This report presents a synthesis and integration of the findings of the four MA Working Groups (C... more This report presents a synthesis and integration of the findings of the four MA Working Groups (Condition and Trends, Scenarios, Responses, and Sub-global Assessments). It does not, however, provide a comprehensive summary of each Working Group report, and readers are encouraged to also review the findings of these separately. This synthesis is organized around the core questions originally posed to the assessment: How have ecosystems and their services changed? What has caused these changes? How have these changes affected human well-being? How might ecosystems change in the future and what are the implications for human well-being? And what options exist to enhance the conservation of ecosystems and their contribution to human well-being?
Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, 1989
tag=1 data=Sustainable development: lessons from success. by Walter V.C. Reid. tag=2 data=Reid, W... more tag=1 data=Sustainable development: lessons from success. by Walter V.C. Reid. tag=2 data=Reid, Walter V.C. tag=3 data=Economic Impact. tag=5 data=71/2 tag=6 data=1990 tag=7 data=26-32. tag=8 data=DEVELOPMENT tag=9 data=SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT tag=10 data=Evidence is meagre but growing, says the author, that developing countries are becoming increasingly attuned to the need for ecology restoration and for finding ways to redraft tax laws and other policies so as to minimize environmental degradation. tag=11 data=1990/2/8 tag=12 data=235 tag=13 data=CAB
AGRIS record. Record number, US9158775. Titles, Drowning the national heritage: climate change an... more AGRIS record. Record number, US9158775. Titles, Drowning the national heritage: climate change and US coastal biodiversity. Personal Authors, Reid, WV,Trexler, MC. Publisher, World Resources Institute. Publisher Place, Washington, DC (USA). Publication Date, [1991]. ...
The Wetlands and Water synthesis was designed for the Ramsar Convention to meet the need for info... more The Wetlands and Water synthesis was designed for the Ramsar Convention to meet the need for information about the consequences of ecosystem change for human well-being and sought to strengthen the link between scientific knowledge and decision-making for the conservation and wise use of wetlands.
edge—like its parent, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA)—nor is it a scientific review. Rat... more edge—like its parent, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA)—nor is it a scientific review. Rather, it is a set of papers exploring issues related to bridging scales and knowledge systems, in particular those concerning the intersection of the two in scientific assessments. The idea of building bridges across scales and knowledge systems is not novel. Geographers have been dealing with scale issues for decades, and a sophisticated literature exists on scale and environmental management (e.g., Cash and Moser 2000). Similarly, the idea of seeking bridges across knowledge systems goes back at least to the 1950s, to C. P. Snow’s famous analysis of the divide between the sciences and the humanities (Snow 1993). Although much experience with global and large regional assessments exists, understanding the processes that affect ecosystem services and human well-being also requires attention to subglobal levels and the plurality of scales and epistemologies. What happens at the global leve...
In response to lessons from previous international assessments and in light of unique features of... more In response to lessons from previous international assessments and in light of unique features of ecosystems and their management, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment was designed as a multi-scale assessment and has established mechanisms to incorporate information and knowledge from non-peer-reviewed sources including local and traditional knowledge. This paper briefly reviews the rationale for the MA, and describes the multi-scale and multi-epistemology features of the MA, the rationale for those features, and the challenges being encountered in their implementation. In particular, the paper explores: i) the definition of scale within the MA, noting that the distinguishing features of the different scales of the MA appear now to involve principally the scale of authority of the users of the assessment rather than the scale of analysis of the system; ii) mechanisms to overcome barriers to effective cross-scale interactions among assessments; iii) the fundamental challenge of undert...
ABSTRACT The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment and the findings of more recent literature document ... more ABSTRACT The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment and the findings of more recent literature document the significant local, regional and global threats posed by the growing problem of nitrogen pollution in many regions, as well as the threat to food security posed by too little use of nitrogen in other regions, particularly in Africa. Although practical solutions to problems associated with the use of nitrogen are known, policy and management actions in response to these problems have been limited. This paper reviews global nitrogen trends and impacts and explores why, given the broad scientific consensus, action to address this challenge has been so limited. It examines whether there are opportunities to more effectively mobilize the scientific information on these issues to stimulate changes in policies and management practices. The emerging framework for climate change mitigation may prove to be one of the most important points of leverage in tackling this problem.
Progress in understanding and addressing both global environmental change and sustainable develop... more Progress in understanding and addressing both global environmental change and sustainable development requires better integration of social science research.
