Data augmentation is a critical regularization method that contributes to numerous state-of-the-a... more Data augmentation is a critical regularization method that contributes to numerous state-of-the-art results achieved by deep neural networks (DNNs). The visual interpretation method demonstrates that the DNNs behave like object detectors, focusing on the discriminative regions in the input image. Many studies have also discovered that the DNNs correctly identify the lesions in the input, which has been confirmed in the current work. However, for medical images containing complicated lesions, we observe the DNNs focus on the most prominent abnormalities, neglecting sub-clinical characteristics that may also help diagnosis. We speculate this bias may hamper the generalization ability of DNNs, potentially causing false predicted results. Based on this consideration, a simple yet effective data augmentation method called guided random mask (GRM) is proposed to discover the lesions with different characteristics. Visual interpretation of the inference result is used as guidance to genera...
Neural machine translation (NMT) is sensitive to domain shift. In this paper, we address this pro... more Neural machine translation (NMT) is sensitive to domain shift. In this paper, we address this problem in an active learning setting where we can spend a given budget on translating in-domain data, and gradually fine-tune a pre-trained out-of-domain NMT model on the newly translated data. Existing active learning methods for NMT usually select sentences based on uncertainty scores, but these methods require costly translation of full sentences even when only one or two key phrases within the sentence are informative. To address this limitation, we re-examine previous work from the phrase-based machine translation (PBMT) era that selected not full sentences, but rather individual phrases. However, while incorporating these phrases into PBMT systems was relatively simple, it is less trivial for NMT systems, which need to be trained on full sequences to capture larger structural properties of sentences unique to the new domain. To overcome these hurdles, we propose to select both full s...
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint has been regarded as a new target for predict... more Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint has been regarded as a new target for predicting cancer immunotherapy. As a transmembrane protein, PD-L1 has very low blood concentration and is likely to deplete their native activity when separated from the membrane environment due to significant hydrophobic domains, which make it difficult to measure sensitively. The reported PD-L1 aptamers and antibodies are both extracellular region binding molecules with the overlapping binding sites, which seriously limit with the construction of biosensor. Specific intracellular binding peptide (SIBP) as a unique PD-L1 intracellular region homing probe molecule is utilized for specifically capture targets. A simple and sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sandwich assay was constructed to detect serum soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) based on the unique and strong binding ability of SIBP to the intracellular region of sPD-L1. The designed SPR sensor showed great selectivity and wide dynamic response range of sPD-L1 concentration from 10Â ng/mL to 2000Â ng/mL. The limit of detection was calculated to be 1.749Â ng/mL (S/NÂ =Â 3). Owing to the SIBP's strong and specific binding ability with sPD-L1, the sensitive sensor can successfully detect sPD-L1 in serum samples, paving the way for the development of efficient test tools for clinical diagnosis and analysis.
Oviduct ampulla plays an important role in steroid hormone-regulated sperm-oocyte binding in fema... more Oviduct ampulla plays an important role in steroid hormone-regulated sperm-oocyte binding in female animals. Although studies have shown that androgen receptor are expressed in many species oviduct, the interaction among androgen receptor (AR), estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) in the sheep oviduct have rarely been reported. In this study, we evaluated the localization of two isoforms of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) sythetase enzymes 5α-reductase (5α-red1, 5α-red2) and AR in sheep oviduct ampulla by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Results showed that they were all distributed in oviduct epithelium layer. In epithelial cells, 5α-red1, 5α-red2 were expressed in cytoplast and nuclear, but AR were stained in nuclear. We also investigated their expression pattern in the sheep oviduct ampulla at different development stages of follicles (Large follicles stage; hemorrhagium, luteum and albicans of corpus stage) by molecular experiments. We found that 5α-red1, 5α-red2 and AR mRNA abundance and protein were expressed highest in corpus albicans stage and lowest in corpus hemorrhagium stage. In vitro, when sheep oviduct ampulla epithelial cells (SOAECs) were cultured and treated with different concentrations of E2/P4 (10-9-10-6 M), we found that E2 inhibited the expression of AR mRNA and protein, while P4 promoted this expression. In addition, when the SOAECs were treated with E2 (10-8 M) and/or its non-selective inhibitor ICI182780 (10-7 M) as well as with P4 (10-6 M) and/or its non-specific inhibitor RU486 (10-5 M), we found that E2 and P4 inhibited and promoted the expression of AR mRNA and proteins, respectively, via their nuclear receptor pathways. This study provides a basic insight for the further research of oviduct epithelium physiological function closely related to androgen.
