User experience of 3D visualization on light field displays depends on several technical and huma... more User experience of 3D visualization on light field displays depends on several technical and human factors. One of these factors is Region of Interest, which determines the properties of visualization, such as the level of zoom. In this paper we present the results of three experiments investigating the effect of level of zoom on Quality of Experience. These experiments use different subjective quality assessment methods to evaluate user experience. Beyond the subjective preference of the visualized 3D content, visual comfort is measured as well.
The practical usage of V2X communication protocols started emerging in recent years. Data built o... more The practical usage of V2X communication protocols started emerging in recent years. Data built on sensor information are displayed via onboard units and smart devices. However, perceptually obtaining such data may be counterproductive in terms of visual attention, particularly in the case of safety-related applications. Using the windshield as a display may solve this issue, but switching between 2D information and the 3D reality of traffic may introduce issues of its own. To overcome such difficulties, automotive light field visualization is introduced. In this paper, we investigate the visualization of V2X communication protocols and use cases via projection-based light field technology. Our work is motivated by the abundance of V2X sensor data, the low latency of V2X data transfer, the availability of automotive light field prototypes, the prevalent dominance of non-autonomous and non-remote driving, and the lack of V2X-based light field solutions. As our primary contributions, ...
2016 12th International Conference on Signal-Image Technology & Internet-Based Systems (SITIS), 2016
The quality of visual contents displayed on 3D autostereoscopic displays – such as light field di... more The quality of visual contents displayed on 3D autostereoscopic displays – such as light field displays – essentially depend on factors that are not present in case of 3D stereoscopic or 2D ones, like angular resolution. A higher number of views in a given field of view enables a smoother, continuous motion parallax, but evidently requires more resources to transmit and display. However, in several cases a sufficiently high number of views might not even be available, thus light field reconstruction is required to increase the density of intermediate views. In this paper we introduce the results of a research aiming to measure the perceptual difference between light field reconstruction and different angular resolutions via a series of subjective image quality assessments. The analysis also calls attention to transmission requirements of content for light field displays.
With the appearance of light field displays, users may enjoy a much more natural sensation of 3D ... more With the appearance of light field displays, users may enjoy a much more natural sensation of 3D experience compared to prior technologies. This type of autostereoscopic, glasses-free visualization allows medical applications to improve both in usability and efficiency. The high angular resolution of medical images is resource-consuming, but can only be reduced while maintaining a sufficient level of overall quality through continuous parallax. A dense image set can also be achieved by applying the synthesis of intermediate views. In this paper we provide the analysis of the effect of reduced angular resolution and image synthesis on Quality of Experience in medical applications. Two separate series of subjective quality assessment measurements were conducted with 20 participants each, one focusing on angular resolution reduction and another one comparing the effect of such reductions with the quality of reconstructed images.
We present a scalable holographic system design targeting multi-user interactive computer graphic... more We present a scalable holographic system design targeting multi-user interactive computer graphics applications. The display uses a specially arranged array of micro-displays and a holographic screen. Each point of the holographic screen emits light beams of different color and intensity to the various directions, in a controlled manner. The light beams are generated through a light modulation system arranged in a specific geometry and the holographic screen makes the necessary optical transformation to compose these beams into a perfectly continuous 3D view. With proper software control, the light beams leaving the various pixels can be made to propagate in multiple directions, as if they were emitted from physical objects at fixed spatial locations. The display is driven by DVI streams generated by multiple consumer level graphics boards and decoded in real-time by image processing units that feed the optical modules at high refresh rates. An OpenGL compliant library running on a ...
Among novel capture and visualization technologies, light field has made significant progress in ... more Among novel capture and visualization technologies, light field has made significant progress in the current decade, bringing closer its emergence in everyday use cases. Unlike many other forms of 3D displays and devices, light field visualization does not depend on any viewing equipment. Regarding its potential use cases, light field is applicable to both cinematic and interactive contents. Such contents often rely on camera animation, which is a frequent tool for the creation and presentation of 2D contents. However, while common 3D camera animation is often rather straightforward, light field visualization has certain constraints that must be considered before implementing any variation of such techniques. In this paper, we introduce our work on camera animation for light field visualization. Different types of conventional camera animation were applied to light field contents, which produced an interactive simulation. The simulation was visualized and assessed on a real light fi...
Light field displays depict the real world by emitting light rays corresponding to the 3D space o... more Light field displays depict the real world by emitting light rays corresponding to the 3D space of the scene or object that is to be represented. Therefore, such displays are suitable for utilization in a multitude of use cases, including the cinema. Cinematography is the art encompassing motion picture photography. It describes a great number of methods for working with physical cameras. For example, a camera can be mounted on a car in a typical chase scene, attached to a spring, suspended or mounted on a colliding object and many more. Although these camera rigs may produce exceptional visuals, achieving similar results by using light field cameras will be extremely challenging. In order to capture light fields, two sets of possible solutions can occur. These include capturing light fields by means of an actual light field camera or via an array of cameras, where the latter may be planar or curved. Using one way or the other is rather demanding, as each method has its own limitati...
