Background Although several studies have shown that the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockd... more Background Although several studies have shown that the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown has had negative impacts on mental health and eating behaviors among the general population and athletes, few studies have examined the long-term effects on elite and sub-elite athletes. The present study aimed to investigate the long-term impact of COVID-19 lockdown on mental health and eating behaviors in elite versus sub-elite athletes two years into the pandemic. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted between March and April 2022, involving athletes from 14 countries, using a convenient non-probabilistic and snowball sampling method. A total of 1420 athletes (24.5 ± 7.9 years old, 569 elites, 35% women, and 851 sub-elites, 45% women) completed an online survey-based questionnaire. The questionnaire included a sociodemographic survey, information about the COVID-19 pandemic, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale—21 Items (DASS-21) for mental health assessment, and th...
IntroductionDespite the progress in the management of the pandemic caused by COVID-19, it is nece... more IntroductionDespite the progress in the management of the pandemic caused by COVID-19, it is necessary to continue exploring and explaining how this situation affected the athlete population around the world to improve their circumstances and reduce the negative impact of changes in their lifestyle conditions that were necessitated due to the pandemic. The aim of this study was to analyze the moderating influence of physical activity (PA) and dietary habits on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic experience on sleep quality in elite and amateur athletes.Materials and methodsA total of 1,420 elite (40.1%) and amateur (59.9%) athletes (41% women; 59% men) from 14 different countries participated in a cross-sectional design study. Data were collected using a battery of questionnaires that identified sociodemographic data, sleep quality index, PA levels, dietary habits, and the athletes' perception of their experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Means and standard deviations were c...
It is important for people to improve cognitive and motor performance. The purpouse of this study... more It is important for people to improve cognitive and motor performance. The purpouse of this study was to investigate the effect of running on treadmill in spatial memory and learning and motor performance. 24 Albino-Wistar healthy male rats were randomly divided into control and activity groups. Activity group ran 7 days on treadmill (speed 22m/min 30 minutes a day). After the end of activity period, Morris Water Maze and open-field tests were done to respectively assess spatial learning and motor performance. It was used latency time, and distance moved to find platform to assess spatial learning, and distance moved, mobility duration, and movement speed to assess motor activity. It was used SEM±M and analyze variance (2groups*3days) and independent-t tests to analyze data. Results indicated that In spatial learning, activity group was significantly better in acquisition (distance moved F2,44=6.578 p=0.003 and latency time F2,44=10.550, p=0.000), probe (time spend in target quarter t22=2.534, p=0.019), and retrieval tests (distance moved t22=2.651, p-0.015) than control group. In motor activity there was no significant difference between two groups. The results of this study show that the forced running of rats on treadmill for a week can improve learning and memory.
Introduction: Learning disorder is one of the most challenging problems in psychology and educati... more Introduction: Learning disorder is one of the most challenging problems in psychology and education. An important feature of children with learning disorder is impairment of memory functions. We aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic Training on cognitive performance improvement in elementary girl students with learning disorder. Materials and Methods: The population in this study consisted 45 girl students (8 years) of Sarayan city in the 2013-14 academic year that 30 cases were selected by simple random sampling, and they divided randomly in two equal control and experimental groups. At first, learning disorders were checked through interviews with children and parents, background and run test Wechsler. The participating children hadn't illness such as epilepsy. Cognitive performance was evaluated using Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised. The experimental group received 8-week aerobic training therapy. Statistical analysis using descriptive and analysis of va...
Aim: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of parental support of their ch... more Aim: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of parental support of their children’s participation in recreational sports classes. Methods: This study was a functional-descriptive survey in which a self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. It consisted of variables including psychological, cultural, social, emotional, economical and informational support. The face and content validities were evaluated by 10 professors specialized in sport education. Moreover, confirmatory factor analysis assessed the validity of questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by Cronbach's alpha in the pilot study. The study population included all children participating in the recreational sports classes at summer 2016 out of whom a sample of 300 was selected randomly. Findings: The results showed that all variables (Psychological, Cultural, Social, Emotional, Economical and Informational support) encouraged the participation of children...