Background Data on the genus Sarcocystis in insectivores are limited. The Asian gray shrew Crocid... more Background Data on the genus Sarcocystis in insectivores are limited. The Asian gray shrew Crocidura attenuata is one of the most common species of the insectivore family Soricidae in South Asia and Southeast Asia. To our knowledge, species of Sarcocystis have never been recorded previously in this host. Methods Tissues were obtained from 42 Asian gray shrews caught in 2017 and 2018 in China. Sarcocysts were observed using light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To describe the parasite life cycle, muscle tissues of the host infected with sarcocysts were force-fed to two beauty rat snakes Elaphe taeniura. Individual sarcocysts from different Asian gray shrews, and oocysts/sporocysts isolated from the small intestines and feces of the experimental snakes, were selected for DNA extraction, and seven genetic markers, namely, two nuclear loci [18S ribosomal DNA (18S rDNA) and internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS1)], three mitochondrial genes [cytochrome ox...
The rapid accumulation of single-cell RNA-seq data has provided rich resources to characterize va... more The rapid accumulation of single-cell RNA-seq data has provided rich resources to characterize various human cell types. Cell type annotation is the critical step in analyzing single-cell RNA-seq data. However, accurate cell type annotation based on public references is challenging due to the inconsistent annotations, batch effects, and poor characterization of rare cell types. Here, we introduce SELINA (single cELl identity NAvigator), an integrative annotation transferring framework for automatic cell type annotation. SELINA optimizes the annotation for minority cell types by synthetic minority over-sampling, removes batch effects among reference datasets using a multiple-adversarial domain adaptation network (MADA), and fits the query data with reference data using an autoencoder. Finally, SELINA affords a comprehensive and uniform reference atlas with 1.7 million cells covering 230 major human cell types. We demonstrated the robustness and superiority of SELINA in most human tis...
Melatonin, an important regulator of mammalian reproduction, is mainly produced in the pineal gla... more Melatonin, an important regulator of mammalian reproduction, is mainly produced in the pineal gland, and granulosa cells (GCs), the main mammalian ovarian secretory cells, synthesize melatonin and express melatonin receptors (MRs) MT1 and MT2. However, studies on melatonin regulation in GCs are lacking in sheep. In this study, we explored the effects of β-estradiol (E2) on melatonin production and MR expression in GCs. We cultured sheep GCs to analyze the expression of the melatonin rate-limiting enzymes AANAT and HIOMT and the effects of E2 on AANAT, HIOMT, and MR expression and melatonin synthesis. To determine whether estrogen receptors (ERs) mediated E2 action on melatonin secretion and MR expression, we assessed ERA and ERB expression in GCs and observed whether ER antagonists counterbalanced the effects of E2. GCs expressed AANAT and HIOMT mRNA, indicating that they transformed exogenous serotonin into melatonin. E2 inhibited melatonin production by downregulating AANAT, HIOMT, and MRs. GCs expressed ERA and ERB; ERA/ERB inhibitors abolished E2-mediated inhibition of melatonin secretion and MR expression. PHTPP upregulated melatonin secretion and MT1 expression in E2-treated GCs, but did not significantly affect AANAT and MT2 expression. In conclusion, melatonin secretion in GCs was inhibited by E2 through an ERA- and ERB-mediated process.
