Terrorist attacks have nowadays become a serious threat, and this threat only continues to grow. ... more Terrorist attacks have nowadays become a serious threat, and this threat only continues to grow. The objects of transport infrastructure are among the primary targets for such attacks. We review the existing means of detecting the transportation of dangerous materials and illicit objects and show that no systems are available that completely meet the requirements of homeland security and are simultaneously cost-efficient for cargo inspection. The current equipment is either both bulky and very expensive, does not provide completely reliable inspection results, or demands a time-consuming inspection procedure requiring several types of scanner (which is unacceptable given the huge and permanently increasing volume of transported cargo).We compare various techniques of detecting the transportation of dangerous materials and illicit objects, discuss how they correspond to the current needs, and propose a possible solution to the existing serious problems.As the next step towards the reliable detection of dangerous materials in large cargoes we propose development of an integrated system that combines the best features of the most developed technologies; namely, X-ray analysis (providing the high-speed monitoring and identification of suspicious objects and areas) and neutron analysis (providing high selectivity and precise identification). Such a layered approach would allow the avoidance of the unnecessary scanning of all objects in the active interrogation mode, thus reducing the inspection time. Moreover, it makes it possible to clarify all suspicious areas in the container via a single system inspection.RatecLab Ltd develops universal detection system of high resolution gamma spectroscopy for tagged neutron analysis with time-of-light filtering (Skolkovo Grant 2014-2015). Neutron analysis system equipped with our high resolution spectroscopy platform will give most reliable answer on dangerous substance detection in large dimensions cargo. We demonstrate some characteristics of the developed platform.
Neutron Activation Analysis is the most sensitive analytical technique used to determine concentr... more Neutron Activation Analysis is the most sensitive analytical technique used to determine concentration of elements in a sample. Methods of neutron activation analysis have been known for quite a long time, since 1936. However, active development of this method in its technological applications has been started together with recent developments of powerful and safe sources of neutrons, precise and fast gamma detectors, high speed electronics, increased processing ability of the computers and growing demands for industrial processes automation quality control. We discuss as these latest developments influenced performance and utility of different Neutron Activation Analysis techniques and first of all accuracy and stability of analytical results. As a result of the mentioned improvements wide variety of neutron analysis devices has been employed recently for reliable and precise control in cement and coal industry, borehole logging, security monitoring, industrial elemental analysis for production automation and quality control, nondestructive testing. Company RatecLab Ltd develops universal detection system of high resolution gamma spectroscopy for tagged neutron analysis with time-of-light filtering (Skolkovo Grant 2014-2015). Such high resolution detection platform would address the shortcuts and problems associated with conventional detection systems that utilize detectors with relatively low resolution prone to high background problem and slow response time. We perform thorough research of new potential applications of such precise and fast Neutron Activation Analysis system for some unresolved demanding problems of industries such as gas and oil industry. In our opinion there are multiple new possibilities to apply systems with neutron interrogation for industrial production control, nondestructive pipe inspection, neutron radiography etc.
Monitoring of the process of oil production is essential for oil production control and optimizat... more Monitoring of the process of oil production is essential for oil production control and optimization. About 70% of oil resource in a world is heavy oil. Largest of oil reserves located in Venezuela, consists from heavy oil, extra heavy oil and bitumen. It is still a challenge to find adequate and fair technology for heavy oil metering and control. The large number of multiphase flowmeters is defined for use in oil wells with viscosity much lower than 500cP, while metering of the Heavy Oil, Extra Heavy Oil, or bitumen in Hot Production brings lots of problems that conventional methods couldn't resolve. Ideal measurement technology for heavy oil production control must works at wide range of temperature, in low pressure environment, ensures accurate metering of fluids of high viscosity, with high water-cuts, be resistant to erosion, plugging, unaffected by entrained gas or solid particles, has low sensitivity to changes in emulsion characteristics and velocity profile changes. The best solution will be if measurement can be made inline, right on site provides measurement in a real time. We propose development of the multiphase flow meter based on the neutron activation analysis as the possible answer to heavy oil production control challenges. Preliminary investigations show that with careful adaptation of various neutron activation analysis techniques, measurements of the ratio of sulphur and chlorine, concentration and speed of oxygen, and other elements in flow will give precise information about water-cut level, oil/water/gas content, water fraction velocity and other characteristics crucial for well production process.
The paper is devoted to reviewing the existing means of detecting the transportation of dangerous... more The paper is devoted to reviewing the existing means of detecting the transportation of dangerous materials and illicit objects. We analyse the currently available systems, the physical background of the corresponding techniques, and their advantages and limitations. Our purpose is to provide a broad overview of the possibilities in this field and to present our vision of what is the most appropriate response to the challenges of the modern world with respect to the increasing threat of terrorist attacks and illicit transportation of explosives, weapons, Special Nuclear Materials, and illicit narcotic drugs. To meet this objective, we compare various techniques, discuss how they correspond to the current needs, and propose a possible solution to the existing serious problems.
