The violation of human rights is replete in many African communities. On a daily basis, people fa... more The violation of human rights is replete in many African communities. On a daily basis, people face the dilemma of distinguishing between what is right or wrong and mainly depend on prosecutors to determine when an act is legal or unconstitutional. Based on this, the rights of Africans are violated. The violations of human rights with little or no redress mechanisms has several consequences on victims. Violation makes life unbearably hard; this impacts adversely on health and social wellbeing. Although many researchers have examined human rights violations, few have explored its health consequences on vulnerable citizens. Thus, this study examined human rights violations and their social/health consequences on victims in Nigeria. Explanation of core variables was anchored on social action theory and health belief model. Data were generated with questionnaires as well as in‐depth and key informant interviews. Content and chi‐square test were used in analysing the data obtained in the...
Deforestation which lunched Nigeria into world capitalist system depleted the forest wh... more Deforestation which lunched Nigeria into world capitalist system depleted the forest which indigenous people rely on for maintaining health. Although, it is widely perceived that grinding poverty exposed the forest to depletion, careful examination revealed that, the disintegration of traditional beliefs and practices heightened unsustainable utilization of the forest. Consequently, numerous diseases and illnesses increased as (73%) of the people became alienated from their forest and related practices which maintain health. Thus, the study examined the impact of deforestation and challenges of traditional health care in Nigeria. Explanations of variables anchored on environmental health model which analysed the relevance of the forest to human health. A total of 300 participants which include household heads, titled chiefs, forest custodian, traditional medicine practitioners and modern health care personnel’s were co-opted f...
Coping with life changes has been one of the issues threatening human survival. Transitional chan... more Coping with life changes has been one of the issues threatening human survival. Transitional changes and the associated stress create anxiety and cognitive dissonance for individuals approaching retirement. Retirement beacons on individual’s loss of good health, social security, less cash inflow and wealth. The fear of the unknown and living a retarded life full of financial crisis creates anxiety. Cognitive reconstruction process of adjusting to changes is loaded with crises. The study objectives explored the impact of retirement after active work life. Raise awareness on the need for good policy as well as exposing health and financial implications of retirement . Disengagement theory by Cumming and Henry which explained that men are ready to disengage or retire because disengagement is an inevitable process was used in explanation of variables. Structured and semi structured psychosocial questionnaire and in-depth interview methods were used to gather data. After purposively choo...
For years, the forests within many communities in Nigeria were protected by taboos. These taboos ... more For years, the forests within many communities in Nigeria were protected by taboos. These taboos were instituted to preserve strategic forests because of their economic value. This indigenous practice prescribed the wholesome and sustainable use of the forest resources. However, as time progressed, the taboos and the use of the forest in regulating health and social order became untenable with the onset of industrial scale deforestation which commenced in 1940. While researchers have documented economic gains and pains of deforestation, there have been few studies on effects of deforestation on indigenous beliefs and practices that protects the forest, thereby, maintaining health and social order. Thus, this work examined deforestation, its disintegrative impact on indigenous beliefs and practices that once sustained health and social order in Sapele, Delta State, Nigeria. Ecological theory provided the framework for explanations of variables. From five major communities that make u...
With the onset of large scale deforestation, the forest was considered untenable in performing ri... more With the onset of large scale deforestation, the forest was considered untenable in performing rituals that sustains lives and social order. Before the onset of deforestation, the forest, related beliefs and practices prescribed the wholesome and sustainable use of its resources. Forest was useful in observing rituals that maintain wellness and social order. As time passes, deforestation altered the forest and dis-approbated its sacredness for the performance of substantive practices. As deforestation increased, forest decreased and observance of ritual practices declined. The forest was no longer adequate for observing rituals which were exclusive in maintaining lives and systemic order. While researchers have documented impacts of deforestation, there have been few studies on deforestation, forest scarcity and adaptation strategy in Sapele, Delta State Nigeria. Thus, this study examined deforestation, forest scarcity related crises and adaptation strategy in Sapele, Delta State Ni...
