Epiglottitis is a rapidly progressive epiglottis infection leading to upper airway edema. This st... more Epiglottitis is a rapidly progressive epiglottis infection leading to upper airway edema. This study aimed to detect the main causative agent, viral infection, by immunofluorescence antibody technique and PCR technique and bacterial infection detection by specific gene among young children suffering from epiglottitis. This study included 85 young children aged 10-15 years. The virus was identified on 85 blood samples using the CER test Human simplex virus Card test; the results revealed that 12 (14.1%) specimens were related to virus infection, and the sera of patients showed anti-IgM to HSV-1 antibodies. HSV-1 was detected in blood samples by qPCR technique. Eighty-five saliva samples were collected from young children suffering from epiglottitis. The samples were cultured for 18-24 hours at 37°C. They were then cultivated for 18-24 hours on various selective media at 37°C. The colony morphology, microscopically, and biochemical testing were used to identify Haemophilus influenzae as a first Identification. Out of 85 clinical specimens, 63 (74.1%) were positive culture, while 22 (25.9%) had no growth on culture media; out of 63 specimens, only 22 (34.9%) isolates belonged to Haemophilus influenzae by biochemical tests, while 41 (65.1%) related to other types of microorganisms. VITEK 2 was used to validate bacteria isolates from young children suffering from epiglottitis. The findings indicate that 22 (34.9%) isolates related to Haemophilus influenzae have been confirmed with an excellent ID message confidence level (94 to 99.8% likelihood percentage). This method is characterized by quick bacterial detection. DNA was taken from all suspected isolates previously identified as Haemophilus influenzae using the vitek2 technology, and traditional PCR was used to amplify specific hel gene for Haemophilus influenzae primers utilizing these DNA samples. After that, when compared to an allelic ladder, gel electrophoresis revealed that all 22 (100%) samples of Haemophilus influenzae produced 101 bp DNA fragments. For isolates previously identified as Haemophilus influenzae, molecular identification of the ompP gene was performed. The results showed that 12 (or 54.5 percent) of the 22 isolates tested positive for this virulence gene. When compared to an allelic ladder, the presence of (459 bp) bands indicated positive results. In addition, the bexA gene was molecularly detected in 22 Haemophilus influenzae isolates, showing that only 8 (36.3 percent) of the isolates had this gene. When compared to an allelic ladder, the presence of a (343 bp) band indicated positive results for bexA gene pathogenicity; in conclusion, HSV (1) and Hib were considered almost causative agents of epiglottitis in young children.
The current study was aimed to detect qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD and qnrS genes in quinolone-resistan... more The current study was aimed to detect qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD and qnrS genes in quinolone-resistance extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates that recovered from patients with urinary tract infection in Babylon Province, Iraq. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) was regarded as the most important causative agent of urinary tract infections. Fluoroquinolones are regularly used in the management of these infections; on the other hand, in recent years, an increasing rate of quinolone resistance has been stated globally. Clinical isolates of UPEC were collected from patients with infection of urinary tract and identified by standard laboratory protocols. PCR was used for detection of quinolone resistance genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD and qnrS) in ESBL-producing isolates, and sequencing of some qnr genes confirmed the results. Out of 208 urine specimens, 42 UPEC isolates of ESBL producing were detected; of them, 27 (64.28%) isolates were found to be resistant to quinolones. PCR results revealed that out of 27 UPEC, five (18.51%) isolates were found to carry both genes qnrS and qnrB, whereas four (14.81%) isolates were harbored qnrD and qnrA, and no isolate was found to have qnrC. Sequencing of qnrB and qnrS genes revealed that mutational changes were observed in qnrB gene; however, no mutational variation was observed in qnrS gene. The results of the current study revealed the dissemination of ESBL genes in all UPEC isolates that carry the plasmid-mediated qnr genes with low frequency among the clinical isolates and UPEC isolates; these results confirmed that the quinolone resistance in Babylon Province, Iraq might be because of chromosomal genes for this resistance.
Backgrounds: Interleukin 4 (IL 4) is a cytokine associated with the cause of several allergic dis... more Backgrounds: Interleukin 4 (IL 4) is a cytokine associated with the cause of several allergic diseases such as asthma due to their function in the differentiation of T helper type 2 lymphocytes and induction of the IgE isotype switch. Object: The study aims to determine the association IL-4 level with total serum IgE levels and asthma severity. Methods: A cross-section study was performed. Eighty-seven subjects were recruited from Karbala Teaching Hospital for Children in the period extending from January 25 to May 24, 2022, including children with asthma, were subjected to measure IL 4 level using Elabscience ELISA kit and measured total IgE level using AccuBind IgE ELISA kit. Results: Eighty-seven subjects of asthmatic children in which the mean age was 7.833 ± 3.652. There are 65.52% and 34.48% of asthmatic children (male and female, respectively). Total serum IgE was 398.889 ± 227.156 IU/ml, while the IL-4 level was 5.18 ± 8.224. There was a significant difference in IL 4 levels...
