Aims: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent malignancy in the oral cavity. Ear... more Aims: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent malignancy in the oral cavity. Early diagnosis of OSCC could provide on-time treatments and increase survival rate of patients. Recently, the level of salivary biomarkers has been studied as a mean for the early diagnosis of different cancers. This study assessed salivary zinc finger protein 510 in patients with OSCC and healthy individuals as a new biomarker for the diagnosis of OSCC in early stages. Materials & Methods: In this study, 21 OSCC, and 21 healthy individuals were selected in 2019 and their unstimulated saliva were collected by spitting method. Salivary zinc finger protein 510 were determined using the ELISA technique. All calculations were performed using the SPSS software ver 23. The significance level was set at ≤ 0.05 for all tests. Findings:In this study mean of Salivary zinc finger 510 protein of OSCC patients were significantly higher than healthy subjects (p=0/019). But after considering age as a con...
Background: In oral lichen planus (OLP), which is a persistent inflammatory condition of the auto... more Background: In oral lichen planus (OLP), which is a persistent inflammatory condition of the autoimmune system, cytotoxic T lymphocytes are triggered against epithelial cells. OLP resists treatment more than its cutaneous counterpart and potentially transforms into malignancy as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is produced by various cells, such as leukocytes and epithelial cells, whereby epithelial-mesenchymal-epithelialn (EMT) forms the phenotype of invasive cancerous cells and promotes tumors. Objectives: We investigated the role of TGF-β in the pathogenesis and biological behavior of dysplastic and non-dysplastic OLP. Methods: Thirty samples of erosive/atrophic OLP (15 dysplastic and 15 non-dysplastic) and 10 samples of normal mucosa of the oral cavity were immunohistochemically examined for the expression of TGF-β. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis and chi-squared tests. Results: TGF-β expressed to varying degre...
Statement of the Problem: Demineralization of enamel adjacent to orthodontic appliances frequentl... more Statement of the Problem: Demineralization of enamel adjacent to orthodontic appliances frequently occurs, commonly due to insufficient oral hygiene. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare two microabrasion techniques on improving the white spot lesions as well as subsequent enamel discoloration. Materials and Method: Sixty extracted premolar teeth without caries and hypo-plasia were selected for this study. White spot lesions were artificially induced on the buccal surface of each tooth. Teeth were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, each treated with pumice powder as the control, microabrasion with 18% HCl, and microabrasion with 37 % H3PO4. Subsequently, the three groups were daily immersed for five minutes in a tea-coffee solution for a period of one week. Colorimetric evaluation was done before and after formation of white spot lesions, after microabrasion, and after immersion in the colored solution; then the color differences (∆E) were calculated. Statistical ...
Objective: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a debilitating disorder with few limited treatment mod... more Objective: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a debilitating disorder with few limited treatment modalities. Because of the proven association between BMS symptoms, and depression and anxiety, treatment modalities that alleviate the two latter etiologic factors can be clinically effective. Thus, owing to the antidepressant and potential analgesic effects of crocin (as an active constituent of saffron), the present study was performed to compare the effect of crocin and citalopram (as control) on BMS symptoms and depression/anxiety in patients with BMS. Materials and Methods: The present double-blind randomized clinical trial was carried out on BMS patients. Patients were randomly divided into citalopram (n=21) and crocin (n=26) groups and treated for 11 weeks. BMS symptoms (based on Visual Analysis Scale (VAS)), as well as anxiety and depression (based on Hamilton questionnaire) were evaluated at baseline and during the treatment period. Mann-Whitney, Chi-Square test, Independent t-tes...
Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences, 2020
J Babol Univ Med Sci; 22; 2020; PP: 72-77 Received: Jun 21 2019, Revised: May 26 2019, Accepted: ... more J Babol Univ Med Sci; 22; 2020; PP: 72-77 Received: Jun 21 2019, Revised: May 26 2019, Accepted: Aug 3 2019. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Pain and sensitivity to thermal irritation after amalgam restoration is one of the most common problems, causes frequent recurrence of these patients to dental clinics. Since low-level laser has several benefits in reducing inflammation, pain and sensitivity, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-level Ga-Al-As laser on the treatment of dentinal sensitivity after amalgam restoration. METHODS: In this double-blind clinical trial study, 21 patients with short-term sensitivity to thermal irritation after amalgam restoration (from the time of repair to two months) were evaluated. The case group was treated with Ga-Al-As laser in 4 sessions with intervals of three days. For the control group, the similar condition was applied except that the device was off. The sensitivity was assessed based on VAS criteria prior to treatment, i...
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is a malignant neoplasm, which accounts for 5-10% of all salivary... more Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is a malignant neoplasm, which accounts for 5-10% of all salivary gland tumors (1). About 50% of these tumors originate from intraoral minor salivary glands usually in the hard palate (1). Three clinically obvious characteristics of AdCC include slow growth rate, perineural invasion and high incidence of distant metastasis (1). The most commonly-affected sites of distant metastasis are bone, liver and brain, followed by lungs (2). Lymph node metastases are rare; The most common sites involved by hematogenous spread are lungs (2). This is a report about a patient with a rare form of AdCC on buccal mucosa with an unusual metastasis to the frontal region after a two-year follow up.
Background The cigarette compounds are associated with the increase in the incidence of oral canc... more Background The cigarette compounds are associated with the increase in the incidence of oral cancer and precancerous lesions. Salivary antioxidant system plays an important role in anti-carcinogenic capacity of saliva. Cotinine, a nicotine metabolite, has a longer half-life in comparison with nicotine and is a suitable marker for exposure to cigarette smoke. This study aims to measure total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and cotinine level in saliva of smokers and non-smokers and compare salivary cotinine level and TAC in each group. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 32 smokers and 34 non-smokers were recruited by consecutive sampling from Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Salivary cotinine and TAC concentrations were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. For data analysis, correlation tests of Spearman, Mann-Whitney U, and independent samples t-test were used. Findings A sign...
Background and Aim: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common type of oral cancer, and it ... more Background and Aim: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common type of oral cancer, and it is important for it to be diagnosed in early stages. Researchers are interested in exploring the possibility of using biomarkers in the diagnosis of SCC in early stages. One of the detectable biomarkers in the serum is glutathione. Glutathione includes two forms: reduced form (or GSH) and oxidized form (or GSSG). The GSH/GSSG ratio tends to decrease in severe oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to assess the serum levels of GSH and GSSG as well as GSH/GSSG as total antioxidant capacity in patients with head and neck SCC (HNSCC) and to subsequently compare them with healthy controls. Materials and Methods: Twenty HNSCC patients as well as twenty healthy controls were included in the study. A blood sample of 5 ml was obtained from both the case and control groups. GSH, GSSG, and total antioxidant capacity were measured spectrophotometrically. Results: No significant difference in t...
Introduction: Diagnosis of stressful life events and psychiatric disorders plays an important rol... more Introduction: Diagnosis of stressful life events and psychiatric disorders plays an important role in the management of patients having somatic complaints of psychogenic origin. The aim of this study is to compare stressful events among patients presenting with complaints of psychogenic or organic origin referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Pain Clinic of Mashhad Faculty of Dentistry. Materials and Methods: 132 patients with complaints of psychogenic or organic origin were enrolled in our study. Both control and case groups completed the Scl-90 questionnaire, and the case-group patients were further evaluated by interview with a psychiatrist using DSM-IV-TR criteria. Results: In the case group, changes in work responsibilities and in family member’s health were the most common events in females and males, respectively. In the control group, the most common event among females was change in financial status, while for males this was change in work responsibilities. The mean severit...
