Through the years, the COVID-19 epidemic has exacerbated existing socioeconomic and political ine... more Through the years, the COVID-19 epidemic has exacerbated existing socioeconomic and political inequities, causing profound changes in communities all over the world. Africa has seen a significant loss of lives and economic damages across the continent. The study takes a qualitative approach in terms of methodology, with documentary sources being used to obtain and analyze data. The urgency of the COVID-19 epidemic, according to the study, necessitated swift flow of public monies, rapid decision-making, and extraordinary public health actions. As a result of making hasty decisions about disbursing funds to respond to emergencies, corruption opportunities arose. The COVID-19’s destructive effects, which have resulted in increased poverty among Nigeria’s most vulnerable people, call into doubt the government’s use of public resources. According to the study, the epidemic has resulted in a significant, quick increase in aid, spending, and procurement, which frequently compromises transp...
This paper examined the implications of using interviews as method of data collection in social s... more This paper examined the implications of using interviews as method of data collection in social sciences with reference to researcher’s experience during fieldwork. The paper is purely qualitative and documentary sources were source of data collection. The paper argued that interview as an instrument of data collection when compared to other data collection techniques like questionnaire is more powerful in eliciting narrative data that allow researchers to investigate people's views in greater depth. The paper indicated that interview as a tool for social science data collection research helps to facilitate in obtaining direct explanation for human actions through a comprehensive speech interaction. The paper concluded that although interviewing is a powerful way of getting insights into interviewee's perceptions, it could go hand in hand with other methods providing in-depth information about participants' inner values and beliefs. For instance, using personal observati...
FUDMA JOURNAL OF POLITICS AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, Sep 14, 2020
This paper examined the incidence of insurgency and government's response with focus on a... more This paper examined the incidence of insurgency and government's response with focus on amnesty programme in the Niger Delta region with reference to Bayelsa State. The paper is essentially qualitative. Primary data and documentary sources were the major sources of data collection. Respondents of In-depth Interviews (IDIs) were purposively selected. To correlate resource conflict discourse, the paper drew upon greed and elite thesis. It indicated that amnesty programme is lopsided as victims of environmental degradation were excluded from enjoying amnesty benefits. The paper recommended that Amnesty is a laudable policy for Niger Delta region, but it is not an end itself and must be complemented by broader socioeconomic, structural and political reforms to address the deep-seated grievances that have resulted in violent agitations in the Niger delta region.
The paper examined the synergy between Sun Tzu strategic thought with counterinsurgency in Nigeri... more The paper examined the synergy between Sun Tzu strategic thought with counterinsurgency in Nigeria. The paper is purely qualitative in approach and documentary sources were used to at least historically analyze available information of the issue discussed. The paper submitted though subject to criticism that Sun Tzu thought is a masterpiece in addressing the problem of insurgency in Nigeria. Keywords: Insurgency, Nigerian State, Terrorism, War and Intelligence
This paper examines the role of political parties and politicians in political mobilization in Za... more This paper examines the role of political parties and politicians in political mobilization in Zamfara state and the implications of the strategies used by political parties and politicians in political mobilization. The paper is essentially qualitative. Primary data and documentary sources were the major sources of data collection. Respondents of key Informants Interviews (KIIs) were purposively selected. Political mobilization was used as the framework of analysis to support the argument. The paper found that political parties and politicians play a vital role in political mobilization in Zamfara. The paper argued that political parties organized and aggregate public opinion, transmit public demands to the government and viceversa, recruit political leaders in political mobilizations and socialization as well as provision of welfare services. The paper concluded that in spite of the ideal nature of political mobilization towards political participation, the roles of political part...
This paper examined the factors that precipitate violent conflicts in the Niger Delta Region with... more This paper examined the factors that precipitate violent conflicts in the Niger Delta Region with specific reference to Bayelsa State. The paper is essentially qualitative. Primary data and documentary sources were used for this study. Respondents of Indepth Interviews (IDIs) were purposively selected. To correlate resource conflict discourse, the study drew upon Frustration Aggression Theory. The central argument of this paper is that underdevelopment of the region is firmly rooted in the systemic corruption that has become a culture among the political elites of the region. It also argued that the feelings of discontent are as a result of poverty and devastation of the environment as a result of oil exploration and which is the basis for such violent agitations. The paper indicated that elites and inhabitants of the area have persistently blamed this malaise on the lopsided distribution of Nigeria’s oil wealth. The paper recommended that Amnesty programme is a laudable policy in B...
