Background and aims – A linear morphometric analysis of three taxa of the Tillandsia erubescens c... more Background and aims – A linear morphometric analysis of three taxa of the Tillandsia erubescens complex, composed of T. erubescens var. arroyoensis, T. erubescens var. erubescens, and T. erubescens var. patentibracteata, is presented to evaluate their circumscription. Additionally, their taxonomic rank as varieties or species is discussed considering the obtained results. Geographic distribution, the influence of climate, elevation, and geographic distance on morphological differences between the taxonomic entities is explored.Material and methods – Of a total of 110 herbarium specimens reviewed, 44 were measured. These were previously identified as T. erubescens var. arroyoensis, T. erubescens var. erubescens, or T. erubescens var. patentibracteata. Factor and cluster analyses were performed using 16 quantitative morphological characters. The resulting groups were considered as taxonomic entities supported by morphometric characters, and species distributions were plotted against M...
Understanding the spatial and temporal frameworks of species diversification is fundamental in ev... more Understanding the spatial and temporal frameworks of species diversification is fundamental in evolutionary biology. Assessing the geographic origin and dispersal history of highly diverse lineages of rapid diversification can be hindered by the lack of appropriately sampled, resolved, and strongly supported phylogenetic contexts. The use of currently available cost-efficient sequencing strategies allows for the generation of a substantial amount of sequence data for dense taxonomic samplings, which together with well-curated geographic information and biogeographic models allow us to formally test the mode and tempo of dispersal events occurring in quick succession. Here, we assess the spatial and temporal frameworks for the origin and dispersal history of the expanded clade K, a highly diverse Tillandsia subgenus Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae, Poales) lineage hypothesized to have undergone a rapid radiation across the Neotropics. We assembled full plastomes from Hyb-Seq data for a dens...
Background: Hechtia is known among Bromeliaceae by its unisexual, sexually dimorphic, mainly frag... more Background: Hechtia is known among Bromeliaceae by its unisexual, sexually dimorphic, mainly fragrant flowers and dioecy; delimitation of taxa particularly on those with lateral inflorescence, requires qualitative morphological evidence from both sexes, because dimensions of structures change during its growth. Hypotheses: Hechtia species are delimitated based on a combination of discrete morphological characters from both sexes, associated with narrow geographical distributions. If examination of populations of San Luis Potosí shows characters that place the taxon in the genus and distinguish it from other species in Hechtia, the taxon will be described as new. Taxon: Hechtioideae, Hechtia sp. nov. Study site and dates: Mexican State of San Luis Potosí and vicinities, 2015-2021. Methods: Live plants as well as herbarium material of the new taxon and the most morphological similar species, were analyzed, with examination of inflorescences and flowers of both sexes, fruits, and seeds...
Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, Apr 7, 2022
A taxonomic revision of the Central American genus Mesoamerantha I. Ramírez & K. Romero is he... more A taxonomic revision of the Central American genus Mesoamerantha I. Ramírez & K. Romero is here presented. Each species entry includes full nomenclature, a morphological description, distributional and phenological data, a discussion of affinities, illustrations, and a conservation assessment following IUCN guidelines. In addition, epitypes are proposed for M. dichroantha (Donn. Sm.) I. Ramírez & K. Romero, a species endemic to Guatemala, and for M. malvernii (Gilmartin) I. Ramírez & K. Romero, a species restricted to Honduras and Nicaragua, the holotypes of which represent a single sex and are not sufficient for unambiguous identification. An artificial key is also included in order to identify live as well as herbarium specimens of all taxa.