Statement of the Problem Demineralization of enamel adjacent to orthodontic appliances frequently... more Statement of the Problem Demineralization of enamel adjacent to orthodontic appliances frequently occurs, commonly due to insufficient oral hygiene. Purpose The aim of this study was to compare two microabrasion techniques on improving the white spot lesions as well as subsequent enamel discoloration. Materials and Method Sixty extracted premolar teeth without caries and hypoplasia were selected for this study. White spot lesions were artificially induced on the buccal surface of each tooth. Teeth were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, each treated with pumice powder as the control, microabrasion with 18% HCl, and microabrasion with 37% H3PO4. Subsequently, the three groups were daily immersed for five minutes in a tea-coffee solution for a period of one week. Colorimetric evaluation was done before and after formation of white spot lesions, after microabrasion, and after immersion in the colored solution; then the color differences (∆E) were calculated. Statistical analy...
Introduction: Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease in oral mucosa and skin. Recently, ... more Introduction: Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease in oral mucosa and skin. Recently, reports have demonstrated a possible relationship between lichen planus and liver diseases. During the past decade, there has been a hypothesis regarding viral etiological agents that have been found to be in association with hepatotrophic viruses known as Hepatitis B and C with LP. This research was studied in Mashhad, northeast of Iran, to find a relationship between OLP and HBV infection. Methods: Age and gender of 134 patients (with OLP) and 134 controls (without OLP) were not matched and their serum samples were respectively screened for HBsAg by ELISA (third generation) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HBV-DNA. Results: Tests were positive (for both HBsAg and HBV-DNA) for 9 patients (6.71%) with OLP and 2 healthy individuals (1.49%) infected with HBV (P=0.03). Conclusion: There was a relationship between HBV and OLP in our population. Based on our findings, it is recommended...
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a heterogeneous malignancy originating from proliferation of lymphoid c... more Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a heterogeneous malignancy originating from proliferation of lymphoid cells or their precursors. , we report a case of a 6-year-old Iranian male child admitted at the Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Mashhad, Iran, in March 2019. The case was complaining about gingival swellings worsening for one month. Clinical and pathologic examination, complemented by biopsy and immunohistochemistry, confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Treatment was based on chemotherapy. Intraoral involvement of lymphomas might be confused with inflammatory diseases; therefore the dentist has a crucial role in early diagnosis for appropriate management of the disease.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity. Despite sev... more Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity. Despite several diagnostic and therapeutic advances over the last decades, the rate of mortality and 5-year survival of patients with OSCC has not been improved markedly. The unpredictable behavior of squamous cell carcinoma in digestive and respiratory system has led to search the reliable parameters as prognostic predictors. Histomorphological parameters including the depth of invasion (DOI) may be used as a prognosticate factor in patients with OSCC. It is determined microscopically by detecting the deepest invasive cells in the underlying tissues. Given that planned treatment after histological examination may be changed, measuring the DOI should be considered as a part of routine histological evaluation. In this study, we attempted to review the importance of DOI in the prognosis of cancers as well as its determination in the patients with OSCC lesions.