This descriptive study examined health and related effects of oil exploration on selected oil pro... more This descriptive study examined health and related effects of oil exploration on selected oil producing communities in Ukwani local government of Ndokwa North area of Delta state in Nigeria. The communities constitute major oil producing areas in the country. However, onset of oil exploration has brought about several challenges to the area that includes massive environmental degradation, health challenges and fatal crises or conflicts which are antithetical to development. The extent of deprivation and alienation suffered by the communities over the years suggests that oil exploration and activities of Oil Exploration Companies tend to attract greater degree of life/health threatening conditions when compared to its advantages. Many people in the area are displaced and alienated from their livelihoods. Also, farm lands are degraded which cripples socio-economic activities and lives of those who are dependent on the environment. Theories adopted for explanation in this study hinged ...
One of the major problems facing creek dweller in oil producing communities is adaptation and hea... more One of the major problems facing creek dweller in oil producing communities is adaptation and health challenges. Depletion and pollution subject creek dwellers to harsh conditions in the phase of limited adaptation channels. While oil workers who move from Air Conditioned (AC) house to AC car and to AC office indulge in elaborate exercise to eliminate excess calories, creek dwellers appear malnourished with deep hunger which predisposes them to numerous health challenges. The paper highlighted the challenges and adaptation strategies of creek dwells in selected oil producing communities in Delta State. Explanation of core variables anchored on the theory of social exclusion. Focused group discussions, questionnaire and in-depth interviews were used to generate data. Total of 330 participants were sampled. Out of these, 11 interviews were granted. Thus, instrument triangulated both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Data was analyzed using percentages and thematic extraction of...
The researcher investigated lapses in one of the major responsibilities of Nigerian police which ... more The researcher investigated lapses in one of the major responsibilities of Nigerian police which is protecting of lives and properties. Assumptions states that, on daily basis, most innocent citizens are violated unjustly by uniformed men. Findings revealed that, to check crime, road blocks are mounted, they extort money from road users whether guilty of offence or not. They use slangs such as "match it", "park well", "see me", "do something", "bring closing remark", "watin dey for your boy", your boy dey hungry, roger, offering, "wash my hand" and "shake body", in the process of extorting of money. Officers become violent on resistant citizens to the point of inflicting traumatizing injury on victims. Predatory and structural strain theories were used for explanations of factors predisposing police to violence. From sample frame of 412, data was generated from 291 respondents. Data were gathered using quantitative and qualitative instruments. Through the use of statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), data was analyzed using simple percentage and verbatim quotes.
This descriptive study examined health and related effects of oil exploration on selected oil pro... more This descriptive study examined health and related effects of oil exploration on selected oil producing communities in Ukwani local government of Ndokwa North area of Delta state in Nigeria. The communities constitute major oil producing areas in the country. However, onset of oil exploration has brought about several challenges to the area that includes massive environmental degradation, health challenges and fatal crises or conflicts which are antithetical to development. The extent of deprivation and alienation suffered by the communities over the years suggests that oil exploration and activities of Oil Exploration Companies tend to attract greater degree of life/health threatening conditions when compared to its advantages. Many people in the area are displaced and alienated from their livelihoods. Also, farm lands are degraded which cripples socioeconomic activities and lives of those who are dependent on the environment. Theories adopted for explanation in this study hinged on symbolic interpretive models of deprivation and alienation. Data was qualitatively and quantitatively gathered through the use of questionnaire, IDI, KII and case study. Thematic abstraction of responses and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used in data analysis. Findings revealed that oil exploration negatively affected the people and alienated them from their original source of livelihoods, even as they are not given good appointments in oil companies in their area. A total of 108 out of 409 respondents were also of the view that there exist oppression and mental subjugation of community members by security personnel watching over oil activities. The study concludes that the people were not allowed full access to benefits of oil exploration, creating frustrations that fuel majority of the crisis recorded in the area. It was thus recommended that the area should be made less vulnerable to environmental pollution, and should be linked to social welfare services in order to experience sustainable development.