2019 IEEE Sustainable Power and Energy Conference (iSPEC), 2019
This article presents a fully distributed energy management solution for grid-connected prosumers... more This article presents a fully distributed energy management solution for grid-connected prosumers having photovoltaic (PV) system and distributed generators (DG). The prosumers try to supply their energy demands with the locally available resources while excess energy is shared with the utility grid. Moreover, the prosumers buy the electric power from the grid in case of deficiency. The optimization problem is modeled as a social welfare maximization scheme based on consensus protocol. The proposed approach is fully distributed and requires only information about local power mismatch and incremental cost from the adjacent neighborhood. To validate the proposed algorithm simulation is performed on a network of five prosumers for 24 hours of data of forecasted load and PV energy. Furthermore, a convergence speed analysis and scalability test of the proposed algorithm is also performed to justify its effectiveness for practical systems.
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Shenfu (SF) injection on hemodynamics and plasma E-select... more OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Shenfu (SF) injection on hemodynamics and plasma E-selectin concentrations in elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement (THR). METHODS A total of 24 ASA II/III patients aged 65 to 85 years old were divided equally into two groups (n = 12). In Group S, SF injection was administered by peripheral intravenous infusion at initially 0.2 ml/kg and then 0.8 mlĂ—kg(-1)Ă—h(-1) until the end of operations. In Group N, normal saline was administered similarly. All patients received a post-operative regimen of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA). Blood samples were taken pre-operation (T(0)), immediately post-operation (T(3)) and 24 hours post-operation (T(4)) so as to detect the levels of E-selectin at these time points. mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and central venous pressure (CVP) were continuously monitored and recorded at T(0), 15 min post-anesthesia (T(1)), 30 min post-anesthesia (T(2)) and T(3). RESULTS The concentra...
With the decreasing cost of solar photovoltaics (PV) and battery storage systems, more and more p... more With the decreasing cost of solar photovoltaics (PV) and battery storage systems, more and more prosumers appear in the distribution systems. Accompanying with it is the trend of using home energy management systems (HEMS). HEMS technologies can help the households to schedule their energy prosumption with aims such as reduced electricity bills or increased self-sufficiency. However, their economic-driven operation can affect the grid security. Therefore, it is paramount to design a framework that can accommodate the interests of the key stakeholders in distribution systems, namely the grid operators, aggregators, and prosumers. In this paper, a novel transactive energy based operational framework is proposed. On the upper level, aggregators will interact with distribution grid operators through transactive approach to ensure the grid interests are satisfied. If there are grid issues, the aggregator will interact with the prosumers through a designed price adder. The simulation resu...
Designing a metalens to achieve high resolution, large field-of-view imaging is challenging due t... more Designing a metalens to achieve high resolution, large field-of-view imaging is challenging due to the geometrical aberration of metalens. Here, we report a new approach to tackle this challenge. We first optimize the phase profile of the metalens to balance the focusing ability for light incidences of different angles. While the image suffers some resolution loss due to a small degradation of on-axis focus performance, the field-of-view is significantly increased. We then use a deconvolution method to computationally recover the high-resolution image. Using this hybrid approach, we achieve high quality, high resolution, large field-of-view metalens imaging.
Three-Dimensional and Multidimensional Microscopy: Image Acquisition and Processing XXVIII, 2021
We show an integrated three-dimensional (3D) imaging device to acquire volumetric object features... more We show an integrated three-dimensional (3D) imaging device to acquire volumetric object features through a single exposure on the camera sensor. The system uses a single piece of randomly positioned microlens array as a multi-channel light encoder and a hybrid 3D reconstruction algorithm to achieve compact device footprint and low computational complexity. We validate the system in both simulation models and experiments with resolution targets and fluorescent samples. Our system is capable of volumetric imaging across a volume of 1800 mm3 with a high space-frequency bandwidth. It opens new avenues for miniaturized and implantable imaging device for biomedical applications.
Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology], 2015
OBJECTIVE Laparoscopic-assisted surgery for colorectal cancer has been widely spread worldwide. T... more OBJECTIVE Laparoscopic-assisted surgery for colorectal cancer has been widely spread worldwide. To avoid the invasiveness of abdominal wound and get better good-looking, incisionless laparoscopic low anterior resection with transanal natural orifice specimen extraction using prolapsing technique for rectal cancer has been developed in our center. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety and short-term outcomes of this technique. METHODS From January 2013 to October 2013, twenty-seven patients with rectal carcinoma were treated by incisionless laparoscopic low anterior resection, and the data of these patients were collected and retrospectively analyzed to assess the value of this technique. RESULTS All operations were successfully accomplished without conversion to open surgery or laparoscopic-assisted surgery. The mean operation time was 135 minutes. The mean blood loss was 50 ml. The mean first bowel movement was 48 hours. The post-operative hospital stay was ...