Hechtia argentea was described from a cultivated pistillate plant of unknown origin. The type spe... more Hechtia argentea was described from a cultivated pistillate plant of unknown origin. The type specimen consists of a leaf fragment and a portion of a pistillate inflorescence. Hechtia argentea is part of a group of species with rosettes that bloom laterally, showing variation in dimensions and structure of the inflorescences of both sexes through the different years of flowering. Delimitation of species becomes more complicated where staminate and/or pistillate plants of different species are frequently similar, making it essential to have all plant structures available for accurate identifications. We designate an epitype for Hechtia argentea, consisting of a staminate plant, allowing for the unambiguous identification of the species. Species in Hechtia have restricted geographical distributions; thus, we provide precise locality data for H. argentea within Megamexico based on herbarium specimens. The species is endemic to the Sierra Madre Oriental and Mexican Plateau biogeographic...
Individuals of Aechmea bracteata show inflorescences with red scape bracts and odourless, yellow,... more Individuals of Aechmea bracteata show inflorescences with red scape bracts and odourless, yellow, tubular diurnal flowers, with closely arranged sexual organs, producing a large amount of fruits. In order to investigate the reproductive system of this species, a suite of characters was assessed: phenology, floral morphology and biology, nectar production dynamics, and fruit and seed production and germination, as a result of controlled pollination crosses. The study was conducted during two flowering seasons in wild populations in Yucatán, Mexico. Results suggest an annual flowering pattern with one flowering peak; flowers were diurnal, showing partial dichogamy (protandry)‐herkogamy, anthers and stigma become mature before floral aperture, which could lead to self‐pollination, nectar is produced during anthesis, varying in volume and total sugar concentration during the day; fruits and seeds were produced in all experimental crosses (cross‐pollination, obligated cross‐pollination, ...
La guapilla (Hechtia podantha Mez) es una bromelia que comparte caracteres con agaves: forma arro... more La guapilla (Hechtia podantha Mez) es una bromelia que comparte caracteres con agaves: forma arrosetada y hojas suculentas con espinas en sus márgenes. Sin embargo, presenta algunas características que la distinguen de los agaves. Se responden una serie de incógnitas y se aportan datos curiosos sobre la historia de vida de la especie, que te permitirán aprender cosas maravillosas de una planta agresiva que no volverás a ver de la misma manera.
This is the first phylogenetic analysis of the Megamexican Bromeliaceae genus Hechtia and include... more This is the first phylogenetic analysis of the Megamexican Bromeliaceae genus Hechtia and includes 82.6 % of the known taxa. We used plastid (ycf1, rpl32-trnL intergenic spacer), and nuclear (PRK) DNA regions, as well as morphological characters. We generated 244 new sequences for a total of 62 taxa (including 12 species of the outgroup). Results of combined data using parsimony and Bayesian inference reveal the monophyly of Hechtia, as well as identify five well supported clades: (1) a clade (H. tillandsioides complex) as the sister group to the rest of Hechtia; (2) a clade including the species of the H. guatemalensis complex, distributed in Southern Megamexico; the remaining taxa of the genus are retained in a clade which consists of three well-supported clades; (3) the H. glomerata complex distributed in the Gulf of Mexico drainage; (4) a clade of two species (H. deceptrix and H. epigyna) that share an inferior ovary and are distributed north of the Tehuantepec Isthmus in the Si...
Meeting Abstract: 35 Willin Henning Society Meeting : a conflicting taxonomic rank either as a ge... more Meeting Abstract: 35 Willin Henning Society Meeting : a conflicting taxonomic rank either as a genus, or as a subgenus or section within the pantropical genus Boerhavia. A morphological phylogenetic analysis based on parsimony was conducted to test the monophyly of Anulocaulis, to evaluate its phylogenetic position with respect to other potentially related taxa, to postulate phylogenetic hypotheses for its species and to study the evolution of some morphological characters. The anal-ysis included 25 terminals of tribe Nyctaginae. The ingroup included all currently recognized taxa within Anulocaulis. The outgroup consisted of 14 species of the three potentially closely related genera (Boerhavia, Commicarpus and Cyphomeris) plus Okenia hypogaea (subtribe Boerhaviinae) and Nyctaginia capitata and Mirabilis glabrifolia (subtribe Nyctagininae), the last one as the functional outgroup. A total of 41 potentially informative characters were coded, concerning vegeta-tive and floral structure...