While other social issues enjoy the attention of researchers and policymakers, hawking with its n... more While other social issues enjoy the attention of researchers and policymakers, hawking with its numerous hazardsis given little or no attention. The endemic problem makes many hawkers withdraw, some are discouraged. This leaves the poor hawkers in abject poverty and hunger. This paper examined the hazards of hawking in some selected communities and possible solutions. Weber's social action theory provided the framework for explanations. For manageability, Nigeria was purposively chosen as a case study. From the three major tribes that make up Nigeria Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba, a total of 280 participants were randomly selected: Ore (70), Benin (70), Onitsha (70), and Abuja (70). 40 in-depth interviews with hawkers were conducted. Quantitative data were analyzed using chi-square and simple percentage. Qualitative data were content analyzed.It was revealed that hawking hazards ranged from kidnapping, physical assault, sexual molestation, robbery, death and gang starism. The research concludes that irrespective of the numerous challenges, many people chose hawking as a means of livelihood to survive hardship. Solutions ranged from the building of stores, socialization to the stationing of mobile policemen around hawking spots.
One of the challenges of migrants is securing permanent residency. Illegal migrants are worst hit... more One of the challenges of migrants is securing permanent residency. Illegal migrants are worst hit by the problem of residency permit-green papers. Women especially the elderly areused as a springboard to secure green cards. Vulnerable personalities who need a solution to their needs meet themselves but the unfortunate gender becomes beast of burden. Exploiting/benefiting someone's vulnerability is a problem that is trivialized today. Although many researchers have detailed the problems of detention and deportation of illegal migrants, few have explored the problem of women as arbiter to secure permanent stay and then dumped thereafter. Thus, the study explored the challenges of migrant and women as a beast of burden. Explanation of the operative variables is anchored on firo, functionalist, Conflict and exchange theory. The research setting was selected communities in Edo and Delta, Nigeria. The research was exploratory. Method of data collection was through a questionnaire, key informant and in-depth interview. Data were content analyzed and through simple percentage with the use of statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS version 15). Responses revealed that marriage of convenience exists in the west and women are mostly the beast of burden.
ABSTARCT The recent clashes between herdsmen and farmers in Abraka community heightened the suffe... more ABSTARCT The recent clashes between herdsmen and farmers in Abraka community heightened the sufferings of inhabitants as lives and properties worth millions were destroyed. Cause of the conflict centre on water and grazing rights between pastoral Fulani herdsmen and agrarian farmers. The conflict has become fatal as herdsmen defend themselves from farmers who obstruct their grazing activities. Generally, insecurity and stagnation deepened as reprisal attacks threatened lives and social order. While past researches focus on causes and economic cost of the crisis, little attention has been given to its physiological effects on the level of insecurity and disunity among the different ethnic groups in Abraka. Thus, this study explored its psychological effects on security and unity. Explanation core variables anchored on dialectic materialism and social conflict theory. Qualitatively, a total of 425 questionnaires were used to generate quantitative data among respondents. Qualitatively, in-depth interview and snow ball method was used to generate more information that complements that of the questionnaire. While 95% of the respondents were randomly sampled, 5% were carefully snowballed. Data was analyzed with the use of percentages, tables and chi-square statistical tool. Qualitative data was content analysed. A total of (25.1%) revealed that destruction of crops and other properties situated in the farm are the major reason why farmers barricade herdsmen and their cattle. On the other hand, burning of rangelands and blockage of stock routes and water points to avoid encroachment on farm lands and destruction of crops herald attacks against farmers by herdsmen who force their way to graze their animals (24.9%). The farmers (86%) reported wide range of cattle rustling, armed assaults and killing whenever there is disagreement. Community members suffered varying degree of destruction in the midst of the conflict. X 2 =10.52>0.05 significant level shows that, the effects on both parties ranged from physical, economic, to socio-psychological damage.
