SummaryBackgroundMelasma is an acquired disorder of symmetrical hyperpigmentation. Several treatm... more SummaryBackgroundMelasma is an acquired disorder of symmetrical hyperpigmentation. Several treatment methods are available for patients with melasma, including topical compounds, broad‐spectrum photoprotection, camouflage, chemical peels, and laser and light therapies which represent potentially promising options for patients who are refractory to other modalities.ObjectiveTo evaluate and compare the clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical changes in melasma after fractional Er:YAG laser versus fractional Er:YAG laser and topical steroids.MethodsTwenty‐two patients were treated with fractional Er:YAG laser on both sides of the face with the use of topical steroid only on the left side to make left‐to‐right‐side comparison. Clinical evaluation, histopathological, and immunohistochemical assessment for skin specimens were performed before treatment and 3 months after the end of sessions.ResultsTreatment by fractional Er:YAG laser on the right side showed significant decre...
Heterocyclic Synthesis, Pyrrolones The behaviour of 4-benzylidene-2-oxazolin-5-one (2) and of 4-p... more Heterocyclic Synthesis, Pyrrolones The behaviour of 4-benzylidene-2-oxazolin-5-one (2) and of 4-phenylazo-2-oxazolin-5-one (3) toward a variety of active methylene reagents is reported. Cleavage of the oxazolin-5-one ring was observed in most cases. A variety of new, otherwise, difficult accessible, azolyl derivatives could be prepared.
SummaryBackgroundMelasma is an acquired disorder of symmetrical hyperpigmentation. Several treatm... more SummaryBackgroundMelasma is an acquired disorder of symmetrical hyperpigmentation. Several treatment methods are available for patients with melasma, including topical compounds, broad‐spectrum photoprotection, camouflage, chemical peels, and laser and light therapies which represent potentially promising options for patients who are refractory to other modalities.ObjectiveTo evaluate and compare the clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical changes in melasma after fractional Er:YAG laser versus fractional Er:YAG laser and topical steroids.MethodsTwenty‐two patients were treated with fractional Er:YAG laser on both sides of the face with the use of topical steroid only on the left side to make left‐to‐right‐side comparison. Clinical evaluation, histopathological, and immunohistochemical assessment for skin specimens were performed before treatment and 3 months after the end of sessions.ResultsTreatment by fractional Er:YAG laser on the right side showed significant decre...
Heterocyclic Synthesis, Pyrrolones The behaviour of 4-benzylidene-2-oxazolin-5-one (2) and of 4-p... more Heterocyclic Synthesis, Pyrrolones The behaviour of 4-benzylidene-2-oxazolin-5-one (2) and of 4-phenylazo-2-oxazolin-5-one (3) toward a variety of active methylene reagents is reported. Cleavage of the oxazolin-5-one ring was observed in most cases. A variety of new, otherwise, difficult accessible, azolyl derivatives could be prepared.
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