Election is a very important component of a democratic process in any country because, it is a fo... more Election is a very important component of a democratic process in any country because, it is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office, and hence all the other variables of democracy revolve around elections. Elections represent a medium through a country can project its international image either positively or negatively through several means, particularly the electoral processes. This paper examined the influenced of 2015 general elections on Nigeria’s international image. The paper is essentially qualitative in its approach and documentary sources were the major instruments used for data collection. The paper found that what made the 2015 Nigeria’s general election credible was proper conduct of the election and general acceptability of the candidates competing for different political post. The paper argues that series of elections have been conducted in Nigeria; but the 2015 general elections actually determine the stand o...
This paper examines the role of political parties and politicians in political mobilization in Za... more This paper examines the role of political parties and politicians in political mobilization in Zamfara state and the implications of the strategies used by political parties and politicians in political mobilization. The paper is essentially qualitative. Primary data and documentary sources were the major sources of data collection. Respondents of key Informants Interviews (KIIs) were purposively selected. Political mobilization was used as the framework of analysis to support the argument. The paper found that political parties and politicians play a vital role in political mobilization in Zamfara. The paper argued that political parties organized and aggregate public opinion, transmit public demands to the government and viceversa, recruit political leaders in political mobilizations and socialization as well as provision of welfare services. The paper concluded that in spite of the ideal nature of political mobilization towards political participation, the roles of political part...
This study explored the political economy of Boko Haram insurgency in the North-east of Nigeria. ... more This study explored the political economy of Boko Haram insurgency in the North-east of Nigeria. The central argument of this study is that, the upsurge Boko Haram Insurgency has posed serious threats to economy and insecurities to human existence in Nigeria. Using both primary and secondary data collection method the study identify among other things that Boko Haram insurgency have claimed thousands of lives and displaced inestimable properties, rendering the northeast region as the most dangerous zone in Nigeria today. That such threat affects the nation’s stability and development prospects. Using frustration aggression theory, the study identified various factors that precipitated the growth and development of Boko Haram insurgency in the northern Nigeria. These include: inequality and social injustices, ethnicity problem, sycophancy, favouritism and marginalization, bad governance and corruption, religious extremism, unemployment, poverty and social frustration. The study conc...
The paper examined the role of crude oil on Nigeria’s foreign policy. The paper is qualitative in... more The paper examined the role of crude oil on Nigeria’s foreign policy. The paper is qualitative in approach, historical and exploratory methods where used to analyze the data. The paper revealed that crude oil not only contribute in the economy of Nigerian state but also influences its foreign policy objective at the international system. The study found out that Crude oil sustains Nigeria’s economy the over years 80% of revenue in Nigeria is derived from oil. This crude oil in Nigeria but ironically, the huge amount realized from the oil does not really translate to development and improvement of its foreign policy achievement. The paper concludes that Foreign policy not only shapes Nigeria’s identity at large but also determines its place and its future in the world. Without exception, the foreign of states in today’s world consider issues of production, exchange, technology, market alliance, economic development, political stability and predictability, quality of governance, and p...
This paper examined the implications of using interviews as method of data collection in social s... more This paper examined the implications of using interviews as method of data collection in social sciences with reference to researcher's experience during fieldwork. The paper is purely qualitative and documentary sources were source of data collection. The paper argued that interview as an instrument of data collection when compared to other data collection techniques like questionnaire is more powerful in eliciting narrative data that allow researchers to investigate people's views in greater depth. The paper indicated that interview as a tool for social science data collection research helps to facilitate in obtaining direct explanation for human actions through a comprehensive speech interaction. The paper concluded that although interviewing is a powerful way of getting insights into interviewee's perceptions, it could go hand in hand with other methods providing in-depth information about participants' inner values and beliefs. For instance, using personal obser...
Election is a very important component of a democratic process in any country because, it is a fo... more Election is a very important component of a democratic process in any country because, it is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office, and hence all the other variables of democracy revolve around elections. Elections represent a medium through a country can project its international image either positively or negatively through several means, particularly the electoral processes. This paper examined the influenced of 2015 general elections on Nigeria's international image. The paper is essentially qualitative in its approach and documentary sources were the major instruments used for data collection. The paper found that what made the 2015 Nigeria's general election credible was proper conduct of the election and general acceptability of the candidates competing for different political post. The paper argues that series of elections have been conducted in Nigeria; but the 2015 general elections actually determine the stand of Nigeria is the global support for democracy. The election not only received global commendations but also placed Nigeria as leading role of African democratic trends which many learn lesson from it their future conducts of elections. The paper concludes that violence is the greatest enemy of democracy, being the bane of Nigeria's march to democracy. This is because there can be no democratic elections, democratization, consolidation of democracy, growth in democratic culture or internalization of best democratic practices in any country if electoral violence is prevalent. The paper recommends among others that there is need for Nigerian state to build on the existing institutions that would ensure credible elections so that future elections would be more violent-free than the recent elections.