The derogation of erstwhile traditional healthcare services popularized modern healthcare systems... more The derogation of erstwhile traditional healthcare services popularized modern healthcare systems which have been adjudged by many Nigerians as profit-making ventures rather than that saving life. Only affluence can afford quality health care in Nigeria. The situation is worst for the majority of women who survive under men. Thus, exploitation and inequitable access to modern health care services stiffened health challenges for many Nigerians especially women. Thus, this study examined ways of deconstructing gender and the capitalist system of health care, a panacea for equitable access to health care services in Nigeria. Weber's social action and rational theory were used for the explanation of variables. Data was generated with the use of questionnaires, case studies, and In-depth and key informant interviews. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for the social sciences. Chi-square and cross-tabulations validated the connectivity between government policies, equitable access to health care services and the health of the masses. The validity and reliability of instruments were ascertained by pilot study (test-retest analysis). Interview and (X 2 =16.09; P<0.05) revealed that the irrational and nonaffectionate posture of physicians under the modern health care system is more terrifying than sickness and death itself. The modern health care system according to 14.6% of participants is fragmented and inherently is less disorganized Keywords-Nigeria health care system, capitalist system health care, exploitation, equitable access.
This research is anchored on the anvils of a deep passion to affect a segment of the population t... more This research is anchored on the anvils of a deep passion to affect a segment of the population that has been underrepresented in terms of significant policy focus across several climes. With United Nations Sustainable Development Goals' (SDG) mandate targeted at improving standard of living of the human species in an all inclusive manner globally: the quality of life and health of persons with disability, physically handicapped or disabled persons becomes a subject of major concern. Questions are often raised as to whether the quality of life of persons with disability (PWD) could be ameliorated by improving the design and functionality of their clothes. The main objective of this research paper with emphasis on the Nigerian environment is therefore, to examine the points of congruence between the need for adaptive clothing for persons with disability; the expected roles of organized agency intervention or responses as well as their impact or otherwise on the attainment of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Specifically, the paper interrogated the extent to which available clothing options pose a challenge to persons with disability. It went ahead and identified helpful interventions to address the array of clothing need of special needs people for purposes of achieving an all-inclusive society. The methodology adopted for the study was a survey whereby medical practitioners, caregivers and people with disabilities themselves were drawn as respondents. There was also a thorough review of secondary data from internet and other sources. The research found that special clothing is required to aid the mobility and comfort of people with disabilities, and to reduce their activity limitations. The finding justifies urgent need for agency intervention in this area with a view to improve the quality of life of this segment of the Nigerian population and for overall attainment of social inclusion and Sustainable Development Goals by year 2030 and beyond.
The violation of human rights is replete in many African communities. On a daily basis, people fa... more The violation of human rights is replete in many African communities. On a daily basis, people face the dilemma of distinguishing between what is right or wrong and mainly depend on prosecutors to determine when an act is legal or unconstitutional. Based on this, the rights of Africans are violated. The violations of human rights with little or no redress mechanisms has several consequences on victims. Violation makes life unbearably hard; this impacts adversely on health and social wellbeing. Although many researchers have examined human rights violations, few have explored its health consequences on vulnerable citizens. Thus, this study examined human rights violations and their social/health consequences on victims in Nigeria. Explanation of core variables was anchored on social action theory and health belief model. Data were generated with questionnaires as well as in-depth and key informant interviews. Data were content and chi-squared analyzed using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS version 15). Responses from (67%) respondents revealed that violation induces health challenges ranging from, psychosomatic dissonance to anxiety, psychometric disturbances, schizophrenia and psychosis, insomnia, delusion, Osteoclasis, paranoia, depression, high-bloodpressure and hypertension. Those who seek redress are embattled with difficult terrain. As such, victims become unpatriotic; often exhibiting unwholesome behaviors. With poor redress mechanisms, attack on institutions/authorities and loss of lives has increased.