Antibiotic resistance is a problem of deep scientific concern both in hospital and community sett... more Antibiotic resistance is a problem of deep scientific concern both in hospital and community settings. Rapid detection in clinical laboratories is essential for the judicious recognition of antimicrobial resistant organisms. So, the growth of Uropathgenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolates with Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and Extensively Drug-resistant (XDR) profiles that thwart therapy for (UTIs) has been detected and has straight squeezed costs and extended hospital stays. This study aims to detect MDR- and XDR-UPEC isolates. Out of 42 UPEC clinical isolates were composed from UTI patients. The bacterial strains were recognized by standard laboratory protocols. Susceptibility to antibiotic was measured by the standard disk diffusion method Out of 42 Uropathogenic E. coli, 37 (88.09%) were found to be MDR while 5 isolates (11.90%) were XDR. The present study concluded high prevalence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) with Multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolated from urinary tract inf...
Background: It is well known that oral carriage of Candida species increase in many situations, l... more Background: It is well known that oral carriage of Candida species increase in many situations, like obesity, debility, leukemia, viral infection, use of certain drugs in addition to diabetes mellitus. Objective: find the relation between diabetes and its control on oral carriage of Candida. Methods: Thirty four hundred oral swabs from diabetic patients 67% are females and 33% are males, 41.7% are type 1 diabetes and 58.3% are type 2.different culture media are used. Results: we found that 37.9% of diabetics had oral carriage, older age group had more but the
Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the ESKAPE pathogens which are the leading cause of nosocomial ... more Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the ESKAPE pathogens which are the leading cause of nosocomial infections throughout the world. The aim of this study is to detect the role of Some Proteins in Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem. The research included the collection of 100 different clinical specimens of( urine, burns, and wounds) isolated from patients in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital for the period from September to December 2021. 20 isolates out of 100 isolates belonging to A.baumannii were obtained. The samples were collected from different clinical specimens distributed as follows:7(35%) Swabs of burns,8(40%) swabs of wounds, and 5(25%)from urine, an examination was conducted for (8)Antibiotics by ( Antibiotic Susceptibility Test-AST ) on 20 isolates. The results showed that all isolates are resistant to antibiotics except for imipenem showed a sensitivity of 20% and resistance of 80% to imipenem. The results of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration level of im...
Epiglottitis is a rapidly progressive epiglottis infection leading to upper airway edema. This st... more Epiglottitis is a rapidly progressive epiglottis infection leading to upper airway edema. This study aimed to detect the main causative agent, viral infection, by immunofluorescence antibody technique and PCR technique and bacterial infection detection by specific gene among young children suffering from epiglottitis. This study included 85 young children aged 10-15 years. The virus was identified on 85 blood samples using the CER test Human simplex virus Card test; the results revealed that 12 (14.1%) specimens were related to virus infection, and the sera of patients showed anti-IgM to HSV-1 antibodies. HSV-1 was detected in blood samples by qPCR technique. Eighty-five saliva samples were collected from young children suffering from epiglottitis. The samples were cultured for 18-24 hours at 37°C. They were then cultivated for 18-24 hours on various selective media at 37°C. The colony morphology, microscopically, and biochemical testing were used to identify Haemophilus influenzae as a first Identification. Out of 85 clinical specimens, 63 (74.1%) were positive culture, while 22 (25.9%) had no growth on culture media; out of 63 specimens, only 22 (34.9%) isolates belonged to Haemophilus influenzae by biochemical tests, while 41 (65.1%) related to other types of microorganisms. VITEK 2 was used to validate bacteria isolates from young children suffering from epiglottitis. The findings indicate that 22 (34.9%) isolates related to Haemophilus influenzae have been confirmed with an excellent ID message confidence level (94 to 99.8% likelihood percentage). This method is characterized by quick bacterial detection. DNA was taken from all suspected isolates previously identified as Haemophilus influenzae using the vitek2 technology, and traditional PCR was used to amplify specific hel gene for Haemophilus influenzae primers utilizing these DNA samples. After that, when compared to an allelic ladder, gel electrophoresis revealed that all 22 (100%) samples of Haemophilus influenzae produced 101 bp DNA fragments. For isolates previously identified as Haemophilus influenzae, molecular identification of the ompP gene was performed. The results showed that 12 (or 54.5 percent) of the 22 isolates tested positive for this virulence gene. When compared to an allelic ladder, the presence of (459 bp) bands indicated positive results. In addition, the bexA gene was molecularly detected in 22 Haemophilus influenzae isolates, showing that only 8 (36.3 percent) of the isolates had this gene. When compared to an allelic ladder, the presence of a (343 bp) band indicated positive results for bexA gene pathogenicity; in conclusion, HSV (1) and Hib were considered almost causative agents of epiglottitis in young children.