Background Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucous membranes caused ... more Background Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucous membranes caused by autoantibodies against desmoglein 1 (Dsg1) and desmoglein 3 (Dsg3). Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is the most common form of pemphigus. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between the levels of anti-desmoglein 1 and 3 autoantibodies and the severity of PV disease. Material and Methods Nineteen newly diagnosed patients with pemphigus vulgaris were enrolled in this study. The titers of Dsg in subjects by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were done at diagnosis time-point, 4th and 8th weeks after the initiation of treatment, and the correlation of antibodies with the oral and skin disease severity was evaluated. Results The severity of cutaneous lesions was significantly correlated with anti-Dsg1 titer in all visits and the severity of mucosal lesions was correlated with the titer of Dsg3 in the third visit (<0.001, 0.001, 0.016 and 0.015 P value, respectively). Conclusions Anti-Dsg-1 autoantibodies titers seem to be more useful in showing the extent of the disease and activity in pemphigus with mucocutaneous lesions. Key words:Pemphigus vulgaris, Desmoglein (Dsg), Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common chronic inflammatory autoimmune disea... more Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. OLP is more resistant than skin form and malignant transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been reported in this lesion. Since SCC often originates from dysplastic lesions, evaluation of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers in dysplastic and premalignant lesions such as OLP seems to be necessary. Furthermore, chronic inflammation may induce some epithelial malignancies. CD44 as a CSC marker is expressed on epithelial cells and contributes to cell migration and tumor progression. Also, this cell adhesion molecule is expressed on leukocytes involved in various inflammatory diseases. Methods: Thirty samples of erosive/atrophic OLP (15 samples of dysplastic OLP and 15 samples of non-dysplastic OLP), and 10 normal mucosa specimens of the oral cavity were examined using immunohistochemistry. Results: The greatest total score for epithelial immunoreactivity was found in dysplastic OLP, followed by non-dysplastic OLP and normal mucosa with significant differences (P < 0.001). For sub-epithelial lymphocytes immunoreactivity, the greatest total score was reported in dysplastic OLP, followed by non-dysplastic OLP. Conclusions: Significant higher expression of CD44 as a CSC marker in the epithelium of dysplastic OLP may show the role of this marker in malignant transformation and carcinogenesis process of this premalignant lesion. Higher immunoreactivity in sub-epithelial lymphocytes of dysplastic type indicates a probable role of chronic inflammation in the malignant potential of OLP.
Context: Epithelial carcinogenesis is a multistep process. Transmission from normal oral epitheli... more Context: Epithelial carcinogenesis is a multistep process. Transmission from normal oral epithelium to oral dysplasia and cancer is believed to result from several genetic alterations. Despite recent advances in the treatment approaches over the last decades, the mortality and morbidity rate of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been markedly improved. A small subset of cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs) with self-renewal properties, is a major focus of the current research. Here, we present a review of CSCs and their role in oral premalignant and malignant lesions, offering an insight into the stem cell markers, their putative role, and the means of targeting them in treatments. Evidence Acquisition: Using the main keywords of “cancer stem cell”, “oral squamous cell carcinoma”, and “cancer stem cell marker”, a comprehensive search was done among several research databases. Results: Accumulating evidence supports the existence of CSCs as small subpopulations in OSCC, which are associated with tumor progression and therapy resistance. A number of cell surface markers have been used to identify these cells by various studies. Therefore, identifying a reliable CSC marker that is associated with OSCC seems to be necessary. Conclusions: The identification of the mechanisms underlying oral cancer initiation and progression is of the utmost importance. CSC markers that could act as a therapeutic target could play an important role in the effective treatment strategies of OSCC.
Oral mucositis (OM) is a complication of head and neck cancer (HNC) therapy with negative impact ... more Oral mucositis (OM) is a complication of head and neck cancer (HNC) therapy with negative impact on the quality of life. Although definitive treatment has not yet been established, there is interest towards the use of natural compounds owing to their few side effects. Curcumin has a variety of biological and pharmacological properties including anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. AIM The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of curcumin in the form of nanomicelle on OM in HNC patients receiving radiotherapy. METHODS In this clinical trial, 32 HNC patients were allocated to case and control groups, and respectively received nanocurcumin or placebo during radiotherapy. RESULTS We found a statistically significant difference in the severity of mucositis between the 2 groups at all visits. In contrast to the control-group patients, who all developed OM in the 2nd week of radiotherapy, only 32% of the case group developed OM with no obvious oral or systemic side effects. CONCLUSION Our data show that nanomicelle curcumin is an effective agent in the prevention of OM or reducing its severity. Thus, the administration of nanocurcumin can be considered as a reasonable approach to hinder the development of OM in HNC patients requiring radiotherapy.