The violation of human rights is replete in many African communities. On a daily basis, people fa... more The violation of human rights is replete in many African communities. On a daily basis, people face the dilemma of distinguishing between what is right or wrong and mainly depend on prosecutors to determine when an act is legal or unconstitutional. Based on this, the rights of Africans are violated. The violations of human rights with little or no redress mechanisms has several consequences on victims. Violation makes life unbearably hard; this impacts adversely on health and social wellbeing. Although many researchers have examined human rights violations, few have explored its health consequences on vulnerable citizens. Thus, this study examined human rights violations and their social/health consequences on victims in Nigeria. Explanation of core variables was anchored on social action theory and health belief model. Data were generated with questionnaires as well as in‐depth and key informant interviews. Content and chi‐square test were used in analysing the data obtained in the...
Deforestation which lunched Nigeria into world capitalist system depleted the forest wh... more Deforestation which lunched Nigeria into world capitalist system depleted the forest which indigenous people rely on for maintaining health. Although, it is widely perceived that grinding poverty exposed the forest to depletion, careful examination revealed that, the disintegration of traditional beliefs and practices heightened unsustainable utilization of the forest. Consequently, numerous diseases and illnesses increased as (73%) of the people became alienated from their forest and related practices which maintain health. Thus, the study examined the impact of deforestation and challenges of traditional health care in Nigeria. Explanations of variables anchored on environmental health model which analysed the relevance of the forest to human health. A total of 300 participants which include household heads, titled chiefs, forest custodian, traditional medicine practitioners and modern health care personnel’s were co-opted f...
Coping with life changes has been one of the issues threatening human survival. Transitional chan... more Coping with life changes has been one of the issues threatening human survival. Transitional changes and the associated stress create anxiety and cognitive dissonance for individuals approaching retirement. Retirement beacons on individual’s loss of good health, social security, less cash inflow and wealth. The fear of the unknown and living a retarded life full of financial crisis creates anxiety. Cognitive reconstruction process of adjusting to changes is loaded with crises. The study objectives explored the impact of retirement after active work life. Raise awareness on the need for good policy as well as exposing health and financial implications of retirement . Disengagement theory by Cumming and Henry which explained that men are ready to disengage or retire because disengagement is an inevitable process was used in explanation of variables. Structured and semi structured psychosocial questionnaire and in-depth interview methods were used to gather data. After purposively choo...
For years, the forests within many communities in Nigeria were protected by taboos. These taboos ... more For years, the forests within many communities in Nigeria were protected by taboos. These taboos were instituted to preserve strategic forests because of their economic value. This indigenous practice prescribed the wholesome and sustainable use of the forest resources. However, as time progressed, the taboos and the use of the forest in regulating health and social order became untenable with the onset of industrial scale deforestation which commenced in 1940. While researchers have documented economic gains and pains of deforestation, there have been few studies on effects of deforestation on indigenous beliefs and practices that protects the forest, thereby, maintaining health and social order. Thus, this work examined deforestation, its disintegrative impact on indigenous beliefs and practices that once sustained health and social order in Sapele, Delta State, Nigeria. Ecological theory provided the framework for explanations of variables. From five major communities that make u...
With the onset of large scale deforestation, the forest was considered untenable in performing ri... more With the onset of large scale deforestation, the forest was considered untenable in performing rituals that sustains lives and social order. Before the onset of deforestation, the forest, related beliefs and practices prescribed the wholesome and sustainable use of its resources. Forest was useful in observing rituals that maintain wellness and social order. As time passes, deforestation altered the forest and dis-approbated its sacredness for the performance of substantive practices. As deforestation increased, forest decreased and observance of ritual practices declined. The forest was no longer adequate for observing rituals which were exclusive in maintaining lives and systemic order. While researchers have documented impacts of deforestation, there have been few studies on deforestation, forest scarcity and adaptation strategy in Sapele, Delta State Nigeria. Thus, this study examined deforestation, forest scarcity related crises and adaptation strategy in Sapele, Delta State Ni...
