A new piggyBac–related transposable element (TE) was found in the genome of a mutant Anticarsia g... more A new piggyBac–related transposable element (TE) was found in the genome of a mutant Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus interrupting an inhibitor of apoptosis gene. This mutant virus induces apoptosis upon infection of an Anticarsia gemmatalis cell line, but not in a Trichoplusia ni cell line. The sequence of the new TE (which was named IDT for iap disruptor transposon) has 2531 bp with two DNA sequences flanking a putative Transposase (Tpase) ORF of 1719 bp coding for a protein with 572 amino acids. These structural features are similar to the piggyBac TE, also reported for the first time in the genome of a baculovirus. We have also isolated variants of this new TE from different lepidopteran insect cells and compared their Tpase sequences.
A new piggyBac–related transposable element (TE) was found in the genome of a mutant Anticarsia g... more A new piggyBac–related transposable element (TE) was found in the genome of a mutant Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus interrupting an inhibitor of apoptosis gene. This mutant virus induces apoptosis upon infection of an Anticarsia gemmatalis cell line, but not in a Trichoplusia ni cell line. The sequence of the new TE (which was named IDT for iap disruptor transposon) has 2531 bp with two DNA sequences flanking a putative Transposase (Tpase) ORF of 1719 bp coding for a protein with 572 amino acids. These structural features are similar to the piggyBac TE, also reported for the first time in the genome of a baculovirus. We have also isolated variants of this new TE from different lepidopteran insect cells and compared their Tpase sequences.
Background The impact of the pandemic caused by the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), causing the disease... more Background The impact of the pandemic caused by the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), causing the disease COVID-19, has brought losses to the world in terms of deaths, economic and health problems. The expected return of the public to activities adapted to the new health situation led to discussions about the use of vaccination and its effects. However, the demand for proof of vaccination showed how inconsistent, unregistered, and uncontrolled this health process is with current technologies. Despite the proven effectiveness of vaccines in reducing infection rates, mortality, and morbidity, there are still doubts about their use in preventing certain infections and injuries, as well as the use of digital medical records for identification at public events and disease prevention. Therefore, this review aims to analyze the use of digital immunization cards in disease prevention in general. Methods A systematic review of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS /BSV, CINALH, and IEEE and Xplore was per...
Trauma is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Corneal tissue donors generally are ... more Trauma is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Corneal tissue donors generally are those who suffered an injury to the brain or fatal trauma caused by stroke, vehicle/motorbike accidents, gunshot wounds, and drowning or cardiovascular death. In Brazil, the Distrito Federal (DF) Eye Bank, located within a trauma center hospital, and the Secretariat of Public Security have collaborated with the aim of increasing the overall number of cornea donations from fatal trauma victims. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of cornea tissue for transplantation derived from trauma-related death. The records of eyes donated in the DF Eye Bank were analyzed retrospectively for the period from 2004-2013. We had 3388 cornea donors, the majority of which were between 21 and 30 years old (17.4%), which were derived from violent death (84.1%; P = .00) and were predominately male (73.5%). Among the donated corneas, 54.0% were used for optic purposes. Mechanical trauma ...
Nef proteins from all primate Lentiviruses, including the simian immunodeficiency virus of chimpa... more Nef proteins from all primate Lentiviruses, including the simian immunodeficiency virus of chimpanzees (SIVcpz), increase viral progeny infectivity. However, the function of Nef involved with the increase in viral infectivity is still not completely understood. Nonetheless, until now, studies investigating the functions of Nef from SIVcpz have been conducted in the context of the HIV-1 proviruses. In an attempt to investigate the role played by Nef during the replication cycle of an SIVcpz, a Nef-defective derivative was obtained from the SIVcpzWTGab2 clone by introducing a frame shift mutation at a unique restriction site within the nef sequence. This nef-deleted clone expresses an N-terminal 74-amino acid truncated peptide of Nef and was named SIVcpz-tNef. We found that the SIVcpz-tNef does not behave as a classic nef-deleted HIV-1 or simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques SIVmac. Markedly, SIVcpz-tNef progeny from both Hek-293T and Molt producer cells were completely non-infec...