Through the years, the COVID-19 epidemic has exacerbated existing socioeconomic and political ine... more Through the years, the COVID-19 epidemic has exacerbated existing socioeconomic and political inequities, causing profound changes in communities all over the world. Africa has seen a significant loss of lives and economic damages across the continent. The study takes a qualitative approach in terms of methodology, with documentary sources being used to obtain and analyze data. The urgency of the COVID-19 epidemic, according to the study, necessitated swift flow of public monies, rapid decision-making, and extraordinary public health actions. As a result of making hasty decisions about disbursing funds to respond to emergencies, corruption opportunities arose. The COVID-19’s destructive effects, which have resulted in increased poverty among Nigeria’s most vulnerable people, call into doubt the government’s use of public resources. According to the study, the epidemic has resulted in a significant, quick increase in aid, spending, and procurement, which frequently compromises transp...
This paper examined the implications of using interviews as method of data collection in social s... more This paper examined the implications of using interviews as method of data collection in social sciences with reference to researcher’s experience during fieldwork. The paper is purely qualitative and documentary sources were source of data collection. The paper argued that interview as an instrument of data collection when compared to other data collection techniques like questionnaire is more powerful in eliciting narrative data that allow researchers to investigate people's views in greater depth. The paper indicated that interview as a tool for social science data collection research helps to facilitate in obtaining direct explanation for human actions through a comprehensive speech interaction. The paper concluded that although interviewing is a powerful way of getting insights into interviewee's perceptions, it could go hand in hand with other methods providing in-depth information about participants' inner values and beliefs. For instance, using personal observati...
FUDMA JOURNAL OF POLITICS AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, Sep 14, 2020
This paper examined the incidence of insurgency and government's response with focus on a... more This paper examined the incidence of insurgency and government's response with focus on amnesty programme in the Niger Delta region with reference to Bayelsa State. The paper is essentially qualitative. Primary data and documentary sources were the major sources of data collection. Respondents of In-depth Interviews (IDIs) were purposively selected. To correlate resource conflict discourse, the paper drew upon greed and elite thesis. It indicated that amnesty programme is lopsided as victims of environmental degradation were excluded from enjoying amnesty benefits. The paper recommended that Amnesty is a laudable policy for Niger Delta region, but it is not an end itself and must be complemented by broader socioeconomic, structural and political reforms to address the deep-seated grievances that have resulted in violent agitations in the Niger delta region.
The paper examined the synergy between Sun Tzu strategic thought with counterinsurgency in Nigeri... more The paper examined the synergy between Sun Tzu strategic thought with counterinsurgency in Nigeria. The paper is purely qualitative in approach and documentary sources were used to at least historically analyze available information of the issue discussed. The paper submitted though subject to criticism that Sun Tzu thought is a masterpiece in addressing the problem of insurgency in Nigeria. Keywords: Insurgency, Nigerian State, Terrorism, War and Intelligence
This paper examines the role of political parties and politicians in political mobilization in Za... more This paper examines the role of political parties and politicians in political mobilization in Zamfara state and the implications of the strategies used by political parties and politicians in political mobilization. The paper is essentially qualitative. Primary data and documentary sources were the major sources of data collection. Respondents of key Informants Interviews (KIIs) were purposively selected. Political mobilization was used as the framework of analysis to support the argument. The paper found that political parties and politicians play a vital role in political mobilization in Zamfara. The paper argued that political parties organized and aggregate public opinion, transmit public demands to the government and viceversa, recruit political leaders in political mobilizations and socialization as well as provision of welfare services. The paper concluded that in spite of the ideal nature of political mobilization towards political participation, the roles of political part...
This paper examined the factors that precipitate violent conflicts in the Niger Delta Region with... more This paper examined the factors that precipitate violent conflicts in the Niger Delta Region with specific reference to Bayelsa State. The paper is essentially qualitative. Primary data and documentary sources were used for this study. Respondents of Indepth Interviews (IDIs) were purposively selected. To correlate resource conflict discourse, the study drew upon Frustration Aggression Theory. The central argument of this paper is that underdevelopment of the region is firmly rooted in the systemic corruption that has become a culture among the political elites of the region. It also argued that the feelings of discontent are as a result of poverty and devastation of the environment as a result of oil exploration and which is the basis for such violent agitations. The paper indicated that elites and inhabitants of the area have persistently blamed this malaise on the lopsided distribution of Nigeria’s oil wealth. The paper recommended that Amnesty programme is a laudable policy in B...