Aims: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent malignancy in the oral cavity. Ear... more Aims: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent malignancy in the oral cavity. Early diagnosis of OSCC could provide on-time treatments and increase survival rate of patients. Recently, the level of salivary biomarkers has been studied as a mean for the early diagnosis of different cancers. This study assessed salivary zinc finger protein 510 in patients with OSCC and healthy individuals as a new biomarker for the diagnosis of OSCC in early stages. Materials & Methods: In this study, 21 OSCC, and 21 healthy individuals were selected in 2019 and their unstimulated saliva were collected by spitting method. Salivary zinc finger protein 510 were determined using the ELISA technique. All calculations were performed using the SPSS software ver 23. The significance level was set at ≤ 0.05 for all tests. Findings:In this study mean of Salivary zinc finger 510 protein of OSCC patients were significantly higher than healthy subjects (p=0/019). But after considering age as a con...
Background: In oral lichen planus (OLP), which is a persistent inflammatory condition of the auto... more Background: In oral lichen planus (OLP), which is a persistent inflammatory condition of the autoimmune system, cytotoxic T lymphocytes are triggered against epithelial cells. OLP resists treatment more than its cutaneous counterpart and potentially transforms into malignancy as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is produced by various cells, such as leukocytes and epithelial cells, whereby epithelial-mesenchymal-epithelialn (EMT) forms the phenotype of invasive cancerous cells and promotes tumors. Objectives: We investigated the role of TGF-β in the pathogenesis and biological behavior of dysplastic and non-dysplastic OLP. Methods: Thirty samples of erosive/atrophic OLP (15 dysplastic and 15 non-dysplastic) and 10 samples of normal mucosa of the oral cavity were immunohistochemically examined for the expression of TGF-β. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis and chi-squared tests. Results: TGF-β expressed to varying degre...
Statement of the Problem: Demineralization of enamel adjacent to orthodontic appliances frequentl... more Statement of the Problem: Demineralization of enamel adjacent to orthodontic appliances frequently occurs, commonly due to insufficient oral hygiene. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare two microabrasion techniques on improving the white spot lesions as well as subsequent enamel discoloration. Materials and Method: Sixty extracted premolar teeth without caries and hypo-plasia were selected for this study. White spot lesions were artificially induced on the buccal surface of each tooth. Teeth were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, each treated with pumice powder as the control, microabrasion with 18% HCl, and microabrasion with 37 % H3PO4. Subsequently, the three groups were daily immersed for five minutes in a tea-coffee solution for a period of one week. Colorimetric evaluation was done before and after formation of white spot lesions, after microabrasion, and after immersion in the colored solution; then the color differences (∆E) were calculated. Statistical ...
Objective: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a debilitating disorder with few limited treatment mod... more Objective: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a debilitating disorder with few limited treatment modalities. Because of the proven association between BMS symptoms, and depression and anxiety, treatment modalities that alleviate the two latter etiologic factors can be clinically effective. Thus, owing to the antidepressant and potential analgesic effects of crocin (as an active constituent of saffron), the present study was performed to compare the effect of crocin and citalopram (as control) on BMS symptoms and depression/anxiety in patients with BMS. Materials and Methods: The present double-blind randomized clinical trial was carried out on BMS patients. Patients were randomly divided into citalopram (n=21) and crocin (n=26) groups and treated for 11 weeks. BMS symptoms (based on Visual Analysis Scale (VAS)), as well as anxiety and depression (based on Hamilton questionnaire) were evaluated at baseline and during the treatment period. Mann-Whitney, Chi-Square test, Independent t-tes...
Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences, 2020
J Babol Univ Med Sci; 22; 2020; PP: 72-77 Received: Jun 21 2019, Revised: May 26 2019, Accepted: ... more J Babol Univ Med Sci; 22; 2020; PP: 72-77 Received: Jun 21 2019, Revised: May 26 2019, Accepted: Aug 3 2019. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Pain and sensitivity to thermal irritation after amalgam restoration is one of the most common problems, causes frequent recurrence of these patients to dental clinics. Since low-level laser has several benefits in reducing inflammation, pain and sensitivity, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-level Ga-Al-As laser on the treatment of dentinal sensitivity after amalgam restoration. METHODS: In this double-blind clinical trial study, 21 patients with short-term sensitivity to thermal irritation after amalgam restoration (from the time of repair to two months) were evaluated. The case group was treated with Ga-Al-As laser in 4 sessions with intervals of three days. For the control group, the similar condition was applied except that the device was off. The sensitivity was assessed based on VAS criteria prior to treatment, i...
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is a malignant neoplasm, which accounts for 5-10% of all salivary... more Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is a malignant neoplasm, which accounts for 5-10% of all salivary gland tumors (1). About 50% of these tumors originate from intraoral minor salivary glands usually in the hard palate (1). Three clinically obvious characteristics of AdCC include slow growth rate, perineural invasion and high incidence of distant metastasis (1). The most commonly-affected sites of distant metastasis are bone, liver and brain, followed by lungs (2). Lymph node metastases are rare; The most common sites involved by hematogenous spread are lungs (2). This is a report about a patient with a rare form of AdCC on buccal mucosa with an unusual metastasis to the frontal region after a two-year follow up.
Background The cigarette compounds are associated with the increase in the incidence of oral canc... more Background The cigarette compounds are associated with the increase in the incidence of oral cancer and precancerous lesions. Salivary antioxidant system plays an important role in anti-carcinogenic capacity of saliva. Cotinine, a nicotine metabolite, has a longer half-life in comparison with nicotine and is a suitable marker for exposure to cigarette smoke. This study aims to measure total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and cotinine level in saliva of smokers and non-smokers and compare salivary cotinine level and TAC in each group. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 32 smokers and 34 non-smokers were recruited by consecutive sampling from Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Salivary cotinine and TAC concentrations were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. For data analysis, correlation tests of Spearman, Mann-Whitney U, and independent samples t-test were used. Findings A sign...
Background and Aim: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common type of oral cancer, and it ... more Background and Aim: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common type of oral cancer, and it is important for it to be diagnosed in early stages. Researchers are interested in exploring the possibility of using biomarkers in the diagnosis of SCC in early stages. One of the detectable biomarkers in the serum is glutathione. Glutathione includes two forms: reduced form (or GSH) and oxidized form (or GSSG). The GSH/GSSG ratio tends to decrease in severe oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to assess the serum levels of GSH and GSSG as well as GSH/GSSG as total antioxidant capacity in patients with head and neck SCC (HNSCC) and to subsequently compare them with healthy controls. Materials and Methods: Twenty HNSCC patients as well as twenty healthy controls were included in the study. A blood sample of 5 ml was obtained from both the case and control groups. GSH, GSSG, and total antioxidant capacity were measured spectrophotometrically. Results: No significant difference in t...
Introduction: Diagnosis of stressful life events and psychiatric disorders plays an important rol... more Introduction: Diagnosis of stressful life events and psychiatric disorders plays an important role in the management of patients having somatic complaints of psychogenic origin. The aim of this study is to compare stressful events among patients presenting with complaints of psychogenic or organic origin referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Pain Clinic of Mashhad Faculty of Dentistry. Materials and Methods: 132 patients with complaints of psychogenic or organic origin were enrolled in our study. Both control and case groups completed the Scl-90 questionnaire, and the case-group patients were further evaluated by interview with a psychiatrist using DSM-IV-TR criteria. Results: In the case group, changes in work responsibilities and in family member’s health were the most common events in females and males, respectively. In the control group, the most common event among females was change in financial status, while for males this was change in work responsibilities. The mean severit...