Vital to patient safety is the accurate assessment and minimization of risk for human immunodefic... more Vital to patient safety is the accurate assessment and minimization of risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis C (HCV), and Hepatitis B (HBV) virus transmission by deceased donor organ and tissue transplantation. The pathogens are tested by serological kits based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), chemiluminescence (CLIA) and eletrochemiluminescence (ECLIA) immunoassays. Organ transplantation is a highly successful life-saving treatment in Brazil, but the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency currently mandates that all deceased organ donors are screened for HIV, HCV and HBV following living donor policies. In this review, six ELISA (Wama®, Bio-Rad®, Biomerieux®, DiaSorin®, Acon Biotech® and Biokit®), three CLIA (Abbott®, Siemens®, Diasorin®) and one ECLIA (Roche®) were utilized for evaluating the effectiveness of those serological tests for deceased donors in Brazil according to manufacturer’s guidelines. NAT for HIV, HCV and HBV can assist with detection o...
Human and Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV and SIV) are the etiological agents of the Acquire... more Human and Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV and SIV) are the etiological agents of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in humans and the Simian AIDS (SAIDS) in macaques, respectively. HIVs and SIVs are members of the Retroviridae family, Lentivirus genera, and are considered complex retroviruses since its genome organization predicts the presence of at least 6 open reading frames (ORFs) in addition to the main Gag, Pol and Env ORFs present in the genomes of all retroviruses. These additional ORFs code for both regulatory (Tat and Rev) and accessory (Nef, Vif, Vpr, Vpu and Vpx) viral proteins and are all organized from the 5’ half of the genome in a way that overlap both with each other and with the Pol and Env ORFs and the non-coding 3’ Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) region (Figure 1). To ensure its expression and to achieve an optimal production of the viral progeny, complex mechanisms have evolved in these viruses that tightly control the expression of these ORFs during t...
Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the causes for discarding corneas at the Eye Bank... more Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the causes for discarding corneas at the Eye Bank of the Federal District in Brasilia, Brazil, and describe the social and demographic variables and Causa Mortis of cornea donors from 2014 to 2017. Methods: We conducted an exploratory and social-epidemiologic descriptive study regarding cornea donation. The data base information was obtained from the corneal donor’s medical records analysis. All of the potential donors’ records (cause of death, cause of cornea discard, month of donation, age, gender, and time of death, corneal enucleation and preservation), from 2014 to 2017 were included in the study. Results: We looked at 1,574 corneal donor notifications. Demographic characteristics displayed significant differences in gender distribution (male, 74.8% and female, 25.2%), and the average donor age was 40 ± 15.9 years. 25% of the causes of death were from cardiovascular disease followed by 19.6% from sharp or blunt instrument injury, ...
To evaluate factors affecting corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) under enucleation and preser... more To evaluate factors affecting corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) under enucleation and preservation time studies at Eye Bank of the Federal District of Brazil. We conducted a case–control study collecting data from 1128 corneas where death-to-enucleation time and enucleation-to-preservation time were within 24 h. Low cell count were those corneas with an ECD less than 2000 cells/mm 2 and high cell count was defined as those with ECD greater than 2000 cells/mm 2 . We calculated the independent risk factors related to: cause of death, donor age, death-to-enucleation time, enucleation-to-preservation time and primary graft failure. Correlation analysis was used to assess which parameters influence ECD: death-to-enucleation time, enucleation-to-preservation time, average cell area (AVE), coefficient of variation and percentage of hexagonal cells. Of the total number of corneas, 1004 had ECD data and were selected for the study. 87.4% (n = 877) had high cell counts with 2699 ± 412 ce...