Large-scales of distributed energy resources (DERs) including renewable generations such as wind ... more Large-scales of distributed energy resources (DERs) including renewable generations such as wind and photovoltaic generation, electric vehicles will bring operational challenges to power system operation. On the transmission system level, the transmission system operator needs new balancing methods and balancing resources. On the distribution system level, the connected DERs may cause grid congestion problems. To accommodate more DERs in the system, especially at local level, the output of DERs should be coordinated to mitigate the problems. The coordination method needs to take the interests of various actors into account, thus, this paper reviews a promising coordination mechanism: transactive energy. In this paper, we will first introduce basic concepts and characteristics of transactive energy. Then, a review of existing research and demonstration projects in this area will be presented. In the end, we will describe the key technologies for transactive energy mechanism.
Much recent progress in applications of machine learning models to NLP has been driven by benchma... more Much recent progress in applications of machine learning models to NLP has been driven by benchmarks that evaluate models across a wide variety of tasks. However, these broad-coverage benchmarks have been mostly limited to English, and despite an increasing interest in multilingual models, a benchmark that enables the comprehensive evaluation of such methods on a diverse range of languages and tasks is still missing. To this end, we introduce the Cross-lingual TRansfer Evaluation of Multilingual Encoders XTREME benchmark, a multi-task benchmark for evaluating the cross-lingual generalization capabilities of multilingual representations across 40 languages and 9 tasks. We demonstrate that while models tested on English reach human performance on many tasks, there is still a sizable gap in the performance of cross-lingually transferred models, particularly on syntactic and sentence retrieval tasks. There is also a wide spread of results across languages. We release the benchmark to en...
Data augmentation is a critical regularization method that contributes to numerous state-of-the-a... more Data augmentation is a critical regularization method that contributes to numerous state-of-the-art results achieved by deep neural networks (DNNs). The visual interpretation method demonstrates that the DNNs behave like object detectors, focusing on the discriminative regions in the input image. Many studies have also discovered that the DNNs correctly identify the lesions in the input, which has been confirmed in the current work. However, for medical images containing complicated lesions, we observe the DNNs focus on the most prominent abnormalities, neglecting sub-clinical characteristics that may also help diagnosis. We speculate this bias may hamper the generalization ability of DNNs, potentially causing false predicted results. Based on this consideration, a simple yet effective data augmentation method called guided random mask (GRM) is proposed to discover the lesions with different characteristics. Visual interpretation of the inference result is used as guidance to genera...
Neural machine translation (NMT) is sensitive to domain shift. In this paper, we address this pro... more Neural machine translation (NMT) is sensitive to domain shift. In this paper, we address this problem in an active learning setting where we can spend a given budget on translating in-domain data, and gradually fine-tune a pre-trained out-of-domain NMT model on the newly translated data. Existing active learning methods for NMT usually select sentences based on uncertainty scores, but these methods require costly translation of full sentences even when only one or two key phrases within the sentence are informative. To address this limitation, we re-examine previous work from the phrase-based machine translation (PBMT) era that selected not full sentences, but rather individual phrases. However, while incorporating these phrases into PBMT systems was relatively simple, it is less trivial for NMT systems, which need to be trained on full sequences to capture larger structural properties of sentences unique to the new domain. To overcome these hurdles, we propose to select both full s...