Statement of the Problem Demineralization of enamel adjacent to orthodontic appliances frequently... more Statement of the Problem Demineralization of enamel adjacent to orthodontic appliances frequently occurs, commonly due to insufficient oral hygiene. Purpose The aim of this study was to compare two microabrasion techniques on improving the white spot lesions as well as subsequent enamel discoloration. Materials and Method Sixty extracted premolar teeth without caries and hypoplasia were selected for this study. White spot lesions were artificially induced on the buccal surface of each tooth. Teeth were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, each treated with pumice powder as the control, microabrasion with 18% HCl, and microabrasion with 37% H3PO4. Subsequently, the three groups were daily immersed for five minutes in a tea-coffee solution for a period of one week. Colorimetric evaluation was done before and after formation of white spot lesions, after microabrasion, and after immersion in the colored solution; then the color differences (∆E) were calculated. Statistical analy...
Introduction: Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease in oral mucosa and skin. Recently, ... more Introduction: Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease in oral mucosa and skin. Recently, reports have demonstrated a possible relationship between lichen planus and liver diseases. During the past decade, there has been a hypothesis regarding viral etiological agents that have been found to be in association with hepatotrophic viruses known as Hepatitis B and C with LP. This research was studied in Mashhad, northeast of Iran, to find a relationship between OLP and HBV infection. Methods: Age and gender of 134 patients (with OLP) and 134 controls (without OLP) were not matched and their serum samples were respectively screened for HBsAg by ELISA (third generation) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HBV-DNA. Results: Tests were positive (for both HBsAg and HBV-DNA) for 9 patients (6.71%) with OLP and 2 healthy individuals (1.49%) infected with HBV (P=0.03). Conclusion: There was a relationship between HBV and OLP in our population. Based on our findings, it is recommended...
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a heterogeneous malignancy originating from proliferation of lymphoid c... more Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a heterogeneous malignancy originating from proliferation of lymphoid cells or their precursors. , we report a case of a 6-year-old Iranian male child admitted at the Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Mashhad, Iran, in March 2019. The case was complaining about gingival swellings worsening for one month. Clinical and pathologic examination, complemented by biopsy and immunohistochemistry, confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Treatment was based on chemotherapy. Intraoral involvement of lymphomas might be confused with inflammatory diseases; therefore the dentist has a crucial role in early diagnosis for appropriate management of the disease.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity. Despite sev... more Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity. Despite several diagnostic and therapeutic advances over the last decades, the rate of mortality and 5-year survival of patients with OSCC has not been improved markedly. The unpredictable behavior of squamous cell carcinoma in digestive and respiratory system has led to search the reliable parameters as prognostic predictors. Histomorphological parameters including the depth of invasion (DOI) may be used as a prognosticate factor in patients with OSCC. It is determined microscopically by detecting the deepest invasive cells in the underlying tissues. Given that planned treatment after histological examination may be changed, measuring the DOI should be considered as a part of routine histological evaluation. In this study, we attempted to review the importance of DOI in the prognosis of cancers as well as its determination in the patients with OSCC lesions.