This report presents a synthesis and integration of the findings of the four MA Working Groups (C... more This report presents a synthesis and integration of the findings of the four MA Working Groups (Condition and Trends, Scenarios, Responses, and Sub-global Assessments). It does not, however, provide a comprehensive summary of each Working Group report, and readers are encouraged to also review the findings of these separately. This synthesis is organized around the core questions originally posed to the assessment: How have ecosystems and their services changed? What has caused these changes? How have these changes affected human well-being? How might ecosystems change in the future and what are the implications for human well-being? And what options exist to enhance the conservation of ecosystems and their contribution to human well-being?
Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, 1989
tag=1 data=Sustainable development: lessons from success. by Walter V.C. Reid. tag=2 data=Reid, W... more tag=1 data=Sustainable development: lessons from success. by Walter V.C. Reid. tag=2 data=Reid, Walter V.C. tag=3 data=Economic Impact. tag=5 data=71/2 tag=6 data=1990 tag=7 data=26-32. tag=8 data=DEVELOPMENT tag=9 data=SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT tag=10 data=Evidence is meagre but growing, says the author, that developing countries are becoming increasingly attuned to the need for ecology restoration and for finding ways to redraft tax laws and other policies so as to minimize environmental degradation. tag=11 data=1990/2/8 tag=12 data=235 tag=13 data=CAB
AGRIS record. Record number, US9158775. Titles, Drowning the national heritage: climate change an... more AGRIS record. Record number, US9158775. Titles, Drowning the national heritage: climate change and US coastal biodiversity. Personal Authors, Reid, WV,Trexler, MC. Publisher, World Resources Institute. Publisher Place, Washington, DC (USA). Publication Date, [1991]. ...
The Wetlands and Water synthesis was designed for the Ramsar Convention to meet the need for info... more The Wetlands and Water synthesis was designed for the Ramsar Convention to meet the need for information about the consequences of ecosystem change for human well-being and sought to strengthen the link between scientific knowledge and decision-making for the conservation and wise use of wetlands.
edge—like its parent, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA)—nor is it a scientific review. Rat... more edge—like its parent, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA)—nor is it a scientific review. Rather, it is a set of papers exploring issues related to bridging scales and knowledge systems, in particular those concerning the intersection of the two in scientific assessments. The idea of building bridges across scales and knowledge systems is not novel. Geographers have been dealing with scale issues for decades, and a sophisticated literature exists on scale and environmental management (e.g., Cash and Moser 2000). Similarly, the idea of seeking bridges across knowledge systems goes back at least to the 1950s, to C. P. Snow’s famous analysis of the divide between the sciences and the humanities (Snow 1993). Although much experience with global and large regional assessments exists, understanding the processes that affect ecosystem services and human well-being also requires attention to subglobal levels and the plurality of scales and epistemologies. What happens at the global leve...
In response to lessons from previous international assessments and in light of unique features of... more In response to lessons from previous international assessments and in light of unique features of ecosystems and their management, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment was designed as a multi-scale assessment and has established mechanisms to incorporate information and knowledge from non-peer-reviewed sources including local and traditional knowledge. This paper briefly reviews the rationale for the MA, and describes the multi-scale and multi-epistemology features of the MA, the rationale for those features, and the challenges being encountered in their implementation. In particular, the paper explores: i) the definition of scale within the MA, noting that the distinguishing features of the different scales of the MA appear now to involve principally the scale of authority of the users of the assessment rather than the scale of analysis of the system; ii) mechanisms to overcome barriers to effective cross-scale interactions among assessments; iii) the fundamental challenge of undert...
ABSTRACT The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment and the findings of more recent literature document ... more ABSTRACT The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment and the findings of more recent literature document the significant local, regional and global threats posed by the growing problem of nitrogen pollution in many regions, as well as the threat to food security posed by too little use of nitrogen in other regions, particularly in Africa. Although practical solutions to problems associated with the use of nitrogen are known, policy and management actions in response to these problems have been limited. This paper reviews global nitrogen trends and impacts and explores why, given the broad scientific consensus, action to address this challenge has been so limited. It examines whether there are opportunities to more effectively mobilize the scientific information on these issues to stimulate changes in policies and management practices. The emerging framework for climate change mitigation may prove to be one of the most important points of leverage in tackling this problem.
Progress in understanding and addressing both global environmental change and sustainable develop... more Progress in understanding and addressing both global environmental change and sustainable development requires better integration of social science research.
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Papers by Walter Reid