The current study was aimed to detect qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD and qnrS genes in quinolone-resistan... more The current study was aimed to detect qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD and qnrS genes in quinolone-resistance extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates that recovered from patients with urinary tract infection in Babylon Province, Iraq. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) was regarded as the most important causative agent of urinary tract infections. Fluoroquinolones are regularly used in the management of these infections; on the other hand, in recent years, an increasing rate of quinolone resistance has been stated globally. Clinical isolates of UPEC were collected from patients with infection of urinary tract and identified by standard laboratory protocols. PCR was used for detection of quinolone resistance genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD and qnrS) in ESBL-producing isolates, and sequencing of some qnr genes confirmed the results. Out of 208 urine specimens, 42 UPEC isolates of ESBL producing were detected; of them, 27 (64.28%) isolates were found to be resistant to quinolones. PCR results revealed that out of 27 UPEC, five (18.51%) isolates were found to carry both genes qnrS and qnrB, whereas four (14.81%) isolates were harbored qnrD and qnrA, and no isolate was found to have qnrC. Sequencing of qnrB and qnrS genes revealed that mutational changes were observed in qnrB gene; however, no mutational variation was observed in qnrS gene. The results of the current study revealed the dissemination of ESBL genes in all UPEC isolates that carry the plasmid-mediated qnr genes with low frequency among the clinical isolates and UPEC isolates; these results confirmed that the quinolone resistance in Babylon Province, Iraq might be because of chromosomal genes for this resistance.
Backgrounds: Interleukin 4 (IL 4) is a cytokine associated with the cause of several allergic dis... more Backgrounds: Interleukin 4 (IL 4) is a cytokine associated with the cause of several allergic diseases such as asthma due to their function in the differentiation of T helper type 2 lymphocytes and induction of the IgE isotype switch. Object: The study aims to determine the association IL-4 level with total serum IgE levels and asthma severity. Methods: A cross-section study was performed. Eighty-seven subjects were recruited from Karbala Teaching Hospital for Children in the period extending from January 25 to May 24, 2022, including children with asthma, were subjected to measure IL 4 level using Elabscience ELISA kit and measured total IgE level using AccuBind IgE ELISA kit. Results: Eighty-seven subjects of asthmatic children in which the mean age was 7.833 ± 3.652. There are 65.52% and 34.48% of asthmatic children (male and female, respectively). Total serum IgE was 398.889 ± 227.156 IU/ml, while the IL-4 level was 5.18 ± 8.224. There was a significant difference in IL 4 levels...
Antibiotic resistance is a problem of deep scientific concern both in hospital and community sett... more Antibiotic resistance is a problem of deep scientific concern both in hospital and community settings. Rapid detection in clinical laboratories is essential for the judicious recognition of antimicrobial resistant organisms. So, the growth of Uropathgenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolates with Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and Extensively Drug-resistant (XDR) profiles that thwart therapy for (UTIs) has been detected and has straight squeezed costs and extended hospital stays. This study aims to detect MDR- and XDR-UPEC isolates. Out of 42 UPEC clinical isolates were composed from UTI patients. The bacterial strains were recognized by standard laboratory protocols. Susceptibility to antibiotic was measured by the standard disk diffusion method Out of 42 Uropathogenic E. coli, 37 (88.09%) were found to be MDR while 5 isolates (11.90%) were XDR. The present study concluded high prevalence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) with Multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolated from urinary tract inf...
Background: It is well known that oral carriage of Candida species increase in many situations, l... more Background: It is well known that oral carriage of Candida species increase in many situations, like obesity, debility, leukemia, viral infection, use of certain drugs in addition to diabetes mellitus. Objective: find the relation between diabetes and its control on oral carriage of Candida. Methods: Thirty four hundred oral swabs from diabetic patients 67% are females and 33% are males, 41.7% are type 1 diabetes and 58.3% are type 2.different culture media are used. Results: we found that 37.9% of diabetics had oral carriage, older age group had more but the
Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the ESKAPE pathogens which are the leading cause of nosocomial ... more Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the ESKAPE pathogens which are the leading cause of nosocomial infections throughout the world. The aim of this study is to detect the role of Some Proteins in Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem. The research included the collection of 100 different clinical specimens of( urine, burns, and wounds) isolated from patients in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital for the period from September to December 2021. 20 isolates out of 100 isolates belonging to A.baumannii were obtained. The samples were collected from different clinical specimens distributed as follows:7(35%) Swabs of burns,8(40%) swabs of wounds, and 5(25%)from urine, an examination was conducted for (8)Antibiotics by ( Antibiotic Susceptibility Test-AST ) on 20 isolates. The results showed that all isolates are resistant to antibiotics except for imipenem showed a sensitivity of 20% and resistance of 80% to imipenem. The results of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration level of im...
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