This descriptive study examined health and related effects of oil exploration on selected oil pro... more This descriptive study examined health and related effects of oil exploration on selected oil producing communities in Ukwani local government of Ndokwa North area of Delta state in Nigeria. The communities constitute major oil producing areas in the country. However, onset of oil exploration has brought about several challenges to the area that includes massive environmental degradation, health challenges and fatal crises or conflicts which are antithetical to development. The extent of deprivation and alienation suffered by the communities over the years suggests that oil exploration and activities of Oil Exploration Companies tend to attract greater degree of life/health threatening conditions when compared to its advantages. Many people in the area are displaced and alienated from their livelihoods. Also, farm lands are degraded which cripples socio-economic activities and lives of those who are dependent on the environment. Theories adopted for explanation in this study hinged ...
One of the major problems facing creek dweller in oil producing communities is adaptation and hea... more One of the major problems facing creek dweller in oil producing communities is adaptation and health challenges. Depletion and pollution subject creek dwellers to harsh conditions in the phase of limited adaptation channels. While oil workers who move from Air Conditioned (AC) house to AC car and to AC office indulge in elaborate exercise to eliminate excess calories, creek dwellers appear malnourished with deep hunger which predisposes them to numerous health challenges. The paper highlighted the challenges and adaptation strategies of creek dwells in selected oil producing communities in Delta State. Explanation of core variables anchored on the theory of social exclusion. Focused group discussions, questionnaire and in-depth interviews were used to generate data. Total of 330 participants were sampled. Out of these, 11 interviews were granted. Thus, instrument triangulated both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Data was analyzed using percentages and thematic extraction of...
The researcher investigated lapses in one of the major responsibilities of Nigerian police which ... more The researcher investigated lapses in one of the major responsibilities of Nigerian police which is protecting of lives and properties. Assumptions states that, on daily basis, most innocent citizens are violated unjustly by uniformed men. Findings revealed that, to check crime, road blocks are mounted, they extort money from road users whether guilty of offence or not. They use slangs such as "match it", "park well", "see me", "do something", "bring closing remark", "watin dey for your boy", your boy dey hungry, roger, offering, "wash my hand" and "shake body", in the process of extorting of money. Officers become violent on resistant citizens to the point of inflicting traumatizing injury on victims. Predatory and structural strain theories were used for explanations of factors predisposing police to violence. From sample frame of 412, data was generated from 291 respondents. Data were gathered using quantitative and qualitative instruments. Through the use of statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), data was analyzed using simple percentage and verbatim quotes.
This descriptive study examined health and related effects of oil exploration on selected oil pro... more This descriptive study examined health and related effects of oil exploration on selected oil producing communities in Ukwani local government of Ndokwa North area of Delta state in Nigeria. The communities constitute major oil producing areas in the country. However, onset of oil exploration has brought about several challenges to the area that includes massive environmental degradation, health challenges and fatal crises or conflicts which are antithetical to development. The extent of deprivation and alienation suffered by the communities over the years suggests that oil exploration and activities of Oil Exploration Companies tend to attract greater degree of life/health threatening conditions when compared to its advantages. Many people in the area are displaced and alienated from their livelihoods. Also, farm lands are degraded which cripples socioeconomic activities and lives of those who are dependent on the environment. Theories adopted for explanation in this study hinged on symbolic interpretive models of deprivation and alienation. Data was qualitatively and quantitatively gathered through the use of questionnaire, IDI, KII and case study. Thematic abstraction of responses and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used in data analysis. Findings revealed that oil exploration negatively affected the people and alienated them from their original source of livelihoods, even as they are not given good appointments in oil companies in their area. A total of 108 out of 409 respondents were also of the view that there exist oppression and mental subjugation of community members by security personnel watching over oil activities. The study concludes that the people were not allowed full access to benefits of oil exploration, creating frustrations that fuel majority of the crisis recorded in the area. It was thus recommended that the area should be made less vulnerable to environmental pollution, and should be linked to social welfare services in order to experience sustainable development.
