An experiment was conducted to know the effect of integrated use of bio-inoculants (Azotobacter s... more An experiment was conducted to know the effect of integrated use of bio-inoculants (Azotobacter sp. at 20 kg/ha/year, Aspergillus awamori at 25 kg/ha/year and Trichoderma harzianum at 20 kg/ha/year), farm yard manure (FYM) and inorganic fertilizers (IF, that is, Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) on fresh leaf yield and quality variables of M5 mulberry under rain-fed condition during 2006-07. The experiment was laid out using randomized complete block design with eight treatments replicated thrice. The results revealed that combined use of treatment components had a positive effect on fresh leaf yield and quality variables of mulberry on par with the standard check (100:50:50 kg/ha/year NPK and 12 MT/ha/year FYM). Application of the recommended dosage of fertilizers recorded maximum fresh leaf yield per plant (403.60 and 538.13; 718.74 and 867.57 g) at 45 and 60 days after pruning in the first and second crops, respectively. However, it was consistently and statistically on par wit...
Ethiopia is the birthplace and the largest Arabica coffee producer in Sub-SaharanAfrica. However ... more Ethiopia is the birthplace and the largest Arabica coffee producer in Sub-SaharanAfrica. However production and productivity is low due to various reasons. In largescale coffee producing area like Bebeka and lower parts of Tepi, biting ants arebecoming important pest in coffee production system. Biting ants are not directlyaffecting coffee crop growth but hindering the agronomic and ripe berry pickingactivities. As a result ripe coffee beans stay longer in the field subjected todeterioration. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess the current status andmanagement practices of the biting ant, Tetramorium aculeatum, at Bebeka CoffeeEstate Share Company. To figure out current status of biting ants number of nestswith colony was counted from ten sampled coffee trees replicated three timesconsidering coffee plants under shade and without shade, compact and open canopynature, and productive and less productive blocks. Five coffee varieties wereconsidered to determine number of nes...
During storage, maize grains are severely destroyed by insects and other pests. One of the most i... more During storage, maize grains are severely destroyed by insects and other pests. One of the most important causes of grain loss in stored maize is the damage caused by Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cereallela O. A study was conducted to evaluate selected locally available botanical powders and two cooking oils for their effectiveness as grain protectants against S. cereallela at Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine in 2011. The plant powders and cooking oils were compared with untreated control and Malathion super dust as standard control. The experiment was laid-out in completely randomized design with three replications for each treatment. Different dependent variables such as adult mortality, F1 progeny emergency and grain damage were assessed. The results revealed that there was an increase in adult mortality, decrease in F1 progeny emergency and grain damage as a result of botanical powders and cooking oils application to maize grains. Among the bota...
1 Kedir Shifa, 2 Waktole Sori and 3 Emana Getu 1 Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, P.O.Box 4... more 1 Kedir Shifa, 2 Waktole Sori and 3 Emana Getu 1 Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, P.O.Box 436, Nazareth, Ethiopia. 2 Jimma University, P.O.Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia. 3 Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. ..................................................................................................................... Abstract: Eri silk production and productivity depends highly on feeds consumed by eri silkworms (Samia cynthia ricini B.), which will be a function of feed sources. Preferred feed of eri silkworms is castor, however, there is an important difference in feed utilization efficiency when different castor genotypes were used as feed source for this silkworm. In this experiment, feed utilization efficiency of eri silkworm was studied on eight different castor genotypes namely Abaro, Acc 106584, Acc 203241, Acc 208624, Ar sel, Bako, Hiruy and local genotypes in Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia. The treatments were laid out in a...
