Field experimental details are the same as those outlined in Paper 1. Data on chocolate spot (Bot... more Field experimental details are the same as those outlined in Paper 1. Data on chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae) in faba bean and Aschochyta blight (Mycosphaerella pinodes) in field pea were recorded based on a 1-9 scale and analyzed. The result showed highly significant differences among the treatments, between years and locations and their interaction effects in most of the cases. Mixed-cropping did not exclude the occurrence of both diseases, the incidences of which were relatively higher at Holetta than at Denbi. Chocolate spot at Denbi and Ascochyta blight in field pea at both locations also significantly differed between the systems. Faba bean varieties Mesay and NC 58 were more affected by chocolate spot under both systems. However, mixed production of the two crops favored incidence of chocolate spot in faba bean and disfavored Ascochyta blight maybe due to changes in the microenvironment associated with changes in the cropping systems. Field pea as an intercrop may reduce free...
Breeding of Abyssinian field pea (Pisum sativum var. Abyssinicum) genotypes effective forbiologic... more Breeding of Abyssinian field pea (Pisum sativum var. Abyssinicum) genotypes effective forbiological nitrogen fixation (BNF) has considerable economic and ecological significance. Anexperiment was conducted to study the magnitude of genetic diversity for attributes ofbiological nitrogen fixation. The experiment was carried out in 2007 in the greenhouse onVertisol and Nitisol soils at Addis Ababa University using a randomized complete block designwith three replications, where the Nitrogen difference technique with Yellow Dodolla, a varietyof Brassica carinata A Braun as a reference crop, was used to estimate the proportions of nitrogenderived from soil and atmosphere. Differences among the accessions for 14 traits studied weresignificant on both soil types. However, genotype by soil type interaction effects were significantonly for early vigor, number of nodules, nodule dry weight, foliage phosphorus content (%),phosphorus derived from fertilizer (%) and phosphorus uptake efficiency (%). This indicatedthat the two soils were distinctly different or the accessions responded differently to soil type forthese traits. Cluster analysis for average performances on the two soils grouped the accessionsinto four different classes, and Mahalanobis’s D 2 analyses showed significant genetic distancesbetween most of the clusters. Five accessions, namely MColl-7/07, MColl-8/07, TKColl-6/07,MCColl-4/07 and TKColl-3/07 were identified as best fixers of nitrogen under both Vertisol andNitisol soils with a fixation range of 41- 45 % and these accessions could be exploited in futurebreeding endeavors to develop BNF efficient genotypes. Additionally, there was no clearinterrelationship between the origins of accessions and the pattern of genetic diversity as therewere genotypes from the same source of origin fell into different clusters and vice versa.
A study was conducted to determine the optimum lime/CaCO<sub>3</sub> rate and incubat... more A study was conducted to determine the optimum lime/CaCO<sub>3</sub> rate and incubation period and exchangeable acidity equivalence for the amelioration of acidic nitisols collected from the central highlands of Ethiopia. A pot experiment was conducted at Holeta Agricultural Research Centre (HARC) in lath house using acidic soil samples collected from a depth of 0-20 cm from Bedi area, central high lands of Ethiopia. The treatments consisted of factorial combination of lime rates (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5 mg kg soil) and different incubation periods (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 days). The treatments were arranged in RCBD with two replications. The result of the study showed that the soil pH consistently increased with the increase in lime application rates. There is no clear trend of incubation period effect on soil pH but higher pH was recorded after four weeks of incubation following lime application indicating that lime incubation period for o...
... AGRIS 2011 - FAO of the United Nations. Related AGRIS Results: -, Assessment of losses in yie... more ... AGRIS 2011 - FAO of the United Nations. Related AGRIS Results: -, Assessment of losses in yield and yield components of maize varieties due to grey leaf spot by Dagene Wegary; Demissew Kitaw; Girma Demissie (2004) in English. ...
