of Work (250 words or less): Our objective is to establish a large-scale, inter-disciplinary, eco... more of Work (250 words or less): Our objective is to establish a large-scale, inter-disciplinary, ecosystem-level monitoring program for the North Pacific Ocean and the southern Bering Sea. More specifically, we propose to augment and enhance the existing Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) program by conducting observations of marine birds and mammals along CPR survey lines. Our project involves sampling the physical oceanography, plankton populations, and top predator distributions simultaneously across vast expanses of the subarctic North Pacific Ocean. Surveys of highly mobile marine predators will enhance our understanding of the ecological context of the CPR database, thereby aiding in the interpretation of large-scale hydrographic and ocean productivity patterns. In particular, because marine birds and mammals use prey resources not sampled by the CPR program (e.g., forage fish, squid), these observations will provide complementary information on the relative abundance and distribution of important intermediate trophic -level ecosystem constituents.
California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports, 2005
... STEVEN J. BOGRAD, ADRIANA HUYER, ROBERT L. SMITH ARNOLD MANTYLA FRANKLIN B. SCHWING PATRICIA ... more ... STEVEN J. BOGRAD, ADRIANA HUYER, ROBERT L. SMITH ARNOLD MANTYLA FRANKLIN B. SCHWING PATRICIA A. WHEELER ... Monterey, California 93943 Santa Cruz, California 95060 GILBERTO GAXIOLA-CASTRO REGINALDO DURAZO K. DAVID HYRENBACH, ...
The California Current System (CCS) has experienced large fluctuations in environmental condition... more The California Current System (CCS) has experienced large fluctuations in environmental conditions in recent years that have dramatically affected the biological community. Here we synthesize remotely sensed, hydrographic, and biological survey data from throughout the CCS in 2019–2020 to evaluate how recent changes in environmental conditions have affected community dynamics at multiple trophic levels. A marine heatwave formed in the north Pacific in 2019 and reached the second greatest area ever recorded by the end of summer 2020. However, high atmospheric pressure in early 2020 drove relatively strong Ekman-driven coastal upwelling in the northern portion of the CCS and warm temperature anomalies remained far offshore. Upwelling and cooler temperatures in the northern CCS created relatively productive conditions in which the biomass of lipid-rich copepod species increased, adult krill size increased, and several seabird species experienced positive reproductive success. Despite t...
Sampling seabirdsThe vastness of the worlds' oceans makes them difficult to monitor. Seabirds... more Sampling seabirdsThe vastness of the worlds' oceans makes them difficult to monitor. Seabirds that forage and breed across oceans globally have been recognized as sentinels of ocean health. Sydemanet al.looked across seabird species of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres and found varying patterns. Northern Hemisphere species exhibited greater signs of stress and reduced breeding success, indicative of low fish resources. Southern Hemisphere species showed less impact on reproductive output, suggesting that the fish populations there have thus far been less disturbed. The differences across hemispheres indicate different strategies for conservation, with active recovery needed in the north and enhanced protection in the south.Science, abf1772, this issue p.980
Climate change and increased variability and intensity of climate events, in combination with rec... more Climate change and increased variability and intensity of climate events, in combination with recovering protected species populations and highly capitalized fisheries, are posing new challenges for fisheries management. We examine socio-ecological features of the unprecedented 2014–2016 northeast Pacific marine heatwave to understand the potential causes for record numbers of whale entanglements in the central California Current crab fishery. We observed habitat compression of coastal upwelling, changes in availability of forage species (krill and anchovy), and shoreward distribution shift of foraging whales. We propose that these ecosystem changes, combined with recovering whale populations, contributed to the exacerbation of entanglements throughout the marine heatwave. In 2016, domoic acid contamination prompted an unprecedented delay in the opening of California’s Dungeness crab fishery that inadvertently intensified the spatial overlap between whales and crab fishery gear. We ...
In marine ecosystems, rising atmospheric CO2 and climate change are associated with concurrent sh... more In marine ecosystems, rising atmospheric CO2 and climate change are associated with concurrent shifts in temperature, circulation, stratification, nutrient input, oxygen content, and ocean acidification, with potentially wide-ranging biological effects. Population-level shifts are occurring because of physiological intolerance to new environments, altered dispersal patterns, and changes in species interactions. Together with local climate-driven invasion and extinction, these processes result in altered community structure and diversity, including possible emergence of novel ecosystems. Impacts are particularly striking for the poles and the tropics, because of the sensitivity of polar ecosystems to sea-ice retreat and poleward species migrations as well as the sensitivity of coral-algal symbiosis to minor increases in temperature. Midlatitude upwelling systems, like the California Current, exhibit strong linkages between climate and species distributions, phenology, and demography....