While other social issues enjoy the attention of researchers and policymakers, hawking with its n... more While other social issues enjoy the attention of researchers and policymakers, hawking with its numerous hazardsis given little or no attention. The endemic problem makes many hawkers withdraw, some are discouraged. This leaves the poor hawkers in abject poverty and hunger. This paper examined the hazards of hawking in some selected communities and possible solutions. Weber's social action theory provided the framework for explanations. For manageability, Nigeria was purposively chosen as a case study. From the three major tribes that make up Nigeria Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba, a total of 280 participants were randomly selected: Ore (70), Benin (70), Onitsha (70), and Abuja (70). 40 in-depth interviews with hawkers were conducted. Quantitative data were analyzed using chi-square and simple percentage. Qualitative data were content analyzed.It was revealed that hawking hazards ranged from kidnapping, physical assault, sexual molestation, robbery, death and gang starism. The research concludes that irrespective of the numerous challenges, many people chose hawking as a means of livelihood to survive hardship. Solutions ranged from the building of stores, socialization to the stationing of mobile policemen around hawking spots.
One of the challenges of migrants is securing permanent residency. Illegal migrants are worst hit... more One of the challenges of migrants is securing permanent residency. Illegal migrants are worst hit by the problem of residency permit-green papers. Women especially the elderly areused as a springboard to secure green cards. Vulnerable personalities who need a solution to their needs meet themselves but the unfortunate gender becomes beast of burden. Exploiting/benefiting someone's vulnerability is a problem that is trivialized today. Although many researchers have detailed the problems of detention and deportation of illegal migrants, few have explored the problem of women as arbiter to secure permanent stay and then dumped thereafter. Thus, the study explored the challenges of migrant and women as a beast of burden. Explanation of the operative variables is anchored on firo, functionalist, Conflict and exchange theory. The research setting was selected communities in Edo and Delta, Nigeria. The research was exploratory. Method of data collection was through a questionnaire, key informant and in-depth interview. Data were content analyzed and through simple percentage with the use of statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS version 15). Responses revealed that marriage of convenience exists in the west and women are mostly the beast of burden.
ABSTARCT The recent clashes between herdsmen and farmers in Abraka community heightened the suffe... more ABSTARCT The recent clashes between herdsmen and farmers in Abraka community heightened the sufferings of inhabitants as lives and properties worth millions were destroyed. Cause of the conflict centre on water and grazing rights between pastoral Fulani herdsmen and agrarian farmers. The conflict has become fatal as herdsmen defend themselves from farmers who obstruct their grazing activities. Generally, insecurity and stagnation deepened as reprisal attacks threatened lives and social order. While past researches focus on causes and economic cost of the crisis, little attention has been given to its physiological effects on the level of insecurity and disunity among the different ethnic groups in Abraka. Thus, this study explored its psychological effects on security and unity. Explanation core variables anchored on dialectic materialism and social conflict theory. Qualitatively, a total of 425 questionnaires were used to generate quantitative data among respondents. Qualitatively, in-depth interview and snow ball method was used to generate more information that complements that of the questionnaire. While 95% of the respondents were randomly sampled, 5% were carefully snowballed. Data was analyzed with the use of percentages, tables and chi-square statistical tool. Qualitative data was content analysed. A total of (25.1%) revealed that destruction of crops and other properties situated in the farm are the major reason why farmers barricade herdsmen and their cattle. On the other hand, burning of rangelands and blockage of stock routes and water points to avoid encroachment on farm lands and destruction of crops herald attacks against farmers by herdsmen who force their way to graze their animals (24.9%). The farmers (86%) reported wide range of cattle rustling, armed assaults and killing whenever there is disagreement. Community members suffered varying degree of destruction in the midst of the conflict. X 2 =10.52>0.05 significant level shows that, the effects on both parties ranged from physical, economic, to socio-psychological damage.