Background Although several studies have shown that the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockd... more Background Although several studies have shown that the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown has had negative impacts on mental health and eating behaviors among the general population and athletes, few studies have examined the long-term effects on elite and sub-elite athletes. The present study aimed to investigate the long-term impact of COVID-19 lockdown on mental health and eating behaviors in elite versus sub-elite athletes two years into the pandemic. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted between March and April 2022, involving athletes from 14 countries, using a convenient non-probabilistic and snowball sampling method. A total of 1420 athletes (24.5 ± 7.9 years old, 569 elites, 35% women, and 851 sub-elites, 45% women) completed an online survey-based questionnaire. The questionnaire included a sociodemographic survey, information about the COVID-19 pandemic, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale—21 Items (DASS-21) for mental health assessment, and th...
IntroductionDespite the progress in the management of the pandemic caused by COVID-19, it is nece... more IntroductionDespite the progress in the management of the pandemic caused by COVID-19, it is necessary to continue exploring and explaining how this situation affected the athlete population around the world to improve their circumstances and reduce the negative impact of changes in their lifestyle conditions that were necessitated due to the pandemic. The aim of this study was to analyze the moderating influence of physical activity (PA) and dietary habits on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic experience on sleep quality in elite and amateur athletes.Materials and methodsA total of 1,420 elite (40.1%) and amateur (59.9%) athletes (41% women; 59% men) from 14 different countries participated in a cross-sectional design study. Data were collected using a battery of questionnaires that identified sociodemographic data, sleep quality index, PA levels, dietary habits, and the athletes' perception of their experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Means and standard deviations were c...
It is important for people to improve cognitive and motor performance. The purpouse of this study... more It is important for people to improve cognitive and motor performance. The purpouse of this study was to investigate the effect of running on treadmill in spatial memory and learning and motor performance. 24 Albino-Wistar healthy male rats were randomly divided into control and activity groups. Activity group ran 7 days on treadmill (speed 22m/min 30 minutes a day). After the end of activity period, Morris Water Maze and open-field tests were done to respectively assess spatial learning and motor performance. It was used latency time, and distance moved to find platform to assess spatial learning, and distance moved, mobility duration, and movement speed to assess motor activity. It was used SEM±M and analyze variance (2groups*3days) and independent-t tests to analyze data. Results indicated that In spatial learning, activity group was significantly better in acquisition (distance moved F2,44=6.578 p=0.003 and latency time F2,44=10.550, p=0.000), probe (time spend in target quarter t22=2.534, p=0.019), and retrieval tests (distance moved t22=2.651, p-0.015) than control group. In motor activity there was no significant difference between two groups. The results of this study show that the forced running of rats on treadmill for a week can improve learning and memory.
Introduction: Learning disorder is one of the most challenging problems in psychology and educati... more Introduction: Learning disorder is one of the most challenging problems in psychology and education. An important feature of children with learning disorder is impairment of memory functions. We aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic Training on cognitive performance improvement in elementary girl students with learning disorder. Materials and Methods: The population in this study consisted 45 girl students (8 years) of Sarayan city in the 2013-14 academic year that 30 cases were selected by simple random sampling, and they divided randomly in two equal control and experimental groups. At first, learning disorders were checked through interviews with children and parents, background and run test Wechsler. The participating children hadn't illness such as epilepsy. Cognitive performance was evaluated using Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised. The experimental group received 8-week aerobic training therapy. Statistical analysis using descriptive and analysis of va...
Aim: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of parental support of their ch... more Aim: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of parental support of their children’s participation in recreational sports classes. Methods: This study was a functional-descriptive survey in which a self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. It consisted of variables including psychological, cultural, social, emotional, economical and informational support. The face and content validities were evaluated by 10 professors specialized in sport education. Moreover, confirmatory factor analysis assessed the validity of questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by Cronbach's alpha in the pilot study. The study population included all children participating in the recreational sports classes at summer 2016 out of whom a sample of 300 was selected randomly. Findings: The results showed that all variables (Psychological, Cultural, Social, Emotional, Economical and Informational support) encouraged the participation of children...
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