A new piggyBac–related transposable element (TE) was found in the genome of a mutant Anticarsia g... more A new piggyBac–related transposable element (TE) was found in the genome of a mutant Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus interrupting an inhibitor of apoptosis gene. This mutant virus induces apoptosis upon infection of an Anticarsia gemmatalis cell line, but not in a Trichoplusia ni cell line. The sequence of the new TE (which was named IDT for iap disruptor transposon) has 2531 bp with two DNA sequences flanking a putative Transposase (Tpase) ORF of 1719 bp coding for a protein with 572 amino acids. These structural features are similar to the piggyBac TE, also reported for the first time in the genome of a baculovirus. We have also isolated variants of this new TE from different lepidopteran insect cells and compared their Tpase sequences.
A new piggyBac–related transposable element (TE) was found in the genome of a mutant Anticarsia g... more A new piggyBac–related transposable element (TE) was found in the genome of a mutant Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus interrupting an inhibitor of apoptosis gene. This mutant virus induces apoptosis upon infection of an Anticarsia gemmatalis cell line, but not in a Trichoplusia ni cell line. The sequence of the new TE (which was named IDT for iap disruptor transposon) has 2531 bp with two DNA sequences flanking a putative Transposase (Tpase) ORF of 1719 bp coding for a protein with 572 amino acids. These structural features are similar to the piggyBac TE, also reported for the first time in the genome of a baculovirus. We have also isolated variants of this new TE from different lepidopteran insect cells and compared their Tpase sequences.
Background The impact of the pandemic caused by the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), causing the disease... more Background The impact of the pandemic caused by the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), causing the disease COVID-19, has brought losses to the world in terms of deaths, economic and health problems. The expected return of the public to activities adapted to the new health situation led to discussions about the use of vaccination and its effects. However, the demand for proof of vaccination showed how inconsistent, unregistered, and uncontrolled this health process is with current technologies. Despite the proven effectiveness of vaccines in reducing infection rates, mortality, and morbidity, there are still doubts about their use in preventing certain infections and injuries, as well as the use of digital medical records for identification at public events and disease prevention. Therefore, this review aims to analyze the use of digital immunization cards in disease prevention in general. Methods A systematic review of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS /BSV, CINALH, and IEEE and Xplore was per...
Trauma is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Corneal tissue donors generally are ... more Trauma is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Corneal tissue donors generally are those who suffered an injury to the brain or fatal trauma caused by stroke, vehicle/motorbike accidents, gunshot wounds, and drowning or cardiovascular death. In Brazil, the Distrito Federal (DF) Eye Bank, located within a trauma center hospital, and the Secretariat of Public Security have collaborated with the aim of increasing the overall number of cornea donations from fatal trauma victims. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of cornea tissue for transplantation derived from trauma-related death. The records of eyes donated in the DF Eye Bank were analyzed retrospectively for the period from 2004-2013. We had 3388 cornea donors, the majority of which were between 21 and 30 years old (17.4%), which were derived from violent death (84.1%; P = .00) and were predominately male (73.5%). Among the donated corneas, 54.0% were used for optic purposes. Mechanical trauma ...
Nef proteins from all primate Lentiviruses, including the simian immunodeficiency virus of chimpa... more Nef proteins from all primate Lentiviruses, including the simian immunodeficiency virus of chimpanzees (SIVcpz), increase viral progeny infectivity. However, the function of Nef involved with the increase in viral infectivity is still not completely understood. Nonetheless, until now, studies investigating the functions of Nef from SIVcpz have been conducted in the context of the HIV-1 proviruses. In an attempt to investigate the role played by Nef during the replication cycle of an SIVcpz, a Nef-defective derivative was obtained from the SIVcpzWTGab2 clone by introducing a frame shift mutation at a unique restriction site within the nef sequence. This nef-deleted clone expresses an N-terminal 74-amino acid truncated peptide of Nef and was named SIVcpz-tNef. We found that the SIVcpz-tNef does not behave as a classic nef-deleted HIV-1 or simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques SIVmac. Markedly, SIVcpz-tNef progeny from both Hek-293T and Molt producer cells were completely non-infec...
