With the passage of time, we have realised that economic integration in world is causing havoc in... more With the passage of time, we have realised that economic integration in world is causing havoc in the international economies. This integration mainly includes trade and financial liberalisation. The debate about the common currency regime has evolved over time but the most talked about common currency Euro has not helped to avoid or overcome the financial crisis. The monetary market integration might not be helpful for flourishing of financial system in favour of growth of the economies so Islamic countries may avoid such experiments. In this article, we will discuss various reasons with the historical background and data analysis which will support the argument that diversities in socio-economic and political conditions might not be helpful in attaining the ultimate goal of integration between Islamic countries. An option of reserve currency formation by the Islamic countries is also explored in our study.
This study examines the impact of economic growth along with taxes, technology, trade openness an... more This study examines the impact of economic growth along with taxes, technology, trade openness and exchange rate on the sustainability of foreign private investment (FPI) in Pakistan. This study us...
This study analyzes the impact of education, health policy initiatives i.e. selection of treatmen... more This study analyzes the impact of education, health policy initiatives i.e. selection of treatment arms of ambulatory vs. hospital care and financial incentives under taken by the National Tuberculosis Program of Pakistan (NTP) on the outcome of cure of multi-drug resistance tuberculosis patients. The data of 370 patients enrolled in randomized control trial is collected from three TB centers of Lahore, Karachi and Murree and multi-variate logistic regression method is applied. The empirical findings show that formal education and selection of treatment arm do not significantly affect the outcome of the cure. However, health literacy provided by the NTP plays vital role in improving the treatment outcomes. Therefore, it is suggested that health literacy should be focused in our formal education for the improvement of the health-status of the nation. Moreover, WHO (2011) recommendation of shift towards ambulatory care is applicable for Pakistan and financial incentives should continu...
The aim of this study is to examine the association of financial development, trade openness and ... more The aim of this study is to examine the association of financial development, trade openness and sustainable environmental-economic growth among the South Asian countries. This study also identifie...
This study identifies and analyzes a number of factors that correlate with the environmental-heal... more This study identifies and analyzes a number of factors that correlate with the environmental-health outcome of multi-drug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment in Pakistan. Survival analysis is carried out by applying the multivariable Cox Proportional Hazard model on secondary data of 369 patients registered at three main MDR-TB sites in Pakistan during 2012-2017. Results show that there is no difference in survival of patients between the two treatment arms, hospital and ambulatory care. Male gender and travel expenditure are found to be negatively associated with the environmental-health outcome, whereas spatial characteristic of time expenditure is positively related to it supporting distance bias approach. Medical expenditure is also positively related to the environmental-health outcome. The study concludes that availability of affordable and accessible health services, better environmental conditions, and ambulatory care based on WHO recommendation as well as health education along with social protection schemes should be ensured by the government to improve environmental-health outcome in the resource-scarce setting in Pakistan.
1. INTRODUCTION Undoubtedly, in the new millennium, the importance of energy sector for the devel... more 1. INTRODUCTION Undoubtedly, in the new millennium, the importance of energy sector for the development of a country is undeniable. Rapidly increasing knowledge along with speedy technological innovation has resulted in the provision of abundance of facilities. This has ...
With the passage of time, we have realised that economic integration in world is causing havoc in... more With the passage of time, we have realised that economic integration in world is causing havoc in the international economies. This integration mainly includes trade and financial liberalisation. The debate about the common currency regime has evolved over time but the most talked about common currency Euro has not helped to avoid or overcome the financial crisis. The monetary market integration might not be helpful for flourishing of financial system in favour of growth of the economies so Islamic countries may avoid such experiments. In this article, we will discuss various reasons with the historical background and data analysis which will support the argument that diversities in socio-economic and political conditions might not be helpful in attaining the ultimate goal of integration between Islamic countries. An option of reserve currency formation by the Islamic countries is also explored in our study.
This study examines the impact of economic growth along with taxes, technology, trade openness an... more This study examines the impact of economic growth along with taxes, technology, trade openness and exchange rate on the sustainability of foreign private investment (FPI) in Pakistan. This study us...
This study analyzes the impact of education, health policy initiatives i.e. selection of treatmen... more This study analyzes the impact of education, health policy initiatives i.e. selection of treatment arms of ambulatory vs. hospital care and financial incentives under taken by the National Tuberculosis Program of Pakistan (NTP) on the outcome of cure of multi-drug resistance tuberculosis patients. The data of 370 patients enrolled in randomized control trial is collected from three TB centers of Lahore, Karachi and Murree and multi-variate logistic regression method is applied. The empirical findings show that formal education and selection of treatment arm do not significantly affect the outcome of the cure. However, health literacy provided by the NTP plays vital role in improving the treatment outcomes. Therefore, it is suggested that health literacy should be focused in our formal education for the improvement of the health-status of the nation. Moreover, WHO (2011) recommendation of shift towards ambulatory care is applicable for Pakistan and financial incentives should continu...
The aim of this study is to examine the association of financial development, trade openness and ... more The aim of this study is to examine the association of financial development, trade openness and sustainable environmental-economic growth among the South Asian countries. This study also identifie...
This study identifies and analyzes a number of factors that correlate with the environmental-heal... more This study identifies and analyzes a number of factors that correlate with the environmental-health outcome of multi-drug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment in Pakistan. Survival analysis is carried out by applying the multivariable Cox Proportional Hazard model on secondary data of 369 patients registered at three main MDR-TB sites in Pakistan during 2012-2017. Results show that there is no difference in survival of patients between the two treatment arms, hospital and ambulatory care. Male gender and travel expenditure are found to be negatively associated with the environmental-health outcome, whereas spatial characteristic of time expenditure is positively related to it supporting distance bias approach. Medical expenditure is also positively related to the environmental-health outcome. The study concludes that availability of affordable and accessible health services, better environmental conditions, and ambulatory care based on WHO recommendation as well as health education along with social protection schemes should be ensured by the government to improve environmental-health outcome in the resource-scarce setting in Pakistan.
1. INTRODUCTION Undoubtedly, in the new millennium, the importance of energy sector for the devel... more 1. INTRODUCTION Undoubtedly, in the new millennium, the importance of energy sector for the development of a country is undeniable. Rapidly increasing knowledge along with speedy technological innovation has resulted in the provision of abundance of facilities. This has ...
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