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint has been regarded as a new target for predict... more Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint has been regarded as a new target for predicting cancer immunotherapy. As a transmembrane protein, PD-L1 has very low blood concentration and is likely to deplete their native activity when separated from the membrane environment due to significant hydrophobic domains, which make it difficult to measure sensitively. The reported PD-L1 aptamers and antibodies are both extracellular region binding molecules with the overlapping binding sites, which seriously limit with the construction of biosensor. Specific intracellular binding peptide (SIBP) as a unique PD-L1 intracellular region homing probe molecule is utilized for specifically capture targets. A simple and sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sandwich assay was constructed to detect serum soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) based on the unique and strong binding ability of SIBP to the intracellular region of sPD-L1. The designed SPR sensor showed great selectivity and wide dynamic response range of sPD-L1 concentration from 10Â ng/mL to 2000Â ng/mL. The limit of detection was calculated to be 1.749Â ng/mL (S/NÂ =Â 3). Owing to the SIBP's strong and specific binding ability with sPD-L1, the sensitive sensor can successfully detect sPD-L1 in serum samples, paving the way for the development of efficient test tools for clinical diagnosis and analysis.
Oviduct ampulla plays an important role in steroid hormone-regulated sperm-oocyte binding in fema... more Oviduct ampulla plays an important role in steroid hormone-regulated sperm-oocyte binding in female animals. Although studies have shown that androgen receptor are expressed in many species oviduct, the interaction among androgen receptor (AR), estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) in the sheep oviduct have rarely been reported. In this study, we evaluated the localization of two isoforms of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) sythetase enzymes 5α-reductase (5α-red1, 5α-red2) and AR in sheep oviduct ampulla by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Results showed that they were all distributed in oviduct epithelium layer. In epithelial cells, 5α-red1, 5α-red2 were expressed in cytoplast and nuclear, but AR were stained in nuclear. We also investigated their expression pattern in the sheep oviduct ampulla at different development stages of follicles (Large follicles stage; hemorrhagium, luteum and albicans of corpus stage) by molecular experiments. We found that 5α-red1, 5α-red2 and AR mRNA abundance and protein were expressed highest in corpus albicans stage and lowest in corpus hemorrhagium stage. In vitro, when sheep oviduct ampulla epithelial cells (SOAECs) were cultured and treated with different concentrations of E2/P4 (10-9-10-6 M), we found that E2 inhibited the expression of AR mRNA and protein, while P4 promoted this expression. In addition, when the SOAECs were treated with E2 (10-8 M) and/or its non-selective inhibitor ICI182780 (10-7 M) as well as with P4 (10-6 M) and/or its non-specific inhibitor RU486 (10-5 M), we found that E2 and P4 inhibited and promoted the expression of AR mRNA and proteins, respectively, via their nuclear receptor pathways. This study provides a basic insight for the further research of oviduct epithelium physiological function closely related to androgen.
Background Data on the genus Sarcocystis in insectivores are limited. The Asian gray shrew Crocid... more Background Data on the genus Sarcocystis in insectivores are limited. The Asian gray shrew Crocidura attenuata is one of the most common species of the insectivore family Soricidae in South Asia and Southeast Asia. To our knowledge, species of Sarcocystis have never been recorded previously in this host. Methods Tissues were obtained from 42 Asian gray shrews caught in 2017 and 2018 in China. Sarcocysts were observed using light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To describe the parasite life cycle, muscle tissues of the host infected with sarcocysts were force-fed to two beauty rat snakes Elaphe taeniura. Individual sarcocysts from different Asian gray shrews, and oocysts/sporocysts isolated from the small intestines and feces of the experimental snakes, were selected for DNA extraction, and seven genetic markers, namely, two nuclear loci [18S ribosomal DNA (18S rDNA) and internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS1)], three mitochondrial genes [cytochrome ox...
The rapid accumulation of single-cell RNA-seq data has provided rich resources to characterize va... more The rapid accumulation of single-cell RNA-seq data has provided rich resources to characterize various human cell types. Cell type annotation is the critical step in analyzing single-cell RNA-seq data. However, accurate cell type annotation based on public references is challenging due to the inconsistent annotations, batch effects, and poor characterization of rare cell types. Here, we introduce SELINA (single cELl identity NAvigator), an integrative annotation transferring framework for automatic cell type annotation. SELINA optimizes the annotation for minority cell types by synthetic minority over-sampling, removes batch effects among reference datasets using a multiple-adversarial domain adaptation network (MADA), and fits the query data with reference data using an autoencoder. Finally, SELINA affords a comprehensive and uniform reference atlas with 1.7 million cells covering 230 major human cell types. We demonstrated the robustness and superiority of SELINA in most human tis...