Terrorist attacks have nowadays become a serious threat, and this threat only continues to grow. ... more Terrorist attacks have nowadays become a serious threat, and this threat only continues to grow. The objects of transport infrastructure are among the primary targets for such attacks. We review the existing means of detecting the transportation of dangerous materials and illicit objects and show that no systems are available that completely meet the requirements of homeland security and are simultaneously cost-efficient for cargo inspection. The current equipment is either both bulky and very expensive, does not provide completely reliable inspection results, or demands a time-consuming inspection procedure requiring several types of scanner (which is unacceptable given the huge and permanently increasing volume of transported cargo).We compare various techniques of detecting the transportation of dangerous materials and illicit objects, discuss how they correspond to the current needs, and propose a possible solution to the existing serious problems.As the next step towards the reliable detection of dangerous materials in large cargoes we propose development of an integrated system that combines the best features of the most developed technologies; namely, X-ray analysis (providing the high-speed monitoring and identification of suspicious objects and areas) and neutron analysis (providing high selectivity and precise identification). Such a layered approach would allow the avoidance of the unnecessary scanning of all objects in the active interrogation mode, thus reducing the inspection time. Moreover, it makes it possible to clarify all suspicious areas in the container via a single system inspection.RatecLab Ltd develops universal detection system of high resolution gamma spectroscopy for tagged neutron analysis with time-of-light filtering (Skolkovo Grant 2014-2015). Neutron analysis system equipped with our high resolution spectroscopy platform will give most reliable answer on dangerous substance detection in large dimensions cargo. We demonstrate some characteristics of the developed platform.
Neutron Activation Analysis is the most sensitive analytical technique used to determine concentr... more Neutron Activation Analysis is the most sensitive analytical technique used to determine concentration of elements in a sample. Methods of neutron activation analysis have been known for quite a long time, since 1936. However, active development of this method in its technological applications has been started together with recent developments of powerful and safe sources of neutrons, precise and fast gamma detectors, high speed electronics, increased processing ability of the computers and growing demands for industrial processes automation quality control. We discuss as these latest developments influenced performance and utility of different Neutron Activation Analysis techniques and first of all accuracy and stability of analytical results. As a result of the mentioned improvements wide variety of neutron analysis devices has been employed recently for reliable and precise control in cement and coal industry, borehole logging, security monitoring, industrial elemental analysis for production automation and quality control, nondestructive testing. Company RatecLab Ltd develops universal detection system of high resolution gamma spectroscopy for tagged neutron analysis with time-of-light filtering (Skolkovo Grant 2014-2015). Such high resolution detection platform would address the shortcuts and problems associated with conventional detection systems that utilize detectors with relatively low resolution prone to high background problem and slow response time. We perform thorough research of new potential applications of such precise and fast Neutron Activation Analysis system for some unresolved demanding problems of industries such as gas and oil industry. In our opinion there are multiple new possibilities to apply systems with neutron interrogation for industrial production control, nondestructive pipe inspection, neutron radiography etc.
Monitoring of the process of oil production is essential for oil production control and optimizat... more Monitoring of the process of oil production is essential for oil production control and optimization. About 70% of oil resource in a world is heavy oil. Largest of oil reserves located in Venezuela, consists from heavy oil, extra heavy oil and bitumen. It is still a challenge to find adequate and fair technology for heavy oil metering and control. The large number of multiphase flowmeters is defined for use in oil wells with viscosity much lower than 500cP, while metering of the Heavy Oil, Extra Heavy Oil, or bitumen in Hot Production brings lots of problems that conventional methods couldn't resolve. Ideal measurement technology for heavy oil production control must works at wide range of temperature, in low pressure environment, ensures accurate metering of fluids of high viscosity, with high water-cuts, be resistant to erosion, plugging, unaffected by entrained gas or solid particles, has low sensitivity to changes in emulsion characteristics and velocity profile changes. The best solution will be if measurement can be made inline, right on site provides measurement in a real time. We propose development of the multiphase flow meter based on the neutron activation analysis as the possible answer to heavy oil production control challenges. Preliminary investigations show that with careful adaptation of various neutron activation analysis techniques, measurements of the ratio of sulphur and chlorine, concentration and speed of oxygen, and other elements in flow will give precise information about water-cut level, oil/water/gas content, water fraction velocity and other characteristics crucial for well production process.
The paper is devoted to reviewing the existing means of detecting the transportation of dangerous... more The paper is devoted to reviewing the existing means of detecting the transportation of dangerous materials and illicit objects. We analyse the currently available systems, the physical background of the corresponding techniques, and their advantages and limitations. Our purpose is to provide a broad overview of the possibilities in this field and to present our vision of what is the most appropriate response to the challenges of the modern world with respect to the increasing threat of terrorist attacks and illicit transportation of explosives, weapons, Special Nuclear Materials, and illicit narcotic drugs. To meet this objective, we compare various techniques, discuss how they correspond to the current needs, and propose a possible solution to the existing serious problems.
Uploads
Papers by Valeria Kornienko