User experience of 3D visualization on light field displays depends on several technical and huma... more User experience of 3D visualization on light field displays depends on several technical and human factors. One of these factors is Region of Interest, which determines the properties of visualization, such as the level of zoom. In this paper we present the results of three experiments investigating the effect of level of zoom on Quality of Experience. These experiments use different subjective quality assessment methods to evaluate user experience. Beyond the subjective preference of the visualized 3D content, visual comfort is measured as well.
The practical usage of V2X communication protocols started emerging in recent years. Data built o... more The practical usage of V2X communication protocols started emerging in recent years. Data built on sensor information are displayed via onboard units and smart devices. However, perceptually obtaining such data may be counterproductive in terms of visual attention, particularly in the case of safety-related applications. Using the windshield as a display may solve this issue, but switching between 2D information and the 3D reality of traffic may introduce issues of its own. To overcome such difficulties, automotive light field visualization is introduced. In this paper, we investigate the visualization of V2X communication protocols and use cases via projection-based light field technology. Our work is motivated by the abundance of V2X sensor data, the low latency of V2X data transfer, the availability of automotive light field prototypes, the prevalent dominance of non-autonomous and non-remote driving, and the lack of V2X-based light field solutions. As our primary contributions, ...
2016 12th International Conference on Signal-Image Technology & Internet-Based Systems (SITIS), 2016
The quality of visual contents displayed on 3D autostereoscopic displays – such as light field di... more The quality of visual contents displayed on 3D autostereoscopic displays – such as light field displays – essentially depend on factors that are not present in case of 3D stereoscopic or 2D ones, like angular resolution. A higher number of views in a given field of view enables a smoother, continuous motion parallax, but evidently requires more resources to transmit and display. However, in several cases a sufficiently high number of views might not even be available, thus light field reconstruction is required to increase the density of intermediate views. In this paper we introduce the results of a research aiming to measure the perceptual difference between light field reconstruction and different angular resolutions via a series of subjective image quality assessments. The analysis also calls attention to transmission requirements of content for light field displays.
With the appearance of light field displays, users may enjoy a much more natural sensation of 3D ... more With the appearance of light field displays, users may enjoy a much more natural sensation of 3D experience compared to prior technologies. This type of autostereoscopic, glasses-free visualization allows medical applications to improve both in usability and efficiency. The high angular resolution of medical images is resource-consuming, but can only be reduced while maintaining a sufficient level of overall quality through continuous parallax. A dense image set can also be achieved by applying the synthesis of intermediate views. In this paper we provide the analysis of the effect of reduced angular resolution and image synthesis on Quality of Experience in medical applications. Two separate series of subjective quality assessment measurements were conducted with 20 participants each, one focusing on angular resolution reduction and another one comparing the effect of such reductions with the quality of reconstructed images.
We present a scalable holographic system design targeting multi-user interactive computer graphic... more We present a scalable holographic system design targeting multi-user interactive computer graphics applications. The display uses a specially arranged array of micro-displays and a holographic screen. Each point of the holographic screen emits light beams of different color and intensity to the various directions, in a controlled manner. The light beams are generated through a light modulation system arranged in a specific geometry and the holographic screen makes the necessary optical transformation to compose these beams into a perfectly continuous 3D view. With proper software control, the light beams leaving the various pixels can be made to propagate in multiple directions, as if they were emitted from physical objects at fixed spatial locations. The display is driven by DVI streams generated by multiple consumer level graphics boards and decoded in real-time by image processing units that feed the optical modules at high refresh rates. An OpenGL compliant library running on a ...
Among novel capture and visualization technologies, light field has made significant progress in ... more Among novel capture and visualization technologies, light field has made significant progress in the current decade, bringing closer its emergence in everyday use cases. Unlike many other forms of 3D displays and devices, light field visualization does not depend on any viewing equipment. Regarding its potential use cases, light field is applicable to both cinematic and interactive contents. Such contents often rely on camera animation, which is a frequent tool for the creation and presentation of 2D contents. However, while common 3D camera animation is often rather straightforward, light field visualization has certain constraints that must be considered before implementing any variation of such techniques. In this paper, we introduce our work on camera animation for light field visualization. Different types of conventional camera animation were applied to light field contents, which produced an interactive simulation. The simulation was visualized and assessed on a real light fi...
Light field displays depict the real world by emitting light rays corresponding to the 3D space o... more Light field displays depict the real world by emitting light rays corresponding to the 3D space of the scene or object that is to be represented. Therefore, such displays are suitable for utilization in a multitude of use cases, including the cinema. Cinematography is the art encompassing motion picture photography. It describes a great number of methods for working with physical cameras. For example, a camera can be mounted on a car in a typical chase scene, attached to a spring, suspended or mounted on a colliding object and many more. Although these camera rigs may produce exceptional visuals, achieving similar results by using light field cameras will be extremely challenging. In order to capture light fields, two sets of possible solutions can occur. These include capturing light fields by means of an actual light field camera or via an array of cameras, where the latter may be planar or curved. Using one way or the other is rather demanding, as each method has its own limitati...
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