Eleven faba bean (Vicia faba L.) varieties released between 1977 and 2007, and two promising geno... more Eleven faba bean (Vicia faba L.) varieties released between 1977 and 2007, and two promising genotypes, were evaluated to estimate the genetic progresses made in 33 years of faba bean breeding in Ethiopia. The study was conducted at eight environments during 2007 and 2009 cropping seasons in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Records taken on grain yield, seed size and chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae) severity were subjected to statistical analysis. Combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes and the test environments for all traits, the G × E interaction effects being significant for grain yield and seed size. Regression of mean performance at all environments on year of varietal release showed positive relationship for grain yield (r = 0.48) and seed size (r = 0.80**) but negative for chocolate spot (r = -0.60*). The annual rates of genetic progresses were 8.74 kg ha -1 , 8.07 g 1000 seeds -1 and -0.27% for grain...
Information on traits relationship, genetic variation and gains from selection for symbiotic and ... more Information on traits relationship, genetic variation and gains from selection for symbiotic and agronomic characters in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) are limited. An experiment was undertaken at two locations (Ginchi and Ambo) in Ethiopia in 2009/2010 to assess the relationship, genetic variation and genetic gain from selection for attributes of symbiotic and agronomic significance. The difference technique with genetically non-nodulating chickpea reference was employed to estimate the amount of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Significant positive correlations were found between a number of symbiotic and agronomic traits. Grain yield was positively associated with fixed nitrogen assimilation efficiency (r = 0.39), shoot (r = 0.31), grain (r = 0.93), and above ground biomass nitrogen yields (r = 0.77) and NHI (r = 0.52). Grain yield was also positively influenced by agronomic characters including grain filling period (r = 0.38), pod (r = 0.57) and seed numbers (r = 0.59), shoot (r = 0....
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important food legumes grown all over the world.... more Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important food legumes grown all over the world. In Ethiopia, chickpea is among the most important food legumes both in terms of area coverage and volume of production. The production of chickpea is important not only in terms of human and animal nutrition but also in terms of ecological sustainability through symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Despite the importance, productivity of chickpea is constrained at least in part by production problems related to the inherent low-yielding potential of the local cultivars, production without application of adequate inputs including fertilizers and post-harvest insect pest damage particularly adzuki bean beetle (Callosobruchus chinensis L.). Ethiopia is known as one of the centers of secondary diversity for chickpea. Genetic resources with proven performance for better symbiotic nitrogen fixation, phosphorus uptake and use efficiency and adzuki bean beetle resistance are limited for focused utiliza...
BackgroundSesame is an important oil crop widely cultivated in Africa and Asia continent. Charact... more BackgroundSesame is an important oil crop widely cultivated in Africa and Asia continent. Characterization of genetic diversity and population structure of sesame genotypes in these continents can be used to designing breeding methods. In the present study, 300 sesame genotypes comprising 209 local, and 75 exotic collection, and 16 released varieties provided from the Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute and research centers were used in the present study.ResultsThe panel was genotyped using two ultra-high-throughput diversity array technology (DArT) markers (silicoDArT and SNP). Both markers were used to identify the genetic diversity and population structure of sesame germplasm. A total of 6115 silicoDArT and 6474 SNP markers were reported, of which 5002 silicoDArT and 4638 SNP markers were screening with quality control parameters. The average polymorphic information content values of silicoDArT and SNP markers were 0.07 and 0.08, respectively. For further analysis, the allele freque...
Abstract: Storage insect pests cause significant losses of food legumes particularly in the Tropi... more Abstract: Storage insect pests cause significant losses of food legumes particularly in the Tropics and the Sub-tropics. The most important species of storage insect pests of food legumes include Callosobruchus chinensis, C. maculatus, C. analis, Acanthoscelides ...
Gemechu Keneni1,*, Mussa Jarso1, Tezera Wolabu2 and Getnet Dino1 1Holetta Agricultural Research C... more Gemechu Keneni1,*, Mussa Jarso1, Tezera Wolabu2 and Getnet Dino1 1Holetta Agricultural Research Center, PO Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, PO Box 489, Asella, Ethiopia; *Author for correspondence ... Received 26 August ...