Background and aims – A linear morphometric analysis of three taxa of the Tillandsia erubescens c... more Background and aims – A linear morphometric analysis of three taxa of the Tillandsia erubescens complex, composed of T. erubescens var. arroyoensis, T. erubescens var. erubescens, and T. erubescens var. patentibracteata, is presented to evaluate their circumscription. Additionally, their taxonomic rank as varieties or species is discussed considering the obtained results. Geographic distribution, the influence of climate, elevation, and geographic distance on morphological differences between the taxonomic entities is explored.Material and methods – Of a total of 110 herbarium specimens reviewed, 44 were measured. These were previously identified as T. erubescens var. arroyoensis, T. erubescens var. erubescens, or T. erubescens var. patentibracteata. Factor and cluster analyses were performed using 16 quantitative morphological characters. The resulting groups were considered as taxonomic entities supported by morphometric characters, and species distributions were plotted against M...
Understanding the spatial and temporal frameworks of species diversification is fundamental in ev... more Understanding the spatial and temporal frameworks of species diversification is fundamental in evolutionary biology. Assessing the geographic origin and dispersal history of highly diverse lineages of rapid diversification can be hindered by the lack of appropriately sampled, resolved, and strongly supported phylogenetic contexts. The use of currently available cost-efficient sequencing strategies allows for the generation of a substantial amount of sequence data for dense taxonomic samplings, which together with well-curated geographic information and biogeographic models allow us to formally test the mode and tempo of dispersal events occurring in quick succession. Here, we assess the spatial and temporal frameworks for the origin and dispersal history of the expanded clade K, a highly diverse Tillandsia subgenus Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae, Poales) lineage hypothesized to have undergone a rapid radiation across the Neotropics. We assembled full plastomes from Hyb-Seq data for a dens...
Background: Hechtia is known among Bromeliaceae by its unisexual, sexually dimorphic, mainly frag... more Background: Hechtia is known among Bromeliaceae by its unisexual, sexually dimorphic, mainly fragrant flowers and dioecy; delimitation of taxa particularly on those with lateral inflorescence, requires qualitative morphological evidence from both sexes, because dimensions of structures change during its growth. Hypotheses: Hechtia species are delimitated based on a combination of discrete morphological characters from both sexes, associated with narrow geographical distributions. If examination of populations of San Luis Potosí shows characters that place the taxon in the genus and distinguish it from other species in Hechtia, the taxon will be described as new. Taxon: Hechtioideae, Hechtia sp. nov. Study site and dates: Mexican State of San Luis Potosí and vicinities, 2015-2021. Methods: Live plants as well as herbarium material of the new taxon and the most morphological similar species, were analyzed, with examination of inflorescences and flowers of both sexes, fruits, and seeds...
Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, Apr 7, 2022
A taxonomic revision of the Central American genus Mesoamerantha I. Ramírez & K. Romero is he... more A taxonomic revision of the Central American genus Mesoamerantha I. Ramírez & K. Romero is here presented. Each species entry includes full nomenclature, a morphological description, distributional and phenological data, a discussion of affinities, illustrations, and a conservation assessment following IUCN guidelines. In addition, epitypes are proposed for M. dichroantha (Donn. Sm.) I. Ramírez & K. Romero, a species endemic to Guatemala, and for M. malvernii (Gilmartin) I. Ramírez & K. Romero, a species restricted to Honduras and Nicaragua, the holotypes of which represent a single sex and are not sufficient for unambiguous identification. An artificial key is also included in order to identify live as well as herbarium specimens of all taxa.
