, NOx, and NH3 emissions dissolves exposed tufa and may considerably reduce tufa deposition rate and even cause tufa dissolution within shallow waters. These effects of wet deposition on tufa enhanced as pH of wet deposition decreased from 8.01 to 5.06. Annual Volume Weighted Mean concentration of reactive nitrogen (including NH4(+) and NO3(-)) ...
Fish farming has seriously influenced the aquatic environment in Sancha reservoir in SW China sin... more Fish farming has seriously influenced the aquatic environment in Sancha reservoir in SW China since 1985 and has been strongly restricted since 2005. Thus, phosphorus speciation in a sediment core dated between 1945 and 2010 at cm-resolution and in surface sediments from Sancha reservoir may allow us track how fish farming impacts phosphorus dynamics in lake sediments. Fish farming shifts the major binding forms of phosphorus in sediments from organic to residual phosphorus, which mostly originated from fish feed. Sorption to metal oxides and association with organic matters are important mechanisms for phosphorus immobilisation with low fish farming activities, whereas calcium-bound phosphorous had an essential contribution to sediment phosphorus increases under intensive fish framing. Notwithstanding the shifting, the aforementioned phosphorus fractions are usually inert in the lake environment, therefore changing phosphorus mobility little. The use of fish feed and water-purifica...
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a promising approach for vegetable waste (VW) recycling and energy re... more Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a promising approach for vegetable waste (VW) recycling and energy recovery but methanogenesis is always inhibited by acid accumulation. The addition of a mixture of iron and other elements has proved effective on reducing acid inhibition during AD of VW, but the effect of use of iron alone has rarely been assessed. In the present study, we compared the effects of Fe0 and Fe2+ on methane fermentation from VW at an organic loading rate of 1.5 gVS/L/d. The results indicated that Fe0 maintained a pH > 7.7, oxidation reduction potential <−520, and methane production rate (MPR) at 250–300 mL/gVS/d. Partial least squares path modeling and correlation analysis revealed Fe0 maintained pH for high MPR mainly through enhancing the conversion of propionic and butyric acids to acetic acid, causing the total acid decreasing to 1500 mg/L. In contrast, Fe2+ caused an accumulation of all volatile fatty acids up to 4000 mg/L and aggravated acid inhibition, resulting...
The earthquake early warning systems (EEWSs) in China have achieved great progress, with warning ... more The earthquake early warning systems (EEWSs) in China have achieved great progress, with warning alerts being 10 successfully delivered to the public in some regions. We examined the performance of the EEWS in China’s Sichuan 11 Province during the 2019 Changning Earthquake. Although its technical effectiveness was tested with the first alert released 12 10 s after the earthquake, we found that a big gap existed between the EEWS’s message and the public’s response. We 13 highlight the importance of EEWS alert effectiveness and public participation for long-term resiliency, such as delivering 14 useful alert messages through appropriate communication channels and training people to understand and properly respond. 15 1 Why are earthquake early warnings important? 16 An earthquake is an intense shaking of the Earth’s surface, caused by the sudden movement of a plate in the Earth’s crust. 17 Destructive earthquakes, such as the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake (Mw 7.9) in China, the 2010 Haiti...
Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 20, 2018
After publication of this study (Wang et al. 2018), we noticed a major mistake in the Fig. 7 that... more After publication of this study (Wang et al. 2018), we noticed a major mistake in the Fig. 7 that the Fig. 7a and the Fig. 7b were published with a same picture. The correct Fig. 7 was labeled here. We sincerely regret for the error, and sorry for the inconveniences!
This study provides a new record of nitrogen (N) deposition and ecological response at a remote, ... more This study provides a new record of nitrogen (N) deposition and ecological response at a remote, high-elevation lake within the ecologically fragile Three River Headwaters Region, northwest China, from the early 20thCentury to the past decade. A multi-proxy investigation of a lake sediment core including analyses of chironomids (non-biting midge), lake sediment geochemistry (δ15N, δ13C, TN, TOC, OC:TN), pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs and 210Pb-dating. Results were compared with regional pollution forcings, including fertiliser application, atmospheric nitrate and dust deposition, and a localised multiscale air quality modelling system for N-deposition. Our data reflect a mesotrophic lake for the majority of the 20th Century with minimal anthropogenic impact. A shift in the lake conditions is evident after 1985 with increased nutrient enrichment. Low δ15N, OC:TN and increasing TN values, together with an increase in chironomid taxa associated with eutrophic conditions and macrophyte...
Reforestation is a critical means of addressing the environmental and social problems of deforest... more Reforestation is a critical means of addressing the environmental and social problems of deforestation. China's Grain-for-Green Program (GFGP) is the world's largest reforestation scheme. Here we provide the first nationwide assessment of the tree composition of GFGP forests and the first combined ecological and economic study aimed at understanding GFGP's biodiversity implications. Across China, GFGP forests are overwhelmingly monocultures or compositionally simple mixed forests. Focusing on birds and bees in Sichuan Province, we find that GFGP reforestation results in modest gains (via mixed forest) and losses (via monocultures) of bird diversity, along with major losses of bee diversity. Moreover, all current modes of GFGP reforestation fall short of restoring biodiversity to levels approximating native forests. However, even within existing modes of reforestation, GFGP can achieve greater biodiversity gains by promoting mixed forests over monocultures; doing so is un...
The Science of the total environment, Aug 22, 2016
Massive deposition of calcium carbonate in ambient temperature waters (tufa) can form magnificent... more Massive deposition of calcium carbonate in ambient temperature waters (tufa) can form magnificent tufa landscapes, many of which are designated as protected areas. However, tufa landscapes in many areas are threatened by both local anthropogenic activities and climate change. This study, for the first time, posed the question whether the tufa landscape degradation (characterized by tufa degradation and increased biomass of green algae) in Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve of China is partially caused by regional air pollution and climate warming. The results indicate that wet deposition (including rain and snow) polluted by anthropogenic SO2, NOx, and NH3 emissions dissolves exposed tufa and may considerably reduce tufa deposition rate and even cause tufa dissolution within shallow waters. These effects of wet deposition on tufa enhanced as pH of wet deposition decreased from 8.01 to 5.06. Annual Volume Weighted Mean concentration of reactive nitrogen (including NH4(+) and NO3(-)) ...
Fish farming has seriously influenced the aquatic environment in Sancha reservoir in SW China sin... more Fish farming has seriously influenced the aquatic environment in Sancha reservoir in SW China since 1985 and has been strongly restricted since 2005. Thus, phosphorus speciation in a sediment core dated between 1945 and 2010 at cm-resolution and in surface sediments from Sancha reservoir may allow us track how fish farming impacts phosphorus dynamics in lake sediments. Fish farming shifts the major binding forms of phosphorus in sediments from organic to residual phosphorus, which mostly originated from fish feed. Sorption to metal oxides and association with organic matters are important mechanisms for phosphorus immobilisation with low fish farming activities, whereas calcium-bound phosphorous had an essential contribution to sediment phosphorus increases under intensive fish framing. Notwithstanding the shifting, the aforementioned phosphorus fractions are usually inert in the lake environment, therefore changing phosphorus mobility little. The use of fish feed and water-purifica...
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