The derogation of erstwhile traditional healthcare services popularized modern healthcare systems... more The derogation of erstwhile traditional healthcare services popularized modern healthcare systems which have been adjudged by many Nigerians as profit-making ventures rather than that saving life. Only affluence can afford quality health care in Nigeria. The situation is worst for the majority of women who survive under men. Thus, exploitation and inequitable access to modern health care services stiffened health challenges for many Nigerians especially women. Thus, this study examined ways of deconstructing gender and the capitalist system of health care, a panacea for equitable access to health care services in Nigeria. Weber's social action and rational theory were used for the explanation of variables. Data was generated with the use of questionnaires, case studies, and In-depth and key informant interviews. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for the social sciences. Chi-square and cross-tabulations validated the connectivity between government policies, equitable access to health care services and the health of the masses. The validity and reliability of instruments were ascertained by pilot study (test-retest analysis). Interview and (X 2 =16.09; P<0.05) revealed that the irrational and nonaffectionate posture of physicians under the modern health care system is more terrifying than sickness and death itself. The modern health care system according to 14.6% of participants is fragmented and inherently is less disorganized Keywords-Nigeria health care system, capitalist system health care, exploitation, equitable access.
This research is anchored on the anvils of a deep passion to affect a segment of the population t... more This research is anchored on the anvils of a deep passion to affect a segment of the population that has been underrepresented in terms of significant policy focus across several climes. With United Nations Sustainable Development Goals' (SDG) mandate targeted at improving standard of living of the human species in an all inclusive manner globally: the quality of life and health of persons with disability, physically handicapped or disabled persons becomes a subject of major concern. Questions are often raised as to whether the quality of life of persons with disability (PWD) could be ameliorated by improving the design and functionality of their clothes. The main objective of this research paper with emphasis on the Nigerian environment is therefore, to examine the points of congruence between the need for adaptive clothing for persons with disability; the expected roles of organized agency intervention or responses as well as their impact or otherwise on the attainment of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Specifically, the paper interrogated the extent to which available clothing options pose a challenge to persons with disability. It went ahead and identified helpful interventions to address the array of clothing need of special needs people for purposes of achieving an all-inclusive society. The methodology adopted for the study was a survey whereby medical practitioners, caregivers and people with disabilities themselves were drawn as respondents. There was also a thorough review of secondary data from internet and other sources. The research found that special clothing is required to aid the mobility and comfort of people with disabilities, and to reduce their activity limitations. The finding justifies urgent need for agency intervention in this area with a view to improve the quality of life of this segment of the Nigerian population and for overall attainment of social inclusion and Sustainable Development Goals by year 2030 and beyond.
The violation of human rights is replete in many African communities. On a daily basis, people fa... more The violation of human rights is replete in many African communities. On a daily basis, people face the dilemma of distinguishing between what is right or wrong and mainly depend on prosecutors to determine when an act is legal or unconstitutional. Based on this, the rights of Africans are violated. The violations of human rights with little or no redress mechanisms has several consequences on victims. Violation makes life unbearably hard; this impacts adversely on health and social wellbeing. Although many researchers have examined human rights violations, few have explored its health consequences on vulnerable citizens. Thus, this study examined human rights violations and their social/health consequences on victims in Nigeria. Explanation of core variables was anchored on social action theory and health belief model. Data were generated with questionnaires as well as in-depth and key informant interviews. Data were content and chi-squared analyzed using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS version 15). Responses from (67%) respondents revealed that violation induces health challenges ranging from, psychosomatic dissonance to anxiety, psychometric disturbances, schizophrenia and psychosis, insomnia, delusion, Osteoclasis, paranoia, depression, high-bloodpressure and hypertension. Those who seek redress are embattled with difficult terrain. As such, victims become unpatriotic; often exhibiting unwholesome behaviors. With poor redress mechanisms, attack on institutions/authorities and loss of lives has increased.
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