Melatonin, an important regulator of mammalian reproduction, is mainly produced in the pineal gla... more Melatonin, an important regulator of mammalian reproduction, is mainly produced in the pineal gland, and granulosa cells (GCs), the main mammalian ovarian secretory cells, synthesize melatonin and express melatonin receptors (MRs) MT1 and MT2. However, studies on melatonin regulation in GCs are lacking in sheep. In this study, we explored the effects of β-estradiol (E2) on melatonin production and MR expression in GCs. We cultured sheep GCs to analyze the expression of the melatonin rate-limiting enzymes AANAT and HIOMT and the effects of E2 on AANAT, HIOMT, and MR expression and melatonin synthesis. To determine whether estrogen receptors (ERs) mediated E2 action on melatonin secretion and MR expression, we assessed ERA and ERB expression in GCs and observed whether ER antagonists counterbalanced the effects of E2. GCs expressed AANAT and HIOMT mRNA, indicating that they transformed exogenous serotonin into melatonin. E2 inhibited melatonin production by downregulating AANAT, HIOMT, and MRs. GCs expressed ERA and ERB; ERA/ERB inhibitors abolished E2-mediated inhibition of melatonin secretion and MR expression. PHTPP upregulated melatonin secretion and MT1 expression in E2-treated GCs, but did not significantly affect AANAT and MT2 expression. In conclusion, melatonin secretion in GCs was inhibited by E2 through an ERA- and ERB-mediated process.
2019 IEEE Sustainable Power and Energy Conference (iSPEC), 2019
This article presents a fully distributed energy management solution for grid-connected prosumers... more This article presents a fully distributed energy management solution for grid-connected prosumers having photovoltaic (PV) system and distributed generators (DG). The prosumers try to supply their energy demands with the locally available resources while excess energy is shared with the utility grid. Moreover, the prosumers buy the electric power from the grid in case of deficiency. The optimization problem is modeled as a social welfare maximization scheme based on consensus protocol. The proposed approach is fully distributed and requires only information about local power mismatch and incremental cost from the adjacent neighborhood. To validate the proposed algorithm simulation is performed on a network of five prosumers for 24 hours of data of forecasted load and PV energy. Furthermore, a convergence speed analysis and scalability test of the proposed algorithm is also performed to justify its effectiveness for practical systems.
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Shenfu (SF) injection on hemodynamics and plasma E-select... more OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Shenfu (SF) injection on hemodynamics and plasma E-selectin concentrations in elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement (THR). METHODS A total of 24 ASA II/III patients aged 65 to 85 years old were divided equally into two groups (n = 12). In Group S, SF injection was administered by peripheral intravenous infusion at initially 0.2 ml/kg and then 0.8 mlĂ—kg(-1)Ă—h(-1) until the end of operations. In Group N, normal saline was administered similarly. All patients received a post-operative regimen of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA). Blood samples were taken pre-operation (T(0)), immediately post-operation (T(3)) and 24 hours post-operation (T(4)) so as to detect the levels of E-selectin at these time points. mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and central venous pressure (CVP) were continuously monitored and recorded at T(0), 15 min post-anesthesia (T(1)), 30 min post-anesthesia (T(2)) and T(3). RESULTS The concentra...
With the decreasing cost of solar photovoltaics (PV) and battery storage systems, more and more p... more With the decreasing cost of solar photovoltaics (PV) and battery storage systems, more and more prosumers appear in the distribution systems. Accompanying with it is the trend of using home energy management systems (HEMS). HEMS technologies can help the households to schedule their energy prosumption with aims such as reduced electricity bills or increased self-sufficiency. However, their economic-driven operation can affect the grid security. Therefore, it is paramount to design a framework that can accommodate the interests of the key stakeholders in distribution systems, namely the grid operators, aggregators, and prosumers. In this paper, a novel transactive energy based operational framework is proposed. On the upper level, aggregators will interact with distribution grid operators through transactive approach to ensure the grid interests are satisfied. If there are grid issues, the aggregator will interact with the prosumers through a designed price adder. The simulation resu...