Background Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucous membranes caused ... more Background Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucous membranes caused by autoantibodies against desmoglein 1 (Dsg1) and desmoglein 3 (Dsg3). Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is the most common form of pemphigus. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between the levels of anti-desmoglein 1 and 3 autoantibodies and the severity of PV disease. Material and Methods Nineteen newly diagnosed patients with pemphigus vulgaris were enrolled in this study. The titers of Dsg in subjects by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were done at diagnosis time-point, 4th and 8th weeks after the initiation of treatment, and the correlation of antibodies with the oral and skin disease severity was evaluated. Results The severity of cutaneous lesions was significantly correlated with anti-Dsg1 titer in all visits and the severity of mucosal lesions was correlated with the titer of Dsg3 in the third visit (<0.001, 0.001, 0.016 and 0.015 P value, respectively). Conclusions Anti-Dsg-1 autoantibodies titers seem to be more useful in showing the extent of the disease and activity in pemphigus with mucocutaneous lesions. Key words:Pemphigus vulgaris, Desmoglein (Dsg), Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common chronic inflammatory autoimmune disea... more Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. OLP is more resistant than skin form and malignant transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been reported in this lesion. Since SCC often originates from dysplastic lesions, evaluation of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers in dysplastic and premalignant lesions such as OLP seems to be necessary. Furthermore, chronic inflammation may induce some epithelial malignancies. CD44 as a CSC marker is expressed on epithelial cells and contributes to cell migration and tumor progression. Also, this cell adhesion molecule is expressed on leukocytes involved in various inflammatory diseases. Methods: Thirty samples of erosive/atrophic OLP (15 samples of dysplastic OLP and 15 samples of non-dysplastic OLP), and 10 normal mucosa specimens of the oral cavity were examined using immunohistochemistry. Results: The greatest total score for epithelial immunoreactivity was found in dysplastic OLP, followed by non-dysplastic OLP and normal mucosa with significant differences (P < 0.001). For sub-epithelial lymphocytes immunoreactivity, the greatest total score was reported in dysplastic OLP, followed by non-dysplastic OLP. Conclusions: Significant higher expression of CD44 as a CSC marker in the epithelium of dysplastic OLP may show the role of this marker in malignant transformation and carcinogenesis process of this premalignant lesion. Higher immunoreactivity in sub-epithelial lymphocytes of dysplastic type indicates a probable role of chronic inflammation in the malignant potential of OLP.
Context: Epithelial carcinogenesis is a multistep process. Transmission from normal oral epitheli... more Context: Epithelial carcinogenesis is a multistep process. Transmission from normal oral epithelium to oral dysplasia and cancer is believed to result from several genetic alterations. Despite recent advances in the treatment approaches over the last decades, the mortality and morbidity rate of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been markedly improved. A small subset of cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs) with self-renewal properties, is a major focus of the current research. Here, we present a review of CSCs and their role in oral premalignant and malignant lesions, offering an insight into the stem cell markers, their putative role, and the means of targeting them in treatments. Evidence Acquisition: Using the main keywords of “cancer stem cell”, “oral squamous cell carcinoma”, and “cancer stem cell marker”, a comprehensive search was done among several research databases. Results: Accumulating evidence supports the existence of CSCs as small subpopulations in OSCC, which are associated with tumor progression and therapy resistance. A number of cell surface markers have been used to identify these cells by various studies. Therefore, identifying a reliable CSC marker that is associated with OSCC seems to be necessary. Conclusions: The identification of the mechanisms underlying oral cancer initiation and progression is of the utmost importance. CSC markers that could act as a therapeutic target could play an important role in the effective treatment strategies of OSCC.
Oral mucositis (OM) is a complication of head and neck cancer (HNC) therapy with negative impact ... more Oral mucositis (OM) is a complication of head and neck cancer (HNC) therapy with negative impact on the quality of life. Although definitive treatment has not yet been established, there is interest towards the use of natural compounds owing to their few side effects. Curcumin has a variety of biological and pharmacological properties including anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. AIM The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of curcumin in the form of nanomicelle on OM in HNC patients receiving radiotherapy. METHODS In this clinical trial, 32 HNC patients were allocated to case and control groups, and respectively received nanocurcumin or placebo during radiotherapy. RESULTS We found a statistically significant difference in the severity of mucositis between the 2 groups at all visits. In contrast to the control-group patients, who all developed OM in the 2nd week of radiotherapy, only 32% of the case group developed OM with no obvious oral or systemic side effects. CONCLUSION Our data show that nanomicelle curcumin is an effective agent in the prevention of OM or reducing its severity. Thus, the administration of nanocurcumin can be considered as a reasonable approach to hinder the development of OM in HNC patients requiring radiotherapy.
Uploads
Papers by ala ghazi