Election is a very important component of a democratic process in any country because, it is a fo... more Election is a very important component of a democratic process in any country because, it is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office, and hence all the other variables of democracy revolve around elections. Elections represent a medium through a country can project its international image either positively or negatively through several means, particularly the electoral processes. This paper examined the influenced of 2015 general elections on Nigeria’s international image. The paper is essentially qualitative in its approach and documentary sources were the major instruments used for data collection. The paper found that what made the 2015 Nigeria’s general election credible was proper conduct of the election and general acceptability of the candidates competing for different political post. The paper argues that series of elections have been conducted in Nigeria; but the 2015 general elections actually determine the stand o...
This paper examines the role of political parties and politicians in political mobilization in Za... more This paper examines the role of political parties and politicians in political mobilization in Zamfara state and the implications of the strategies used by political parties and politicians in political mobilization. The paper is essentially qualitative. Primary data and documentary sources were the major sources of data collection. Respondents of key Informants Interviews (KIIs) were purposively selected. Political mobilization was used as the framework of analysis to support the argument. The paper found that political parties and politicians play a vital role in political mobilization in Zamfara. The paper argued that political parties organized and aggregate public opinion, transmit public demands to the government and viceversa, recruit political leaders in political mobilizations and socialization as well as provision of welfare services. The paper concluded that in spite of the ideal nature of political mobilization towards political participation, the roles of political part...
This study explored the political economy of Boko Haram insurgency in the North-east of Nigeria. ... more This study explored the political economy of Boko Haram insurgency in the North-east of Nigeria. The central argument of this study is that, the upsurge Boko Haram Insurgency has posed serious threats to economy and insecurities to human existence in Nigeria. Using both primary and secondary data collection method the study identify among other things that Boko Haram insurgency have claimed thousands of lives and displaced inestimable properties, rendering the northeast region as the most dangerous zone in Nigeria today. That such threat affects the nation’s stability and development prospects. Using frustration aggression theory, the study identified various factors that precipitated the growth and development of Boko Haram insurgency in the northern Nigeria. These include: inequality and social injustices, ethnicity problem, sycophancy, favouritism and marginalization, bad governance and corruption, religious extremism, unemployment, poverty and social frustration. The study conc...
The paper examined the role of crude oil on Nigeria’s foreign policy. The paper is qualitative in... more The paper examined the role of crude oil on Nigeria’s foreign policy. The paper is qualitative in approach, historical and exploratory methods where used to analyze the data. The paper revealed that crude oil not only contribute in the economy of Nigerian state but also influences its foreign policy objective at the international system. The study found out that Crude oil sustains Nigeria’s economy the over years 80% of revenue in Nigeria is derived from oil. This crude oil in Nigeria but ironically, the huge amount realized from the oil does not really translate to development and improvement of its foreign policy achievement. The paper concludes that Foreign policy not only shapes Nigeria’s identity at large but also determines its place and its future in the world. Without exception, the foreign of states in today’s world consider issues of production, exchange, technology, market alliance, economic development, political stability and predictability, quality of governance, and p...
This paper examined the implications of using interviews as method of data collection in social s... more This paper examined the implications of using interviews as method of data collection in social sciences with reference to researcher's experience during fieldwork. The paper is purely qualitative and documentary sources were source of data collection. The paper argued that interview as an instrument of data collection when compared to other data collection techniques like questionnaire is more powerful in eliciting narrative data that allow researchers to investigate people's views in greater depth. The paper indicated that interview as a tool for social science data collection research helps to facilitate in obtaining direct explanation for human actions through a comprehensive speech interaction. The paper concluded that although interviewing is a powerful way of getting insights into interviewee's perceptions, it could go hand in hand with other methods providing in-depth information about participants' inner values and beliefs. For instance, using personal obser...
Election is a very important component of a democratic process in any country because, it is a fo... more Election is a very important component of a democratic process in any country because, it is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office, and hence all the other variables of democracy revolve around elections. Elections represent a medium through a country can project its international image either positively or negatively through several means, particularly the electoral processes. This paper examined the influenced of 2015 general elections on Nigeria's international image. The paper is essentially qualitative in its approach and documentary sources were the major instruments used for data collection. The paper found that what made the 2015 Nigeria's general election credible was proper conduct of the election and general acceptability of the candidates competing for different political post. The paper argues that series of elections have been conducted in Nigeria; but the 2015 general elections actually determine the stand of Nigeria is the global support for democracy. The election not only received global commendations but also placed Nigeria as leading role of African democratic trends which many learn lesson from it their future conducts of elections. The paper concludes that violence is the greatest enemy of democracy, being the bane of Nigeria's march to democracy. This is because there can be no democratic elections, democratization, consolidation of democracy, growth in democratic culture or internalization of best democratic practices in any country if electoral violence is prevalent. The paper recommends among others that there is need for Nigerian state to build on the existing institutions that would ensure credible elections so that future elections would be more violent-free than the recent elections.
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