Designing a metalens to achieve high resolution, large field-of-view imaging is challenging due t... more Designing a metalens to achieve high resolution, large field-of-view imaging is challenging due to the geometrical aberration of metalens. Here, we report a new approach to tackle this challenge. We first optimize the phase profile of the metalens to balance the focusing ability for light incidences of different angles. While the image suffers some resolution loss due to a small degradation of on-axis focus performance, the field-of-view is significantly increased. We then use a deconvolution method to computationally recover the high-resolution image. Using this hybrid approach, we achieve high quality, high resolution, large field-of-view metalens imaging.
Three-Dimensional and Multidimensional Microscopy: Image Acquisition and Processing XXVIII, 2021
We show an integrated three-dimensional (3D) imaging device to acquire volumetric object features... more We show an integrated three-dimensional (3D) imaging device to acquire volumetric object features through a single exposure on the camera sensor. The system uses a single piece of randomly positioned microlens array as a multi-channel light encoder and a hybrid 3D reconstruction algorithm to achieve compact device footprint and low computational complexity. We validate the system in both simulation models and experiments with resolution targets and fluorescent samples. Our system is capable of volumetric imaging across a volume of 1800 mm3 with a high space-frequency bandwidth. It opens new avenues for miniaturized and implantable imaging device for biomedical applications.
Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology], 2015
OBJECTIVE Laparoscopic-assisted surgery for colorectal cancer has been widely spread worldwide. T... more OBJECTIVE Laparoscopic-assisted surgery for colorectal cancer has been widely spread worldwide. To avoid the invasiveness of abdominal wound and get better good-looking, incisionless laparoscopic low anterior resection with transanal natural orifice specimen extraction using prolapsing technique for rectal cancer has been developed in our center. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety and short-term outcomes of this technique. METHODS From January 2013 to October 2013, twenty-seven patients with rectal carcinoma were treated by incisionless laparoscopic low anterior resection, and the data of these patients were collected and retrospectively analyzed to assess the value of this technique. RESULTS All operations were successfully accomplished without conversion to open surgery or laparoscopic-assisted surgery. The mean operation time was 135 minutes. The mean blood loss was 50 ml. The mean first bowel movement was 48 hours. The post-operative hospital stay was ...
Large-scales of distributed energy resources (DERs) including renewable generations such as wind ... more Large-scales of distributed energy resources (DERs) including renewable generations such as wind and photovoltaic generation, electric vehicles will bring operational challenges to power system operation. On the transmission system level, the transmission system operator needs new balancing methods and balancing resources. On the distribution system level, the connected DERs may cause grid congestion problems. To accommodate more DERs in the system, especially at local level, the output of DERs should be coordinated to mitigate the problems. The coordination method needs to take the interests of various actors into account, thus, this paper reviews a promising coordination mechanism: transactive energy. In this paper, we will first introduce basic concepts and characteristics of transactive energy. Then, a review of existing research and demonstration projects in this area will be presented. In the end, we will describe the key technologies for transactive energy mechanism.
Much recent progress in applications of machine learning models to NLP has been driven by benchma... more Much recent progress in applications of machine learning models to NLP has been driven by benchmarks that evaluate models across a wide variety of tasks. However, these broad-coverage benchmarks have been mostly limited to English, and despite an increasing interest in multilingual models, a benchmark that enables the comprehensive evaluation of such methods on a diverse range of languages and tasks is still missing. To this end, we introduce the Cross-lingual TRansfer Evaluation of Multilingual Encoders XTREME benchmark, a multi-task benchmark for evaluating the cross-lingual generalization capabilities of multilingual representations across 40 languages and 9 tasks. We demonstrate that while models tested on English reach human performance on many tasks, there is still a sizable gap in the performance of cross-lingually transferred models, particularly on syntactic and sentence retrieval tasks. There is also a wide spread of results across languages. We release the benchmark to en...
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