of Work (250 words or less): Our objective is to establish a large-scale, inter-disciplinary, eco... more of Work (250 words or less): Our objective is to establish a large-scale, inter-disciplinary, ecosystem-level monitoring program for the North Pacific Ocean and the southern Bering Sea. More specifically, we propose to augment and enhance the existing Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) program by conducting observations of marine birds and mammals along CPR survey lines. Our project involves sampling the physical oceanography, plankton populations, and top predator distributions simultaneously across vast expanses of the subarctic North Pacific Ocean. Surveys of highly mobile marine predators will enhance our understanding of the ecological context of the CPR database, thereby aiding in the interpretation of large-scale hydrographic and ocean productivity patterns. In particular, because marine birds and mammals use prey resources not sampled by the CPR program (e.g., forage fish, squid), these observations will provide complementary information on the relative abundance and distribution of important intermediate trophic -level ecosystem constituents.
California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports, 2005
... STEVEN J. BOGRAD, ADRIANA HUYER, ROBERT L. SMITH ARNOLD MANTYLA FRANKLIN B. SCHWING PATRICIA ... more ... STEVEN J. BOGRAD, ADRIANA HUYER, ROBERT L. SMITH ARNOLD MANTYLA FRANKLIN B. SCHWING PATRICIA A. WHEELER ... Monterey, California 93943 Santa Cruz, California 95060 GILBERTO GAXIOLA-CASTRO REGINALDO DURAZO K. DAVID HYRENBACH, ...
The California Current System (CCS) has experienced large fluctuations in environmental condition... more The California Current System (CCS) has experienced large fluctuations in environmental conditions in recent years that have dramatically affected the biological community. Here we synthesize remotely sensed, hydrographic, and biological survey data from throughout the CCS in 2019–2020 to evaluate how recent changes in environmental conditions have affected community dynamics at multiple trophic levels. A marine heatwave formed in the north Pacific in 2019 and reached the second greatest area ever recorded by the end of summer 2020. However, high atmospheric pressure in early 2020 drove relatively strong Ekman-driven coastal upwelling in the northern portion of the CCS and warm temperature anomalies remained far offshore. Upwelling and cooler temperatures in the northern CCS created relatively productive conditions in which the biomass of lipid-rich copepod species increased, adult krill size increased, and several seabird species experienced positive reproductive success. Despite t...
Sampling seabirdsThe vastness of the worlds' oceans makes them difficult to monitor. Seabirds... more Sampling seabirdsThe vastness of the worlds' oceans makes them difficult to monitor. Seabirds that forage and breed across oceans globally have been recognized as sentinels of ocean health. Sydemanet al.looked across seabird species of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres and found varying patterns. Northern Hemisphere species exhibited greater signs of stress and reduced breeding success, indicative of low fish resources. Southern Hemisphere species showed less impact on reproductive output, suggesting that the fish populations there have thus far been less disturbed. The differences across hemispheres indicate different strategies for conservation, with active recovery needed in the north and enhanced protection in the south.Science, abf1772, this issue p.980
Climate change and increased variability and intensity of climate events, in combination with rec... more Climate change and increased variability and intensity of climate events, in combination with recovering protected species populations and highly capitalized fisheries, are posing new challenges for fisheries management. We examine socio-ecological features of the unprecedented 2014–2016 northeast Pacific marine heatwave to understand the potential causes for record numbers of whale entanglements in the central California Current crab fishery. We observed habitat compression of coastal upwelling, changes in availability of forage species (krill and anchovy), and shoreward distribution shift of foraging whales. We propose that these ecosystem changes, combined with recovering whale populations, contributed to the exacerbation of entanglements throughout the marine heatwave. In 2016, domoic acid contamination prompted an unprecedented delay in the opening of California’s Dungeness crab fishery that inadvertently intensified the spatial overlap between whales and crab fishery gear. We ...
In marine ecosystems, rising atmospheric CO2 and climate change are associated with concurrent sh... more In marine ecosystems, rising atmospheric CO2 and climate change are associated with concurrent shifts in temperature, circulation, stratification, nutrient input, oxygen content, and ocean acidification, with potentially wide-ranging biological effects. Population-level shifts are occurring because of physiological intolerance to new environments, altered dispersal patterns, and changes in species interactions. Together with local climate-driven invasion and extinction, these processes result in altered community structure and diversity, including possible emergence of novel ecosystems. Impacts are particularly striking for the poles and the tropics, because of the sensitivity of polar ecosystems to sea-ice retreat and poleward species migrations as well as the sensitivity of coral-algal symbiosis to minor increases in temperature. Midlatitude upwelling systems, like the California Current, exhibit strong linkages between climate and species distributions, phenology, and demography....
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Papers by William Sydeman