... 18% less frequently than were medium sized tiger beetles with dark abdomens. However, small t... more ... 18% less frequently than were medium sized tiger beetles with dark abdomens. However, small tiger beetles (surface area = 53 mm2) with orange abdomens were attacked only 7% less frequ.ently than were small tiger beetles with dark abdomens. ...
... and Buck 1961; Richards 1963; Bartholomew, Vleck, and Vleck 1981), including odonates (May 19... more ... and Buck 1961; Richards 1963; Bartholomew, Vleck, and Vleck 1981), including odonates (May 1979a ... That is, most studies examine microhabitat selection as a behavioral mechanism by which ec ... In the present study, two damselfly species have been shown to select mark-edly ...
The application of principles derived from the sexual selection literature can assist attempts to... more The application of principles derived from the sexual selection literature can assist attempts to subvert the normal mating behavior of pests. Sexual selection encompasses both intermale competition for access to females and female choice of mates. It can operate during long-range attraction and short-range courtship, as well as after copulation. We review the major aspects of sexual selection and illustrate their application to pheromonal and SIT pest-management programs. Pheromones are important both in long-range attraction and in close-range mate choice; parapheromones may be very useful in pest management because of their influence on male mating success. Sexual selection theory provides a scheme for studying the normal mating behavior of a pest species and thus determining which attributes of the mass-reared sterile males are critical to their success with wild females. We hope that our review will suggest novel ways of attacking pests as well as encourage behavioral ecologists to study pest species.
This study tests the general prediction that discrimination among potential mates increases with ... more This study tests the general prediction that discrimination among potential mates increases with the availability of potential mates. Specifically, we conducted two experiments that examined mate choice by male zaprochiline katydids in relation to their prior encounter rate with females. The probability of mate acceptance or rejection was measured for males given either frequent or no contact with females in
The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is widely used to suppress or eradicate infestations of the Me... more The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is widely used to suppress or eradicate infestations of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.). In large‐scale programs, sterile males are chilled (4°C) to allow their transfer and storage in the aircraft used for the releases. Sterile males may remain chilled for as long as 3 h prior to release. Here, we describe the results of experiments that assessed the effect of chilling on flight ability and mating competitiveness of sterile male Mediterranean fruit flies held under conditions of low (plastic buckets) or high (emergence tower trays) density. Males from both densities were subject to 0 (no chill), 1, or 3 h of chilling at 3 days of age. Chill treatment had no effect on flight ability for males held at low density. However, for males held at high density, chilling for 1 or 3 h significantly reduced flight ability below that observed for the no chill treatment. Consistent with the flight data, chill treatment had no effect on the mating success of males held at low density. However, among males held at high density, 3 h of chilling significantly reduced mating success below levels observed for unchilled males or males chilled for 1 h only in trials conducted 1 day after the cold treatment. An auxiliary experiment revealed that this reduction in mating performance was temporary: in mating trials conducted 3 days after 3 h of chilling, sterile males derived from tower trays had similar mating success as unchilled males. Implications of these findings for Mediterranean fruit fly SIT are discussed.
... 18% less frequently than were medium sized tiger beetles with dark abdomens. However, small t... more ... 18% less frequently than were medium sized tiger beetles with dark abdomens. However, small tiger beetles (surface area = 53 mm2) with orange abdomens were attacked only 7% less frequ.ently than were small tiger beetles with dark abdomens. ...
... and Buck 1961; Richards 1963; Bartholomew, Vleck, and Vleck 1981), including odonates (May 19... more ... and Buck 1961; Richards 1963; Bartholomew, Vleck, and Vleck 1981), including odonates (May 1979a ... That is, most studies examine microhabitat selection as a behavioral mechanism by which ec ... In the present study, two damselfly species have been shown to select mark-edly ...
The application of principles derived from the sexual selection literature can assist attempts to... more The application of principles derived from the sexual selection literature can assist attempts to subvert the normal mating behavior of pests. Sexual selection encompasses both intermale competition for access to females and female choice of mates. It can operate during long-range attraction and short-range courtship, as well as after copulation. We review the major aspects of sexual selection and illustrate their application to pheromonal and SIT pest-management programs. Pheromones are important both in long-range attraction and in close-range mate choice; parapheromones may be very useful in pest management because of their influence on male mating success. Sexual selection theory provides a scheme for studying the normal mating behavior of a pest species and thus determining which attributes of the mass-reared sterile males are critical to their success with wild females. We hope that our review will suggest novel ways of attacking pests as well as encourage behavioral ecologists to study pest species.
This study tests the general prediction that discrimination among potential mates increases with ... more This study tests the general prediction that discrimination among potential mates increases with the availability of potential mates. Specifically, we conducted two experiments that examined mate choice by male zaprochiline katydids in relation to their prior encounter rate with females. The probability of mate acceptance or rejection was measured for males given either frequent or no contact with females in
The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is widely used to suppress or eradicate infestations of the Me... more The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is widely used to suppress or eradicate infestations of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.). In large‐scale programs, sterile males are chilled (4°C) to allow their transfer and storage in the aircraft used for the releases. Sterile males may remain chilled for as long as 3 h prior to release. Here, we describe the results of experiments that assessed the effect of chilling on flight ability and mating competitiveness of sterile male Mediterranean fruit flies held under conditions of low (plastic buckets) or high (emergence tower trays) density. Males from both densities were subject to 0 (no chill), 1, or 3 h of chilling at 3 days of age. Chill treatment had no effect on flight ability for males held at low density. However, for males held at high density, chilling for 1 or 3 h significantly reduced flight ability below that observed for the no chill treatment. Consistent with the flight data, chill treatment had no effect on the mating success of males held at low density. However, among males held at high density, 3 h of chilling significantly reduced mating success below levels observed for unchilled males or males chilled for 1 h only in trials conducted 1 day after the cold treatment. An auxiliary experiment revealed that this reduction in mating performance was temporary: in mating trials conducted 3 days after 3 h of chilling, sterile males derived from tower trays had similar mating success as unchilled males. Implications of these findings for Mediterranean fruit fly SIT are discussed.
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