Vital to patient safety is the accurate assessment and minimization of risk for human immunodefic... more Vital to patient safety is the accurate assessment and minimization of risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis C (HCV), and Hepatitis B (HBV) virus transmission by deceased donor organ and tissue transplantation. The pathogens are tested by serological kits based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), chemiluminescence (CLIA) and eletrochemiluminescence (ECLIA) immunoassays. Organ transplantation is a highly successful life-saving treatment in Brazil, but the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency currently mandates that all deceased organ donors are screened for HIV, HCV and HBV following living donor policies. In this review, six ELISA (Wama®, Bio-Rad®, Biomerieux®, DiaSorin®, Acon Biotech® and Biokit®), three CLIA (Abbott®, Siemens®, Diasorin®) and one ECLIA (Roche®) were utilized for evaluating the effectiveness of those serological tests for deceased donors in Brazil according to manufacturer’s guidelines. NAT for HIV, HCV and HBV can assist with detection o...
Human and Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV and SIV) are the etiological agents of the Acquire... more Human and Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV and SIV) are the etiological agents of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in humans and the Simian AIDS (SAIDS) in macaques, respectively. HIVs and SIVs are members of the Retroviridae family, Lentivirus genera, and are considered complex retroviruses since its genome organization predicts the presence of at least 6 open reading frames (ORFs) in addition to the main Gag, Pol and Env ORFs present in the genomes of all retroviruses. These additional ORFs code for both regulatory (Tat and Rev) and accessory (Nef, Vif, Vpr, Vpu and Vpx) viral proteins and are all organized from the 5’ half of the genome in a way that overlap both with each other and with the Pol and Env ORFs and the non-coding 3’ Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) region (Figure 1). To ensure its expression and to achieve an optimal production of the viral progeny, complex mechanisms have evolved in these viruses that tightly control the expression of these ORFs during t...
Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the causes for discarding corneas at the Eye Bank... more Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the causes for discarding corneas at the Eye Bank of the Federal District in Brasilia, Brazil, and describe the social and demographic variables and Causa Mortis of cornea donors from 2014 to 2017. Methods: We conducted an exploratory and social-epidemiologic descriptive study regarding cornea donation. The data base information was obtained from the corneal donor’s medical records analysis. All of the potential donors’ records (cause of death, cause of cornea discard, month of donation, age, gender, and time of death, corneal enucleation and preservation), from 2014 to 2017 were included in the study. Results: We looked at 1,574 corneal donor notifications. Demographic characteristics displayed significant differences in gender distribution (male, 74.8% and female, 25.2%), and the average donor age was 40 ± 15.9 years. 25% of the causes of death were from cardiovascular disease followed by 19.6% from sharp or blunt instrument injury, ...
To evaluate factors affecting corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) under enucleation and preser... more To evaluate factors affecting corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) under enucleation and preservation time studies at Eye Bank of the Federal District of Brazil. We conducted a case–control study collecting data from 1128 corneas where death-to-enucleation time and enucleation-to-preservation time were within 24 h. Low cell count were those corneas with an ECD less than 2000 cells/mm 2 and high cell count was defined as those with ECD greater than 2000 cells/mm 2 . We calculated the independent risk factors related to: cause of death, donor age, death-to-enucleation time, enucleation-to-preservation time and primary graft failure. Correlation analysis was used to assess which parameters influence ECD: death-to-enucleation time, enucleation-to-preservation time, average cell area (AVE), coefficient of variation and percentage of hexagonal cells. Of the total number of corneas, 1004 had ECD data and were selected for the study. 87.4% (n = 877) had high cell counts with 2699 ± 412 ce...
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