Eri silk production and productivity depends highly on feeds consumed by eri silkworms (Samia cyn... more Eri silk production and productivity depends highly on feeds consumed by eri silkworms (Samia cynthia ricini B.), which will be a function of feed sources. Preferred feed of eri silkworms is castor, however, there is an important difference in feed utilization efficiency when different castor genotypes were used as feed source for this silkworm. In this experiment, feed utilization efficiency of eri silkworm was studied on eight different castor genotypes namely Abaro, Acc 106584, Acc 203241, Acc 208624, Ar sel, Bako, Hiruy and local genotypes in Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia. The treatments were laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in three replications. Fifty worms after their fourth molt were placed on rearing trays provided with castor leaves harvested from the eight different genotypes. The genotypes caused significantly different feed utilization efficiency on eri silkworm. Among castor genotypes, Abaro and Acc 208624 expressed better performance ...
Mycoflora of maize (Zea mays L.) grain (Variety: Bako Hybrid-660) stored in two traditional stora... more Mycoflora of maize (Zea mays L.) grain (Variety: Bako Hybrid-660) stored in two traditional storage containers (Gombisa and Sacks) for 180 days was studied for mycoflora in two agro-ecologies, that is Intermediate and Lowland, with altitude ranges of 1500-2500 meters above sea level, and 1000-1500 meters above sea level, respectively, in Jimma zone, Ethiopia. The temperature and relative humidity were observed for identifying fungi species which can flourish and cause maximum deterioration to maize grains. Significant (P<0.05) decreases in germination rate of the grains were observed with time under each storage method for both the low and intermediate altitude ranges. Germination percentage reduced from 98% and 97.5% to 68.5% and 80.5% for grains stored in Gombisa and Sacks, respectively. Storage type significantly (p<0.05) affected seed germination under intermediate agro-ecology whereas no significant (p>0.05) effect was observed under lowland agro-ecology due to storage...
ABSTRACT In storage, maize grains are severely destroyed by insects and other storage pests. One ... more ABSTRACT In storage, maize grains are severely destroyed by insects and other storage pests. One of the primary causes of grain loss in stored maize is the damage caused by maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais. A study was conducted to evaluate selected locally available botanical powders and cooking oils for their effectiveness as grain protectants against maize weevils at JUCAVM in year 2011. The plant powders and cooking oils were compared with untreated control and Malathion super dust as standard check. The experiment was laid-out in Completely Randomized Design with 13 treatments each replicated thrice. Different dependent variables such as cumulative adult mortality, F1 progeny emergency, grain damage were assessed. The results revealed that, among the botanical powders, there was an increased cumulative adult S. zeamais mortality, i.e. higher mortality, from powders of Chenopodium ambrosoides (70% with LT50 of 6.50 days), Azadiricta indica leaf (70% with LT50 of 6.00 days), A. indica bark (70% with LT50 of 8.40 days) and Tagetus erecta (70% with LT50 of 9.20 days) after 20 days of exposure periods. Apart from the untreated control, low mortality of S. zeamais adult was recorded from Allium sativum (50% with LT50 of 18.01 days), C. citratus (55% with LT50 of 18.30 days), Maesa lanceolata (55% with LT50 of 16.20 days) and Echinops kebericho (55% with LT50 of 14.50 days) after 20 days of exposure periods. Highest S. zeamais adult mortality of 95%, 100% and 100% was recorded from Brassica carinata oil, Gossypium hirsutum oil and the standard chemical Malathion, respectively with LT50 of less than one day in all cases. Maximum number of progeny was emerged from untreated check from 25th~40th days of exposures with cumulative increase (2 to 14 adults). There was no F1 progeny emergency from the three treatments (oils and Malathion) over the exposure periods reassuring the potency of the cooking oils against S. zeamais. As a result there was no perforated seed; no weight loss and maximum germination percentage of 94.60% were registered from the two cooking oils on par with the Malathion (95.50%). In conclusion, the two cooking oils were found to be the most potent bio-insecticides on par with standard check, Malathion and they can be used in integrated management of maize weevil, S. zeamais. Keywords Cooking oils; Cumulative mortality; Exposure time; Grain damage; LT50; Plant powders; Sitophilus zeamais
An experiment was conducted to know the effect of integrated use of bio-inoculants (Azotobacter s... more An experiment was conducted to know the effect of integrated use of bio-inoculants (Azotobacter sp. at 20 kg/ha/year, Aspergillus awamori at 25 kg/ha/year and Trichoderma harzianum at 20 kg/ha/year), farm yard manure (FYM) and inorganic fertilizers (IF, that is, Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) on fresh leaf yield and quality variables of M5 mulberry under rain-fed condition during 2006-07. The experiment was laid out using randomized complete block design with eight treatments replicated thrice. The results revealed that combined use of treatment components had a positive effect on fresh leaf yield and quality variables of mulberry on par with the standard check (100:50:50 kg/ha/year NPK and 12 MT/ha/year FYM). Application of the recommended dosage of fertilizers recorded maximum fresh leaf yield per plant (403.60 and 538.13; 718.74 and 867.57 g) at 45 and 60 days after pruning in the first and second crops, respectively. However, it was consistently and statistically on par wit...