Field experimental details are the same as those outlined in Paper 1. Data on chocolate spot (Bot... more Field experimental details are the same as those outlined in Paper 1. Data on chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae) in faba bean and Aschochyta blight (Mycosphaerella pinodes) in field pea were recorded based on a 1-9 scale and analyzed. The result showed highly significant differences among the treatments, between years and locations and their interaction effects in most of the cases. Mixed-cropping did not exclude the occurrence of both diseases, the incidences of which were relatively higher at Holetta than at Denbi. Chocolate spot at Denbi and Ascochyta blight in field pea at both locations also significantly differed between the systems. Faba bean varieties Mesay and NC 58 were more affected by chocolate spot under both systems. However, mixed production of the two crops favored incidence of chocolate spot in faba bean and disfavored Ascochyta blight maybe due to changes in the microenvironment associated with changes in the cropping systems. Field pea as an intercrop may reduce free...
Breeding of Abyssinian field pea (Pisum sativum var. Abyssinicum) genotypes effective forbiologic... more Breeding of Abyssinian field pea (Pisum sativum var. Abyssinicum) genotypes effective forbiological nitrogen fixation (BNF) has considerable economic and ecological significance. Anexperiment was conducted to study the magnitude of genetic diversity for attributes ofbiological nitrogen fixation. The experiment was carried out in 2007 in the greenhouse onVertisol and Nitisol soils at Addis Ababa University using a randomized complete block designwith three replications, where the Nitrogen difference technique with Yellow Dodolla, a varietyof Brassica carinata A Braun as a reference crop, was used to estimate the proportions of nitrogenderived from soil and atmosphere. Differences among the accessions for 14 traits studied weresignificant on both soil types. However, genotype by soil type interaction effects were significantonly for early vigor, number of nodules, nodule dry weight, foliage phosphorus content (%),phosphorus derived from fertilizer (%) and phosphorus uptake efficiency (%). This indicatedthat the two soils were distinctly different or the accessions responded differently to soil type forthese traits. Cluster analysis for average performances on the two soils grouped the accessionsinto four different classes, and Mahalanobis’s D 2 analyses showed significant genetic distancesbetween most of the clusters. Five accessions, namely MColl-7/07, MColl-8/07, TKColl-6/07,MCColl-4/07 and TKColl-3/07 were identified as best fixers of nitrogen under both Vertisol andNitisol soils with a fixation range of 41- 45 % and these accessions could be exploited in futurebreeding endeavors to develop BNF efficient genotypes. Additionally, there was no clearinterrelationship between the origins of accessions and the pattern of genetic diversity as therewere genotypes from the same source of origin fell into different clusters and vice versa.
A study was conducted to determine the optimum lime/CaCO<sub>3</sub> rate and incubat... more A study was conducted to determine the optimum lime/CaCO<sub>3</sub> rate and incubation period and exchangeable acidity equivalence for the amelioration of acidic nitisols collected from the central highlands of Ethiopia. A pot experiment was conducted at Holeta Agricultural Research Centre (HARC) in lath house using acidic soil samples collected from a depth of 0-20 cm from Bedi area, central high lands of Ethiopia. The treatments consisted of factorial combination of lime rates (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5 mg kg soil) and different incubation periods (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 days). The treatments were arranged in RCBD with two replications. The result of the study showed that the soil pH consistently increased with the increase in lime application rates. There is no clear trend of incubation period effect on soil pH but higher pH was recorded after four weeks of incubation following lime application indicating that lime incubation period for o...
... AGRIS 2011 - FAO of the United Nations. Related AGRIS Results: -, Assessment of losses in yie... more ... AGRIS 2011 - FAO of the United Nations. Related AGRIS Results: -, Assessment of losses in yield and yield components of maize varieties due to grey leaf spot by Dagene Wegary; Demissew Kitaw; Girma Demissie (2004) in English. ...