Hechtia argentea was described from a cultivated pistillate plant of unknown origin. The type spe... more Hechtia argentea was described from a cultivated pistillate plant of unknown origin. The type specimen consists of a leaf fragment and a portion of a pistillate inflorescence. Hechtia argentea is part of a group of species with rosettes that bloom laterally, showing variation in dimensions and structure of the inflorescences of both sexes through the different years of flowering. Delimitation of species becomes more complicated where staminate and/or pistillate plants of different species are frequently similar, making it essential to have all plant structures available for accurate identifications. We designate an epitype for Hechtia argentea, consisting of a staminate plant, allowing for the unambiguous identification of the species. Species in Hechtia have restricted geographical distributions; thus, we provide precise locality data for H. argentea within Megamexico based on herbarium specimens. The species is endemic to the Sierra Madre Oriental and Mexican Plateau biogeographic...
Individuals of Aechmea bracteata show inflorescences with red scape bracts and odourless, yellow,... more Individuals of Aechmea bracteata show inflorescences with red scape bracts and odourless, yellow, tubular diurnal flowers, with closely arranged sexual organs, producing a large amount of fruits. In order to investigate the reproductive system of this species, a suite of characters was assessed: phenology, floral morphology and biology, nectar production dynamics, and fruit and seed production and germination, as a result of controlled pollination crosses. The study was conducted during two flowering seasons in wild populations in Yucatán, Mexico. Results suggest an annual flowering pattern with one flowering peak; flowers were diurnal, showing partial dichogamy (protandry)‐herkogamy, anthers and stigma become mature before floral aperture, which could lead to self‐pollination, nectar is produced during anthesis, varying in volume and total sugar concentration during the day; fruits and seeds were produced in all experimental crosses (cross‐pollination, obligated cross‐pollination, ...
La guapilla (Hechtia podantha Mez) es una bromelia que comparte caracteres con agaves: forma arro... more La guapilla (Hechtia podantha Mez) es una bromelia que comparte caracteres con agaves: forma arrosetada y hojas suculentas con espinas en sus márgenes. Sin embargo, presenta algunas características que la distinguen de los agaves. Se responden una serie de incógnitas y se aportan datos curiosos sobre la historia de vida de la especie, que te permitirán aprender cosas maravillosas de una planta agresiva que no volverás a ver de la misma manera.
This is the first phylogenetic analysis of the Megamexican Bromeliaceae genus Hechtia and include... more This is the first phylogenetic analysis of the Megamexican Bromeliaceae genus Hechtia and includes 82.6 % of the known taxa. We used plastid (ycf1, rpl32-trnL intergenic spacer), and nuclear (PRK) DNA regions, as well as morphological characters. We generated 244 new sequences for a total of 62 taxa (including 12 species of the outgroup). Results of combined data using parsimony and Bayesian inference reveal the monophyly of Hechtia, as well as identify five well supported clades: (1) a clade (H. tillandsioides complex) as the sister group to the rest of Hechtia; (2) a clade including the species of the H. guatemalensis complex, distributed in Southern Megamexico; the remaining taxa of the genus are retained in a clade which consists of three well-supported clades; (3) the H. glomerata complex distributed in the Gulf of Mexico drainage; (4) a clade of two species (H. deceptrix and H. epigyna) that share an inferior ovary and are distributed north of the Tehuantepec Isthmus in the Si...
Meeting Abstract: 35 Willin Henning Society Meeting : a conflicting taxonomic rank either as a ge... more Meeting Abstract: 35 Willin Henning Society Meeting : a conflicting taxonomic rank either as a genus, or as a subgenus or section within the pantropical genus Boerhavia. A morphological phylogenetic analysis based on parsimony was conducted to test the monophyly of Anulocaulis, to evaluate its phylogenetic position with respect to other potentially related taxa, to postulate phylogenetic hypotheses for its species and to study the evolution of some morphological characters. The anal-ysis included 25 terminals of tribe Nyctaginae. The ingroup included all currently recognized taxa within Anulocaulis. The outgroup consisted of 14 species of the three potentially closely related genera (Boerhavia, Commicarpus and Cyphomeris) plus Okenia hypogaea (subtribe Boerhaviinae) and Nyctaginia capitata and Mirabilis glabrifolia (subtribe Nyctagininae), the last one as the functional outgroup. A total of 41 potentially informative characters were coded, concerning vegeta-tive and floral structure...
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