Ethiopia is the birthplace and the largest Arabica coffee producer in Sub-SaharanAfrica. However ... more Ethiopia is the birthplace and the largest Arabica coffee producer in Sub-SaharanAfrica. However production and productivity is low due to various reasons. In largescale coffee producing area like Bebeka and lower parts of Tepi, biting ants arebecoming important pest in coffee production system. Biting ants are not directlyaffecting coffee crop growth but hindering the agronomic and ripe berry pickingactivities. As a result ripe coffee beans stay longer in the field subjected todeterioration. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess the current status andmanagement practices of the biting ant, Tetramorium aculeatum, at Bebeka CoffeeEstate Share Company. To figure out current status of biting ants number of nestswith colony was counted from ten sampled coffee trees replicated three timesconsidering coffee plants under shade and without shade, compact and open canopynature, and productive and less productive blocks. Five coffee varieties wereconsidered to determine number of nes...
During storage, maize grains are severely destroyed by insects and other pests. One of the most i... more During storage, maize grains are severely destroyed by insects and other pests. One of the most important causes of grain loss in stored maize is the damage caused by Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cereallela O. A study was conducted to evaluate selected locally available botanical powders and two cooking oils for their effectiveness as grain protectants against S. cereallela at Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine in 2011. The plant powders and cooking oils were compared with untreated control and Malathion super dust as standard control. The experiment was laid-out in completely randomized design with three replications for each treatment. Different dependent variables such as adult mortality, F1 progeny emergency and grain damage were assessed. The results revealed that there was an increase in adult mortality, decrease in F1 progeny emergency and grain damage as a result of botanical powders and cooking oils application to maize grains. Among the bota...
1 Kedir Shifa, 2 Waktole Sori and 3 Emana Getu 1 Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, P.O.Box 4... more 1 Kedir Shifa, 2 Waktole Sori and 3 Emana Getu 1 Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, P.O.Box 436, Nazareth, Ethiopia. 2 Jimma University, P.O.Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia. 3 Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. ..................................................................................................................... Abstract: Eri silk production and productivity depends highly on feeds consumed by eri silkworms (Samia cynthia ricini B.), which will be a function of feed sources. Preferred feed of eri silkworms is castor, however, there is an important difference in feed utilization efficiency when different castor genotypes were used as feed source for this silkworm. In this experiment, feed utilization efficiency of eri silkworm was studied on eight different castor genotypes namely Abaro, Acc 106584, Acc 203241, Acc 208624, Ar sel, Bako, Hiruy and local genotypes in Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia. The treatments were laid out in a...