Eleven faba bean (Vicia faba L.) varieties released between 1977 and 2007, and two promising geno... more Eleven faba bean (Vicia faba L.) varieties released between 1977 and 2007, and two promising genotypes, were evaluated to estimate the genetic progresses made in 33 years of faba bean breeding in Ethiopia. The study was conducted at eight environments during 2007 and 2009 cropping seasons in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Records taken on grain yield, seed size and chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae) severity were subjected to statistical analysis. Combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes and the test environments for all traits, the G × E interaction effects being significant for grain yield and seed size. Regression of mean performance at all environments on year of varietal release showed positive relationship for grain yield (r = 0.48) and seed size (r = 0.80**) but negative for chocolate spot (r = -0.60*). The annual rates of genetic progresses were 8.74 kg ha -1 , 8.07 g 1000 seeds -1 and -0.27% for grain...
Information on traits relationship, genetic variation and gains from selection for symbiotic and ... more Information on traits relationship, genetic variation and gains from selection for symbiotic and agronomic characters in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) are limited. An experiment was undertaken at two locations (Ginchi and Ambo) in Ethiopia in 2009/2010 to assess the relationship, genetic variation and genetic gain from selection for attributes of symbiotic and agronomic significance. The difference technique with genetically non-nodulating chickpea reference was employed to estimate the amount of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Significant positive correlations were found between a number of symbiotic and agronomic traits. Grain yield was positively associated with fixed nitrogen assimilation efficiency (r = 0.39), shoot (r = 0.31), grain (r = 0.93), and above ground biomass nitrogen yields (r = 0.77) and NHI (r = 0.52). Grain yield was also positively influenced by agronomic characters including grain filling period (r = 0.38), pod (r = 0.57) and seed numbers (r = 0.59), shoot (r = 0....
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important food legumes grown all over the world.... more Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important food legumes grown all over the world. In Ethiopia, chickpea is among the most important food legumes both in terms of area coverage and volume of production. The production of chickpea is important not only in terms of human and animal nutrition but also in terms of ecological sustainability through symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Despite the importance, productivity of chickpea is constrained at least in part by production problems related to the inherent low-yielding potential of the local cultivars, production without application of adequate inputs including fertilizers and post-harvest insect pest damage particularly adzuki bean beetle (Callosobruchus chinensis L.). Ethiopia is known as one of the centers of secondary diversity for chickpea. Genetic resources with proven performance for better symbiotic nitrogen fixation, phosphorus uptake and use efficiency and adzuki bean beetle resistance are limited for focused utiliza...
BackgroundSesame is an important oil crop widely cultivated in Africa and Asia continent. Charact... more BackgroundSesame is an important oil crop widely cultivated in Africa and Asia continent. Characterization of genetic diversity and population structure of sesame genotypes in these continents can be used to designing breeding methods. In the present study, 300 sesame genotypes comprising 209 local, and 75 exotic collection, and 16 released varieties provided from the Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute and research centers were used in the present study.ResultsThe panel was genotyped using two ultra-high-throughput diversity array technology (DArT) markers (silicoDArT and SNP). Both markers were used to identify the genetic diversity and population structure of sesame germplasm. A total of 6115 silicoDArT and 6474 SNP markers were reported, of which 5002 silicoDArT and 4638 SNP markers were screening with quality control parameters. The average polymorphic information content values of silicoDArT and SNP markers were 0.07 and 0.08, respectively. For further analysis, the allele freque...
Abstract: Storage insect pests cause significant losses of food legumes particularly in the Tropi... more Abstract: Storage insect pests cause significant losses of food legumes particularly in the Tropics and the Sub-tropics. The most important species of storage insect pests of food legumes include Callosobruchus chinensis, C. maculatus, C. analis, Acanthoscelides ...
Gemechu Keneni1,*, Mussa Jarso1, Tezera Wolabu2 and Getnet Dino1 1Holetta Agricultural Research C... more Gemechu Keneni1,*, Mussa Jarso1, Tezera Wolabu2 and Getnet Dino1 1Holetta Agricultural Research Center, PO Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, PO Box 489, Asella, Ethiopia; *Author for correspondence ... Received 26 August ...
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