Eri silk production and productivity depends highly on feeds consumed by eri silkworms (Samia cyn... more Eri silk production and productivity depends highly on feeds consumed by eri silkworms (Samia cynthia ricini B.), which will be a function of feed sources. Preferred feed of eri silkworms is castor, however, there is an important difference in feed utilization efficiency when different castor genotypes were used as feed source for this silkworm. In this experiment, feed utilization efficiency of eri silkworm was studied on eight different castor genotypes namely Abaro, Acc 106584, Acc 203241, Acc 208624, Ar sel, Bako, Hiruy and local genotypes in Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia. The treatments were laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in three replications. Fifty worms after their fourth molt were placed on rearing trays provided with castor leaves harvested from the eight different genotypes. The genotypes caused significantly different feed utilization efficiency on eri silkworm. Among castor genotypes, Abaro and Acc 208624 expressed better performance ...
Mycoflora of maize (Zea mays L.) grain (Variety: Bako Hybrid-660) stored in two traditional stora... more Mycoflora of maize (Zea mays L.) grain (Variety: Bako Hybrid-660) stored in two traditional storage containers (Gombisa and Sacks) for 180 days was studied for mycoflora in two agro-ecologies, that is Intermediate and Lowland, with altitude ranges of 1500-2500 meters above sea level, and 1000-1500 meters above sea level, respectively, in Jimma zone, Ethiopia. The temperature and relative humidity were observed for identifying fungi species which can flourish and cause maximum deterioration to maize grains. Significant (P<0.05) decreases in germination rate of the grains were observed with time under each storage method for both the low and intermediate altitude ranges. Germination percentage reduced from 98% and 97.5% to 68.5% and 80.5% for grains stored in Gombisa and Sacks, respectively. Storage type significantly (p<0.05) affected seed germination under intermediate agro-ecology whereas no significant (p>0.05) effect was observed under lowland agro-ecology due to storage...
ABSTRACT In storage, maize grains are severely destroyed by insects and other storage pests. One ... more ABSTRACT In storage, maize grains are severely destroyed by insects and other storage pests. One of the primary causes of grain loss in stored maize is the damage caused by maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais. A study was conducted to evaluate selected locally available botanical powders and cooking oils for their effectiveness as grain protectants against maize weevils at JUCAVM in year 2011. The plant powders and cooking oils were compared with untreated control and Malathion super dust as standard check. The experiment was laid-out in Completely Randomized Design with 13 treatments each replicated thrice. Different dependent variables such as cumulative adult mortality, F1 progeny emergency, grain damage were assessed. The results revealed that, among the botanical powders, there was an increased cumulative adult S. zeamais mortality, i.e. higher mortality, from powders of Chenopodium ambrosoides (70% with LT50 of 6.50 days), Azadiricta indica leaf (70% with LT50 of 6.00 days), A. indica bark (70% with LT50 of 8.40 days) and Tagetus erecta (70% with LT50 of 9.20 days) after 20 days of exposure periods. Apart from the untreated control, low mortality of S. zeamais adult was recorded from Allium sativum (50% with LT50 of 18.01 days), C. citratus (55% with LT50 of 18.30 days), Maesa lanceolata (55% with LT50 of 16.20 days) and Echinops kebericho (55% with LT50 of 14.50 days) after 20 days of exposure periods. Highest S. zeamais adult mortality of 95%, 100% and 100% was recorded from Brassica carinata oil, Gossypium hirsutum oil and the standard chemical Malathion, respectively with LT50 of less than one day in all cases. Maximum number of progeny was emerged from untreated check from 25th~40th days of exposures with cumulative increase (2 to 14 adults). There was no F1 progeny emergency from the three treatments (oils and Malathion) over the exposure periods reassuring the potency of the cooking oils against S. zeamais. As a result there was no perforated seed; no weight loss and maximum germination percentage of 94.60% were registered from the two cooking oils on par with the Malathion (95.50%). In conclusion, the two cooking oils were found to be the most potent bio-insecticides on par with standard check, Malathion and they can be used in integrated management of maize weevil, S. zeamais. Keywords Cooking oils; Cumulative mortality; Exposure time; Grain damage; LT50; Plant powders; Sitophilus zeamais
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