Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in neuronal survival, especially... more Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in neuronal survival, especially in areas responsible for memory and learning. The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism has been described as a cognitive modifier in people with neuropsychiatric disorders. BDNF levels have been found to be low in children with learning disorder (LD). However, Val66Met polymorphism has not been studied before in such children. The aim was to investigate the presence of BDNF val66Met polymorphism in a group of children with specific LD and to verify its impact on their cognitive abilities. The participants in this cross-sectional study (N = 111) were divided into two groups: one for children with LD and the other for neurotypical (NT) ones. Children with LD (N = 72) were diagnosed according to the DSM-5 criteria. Their abilities were evaluated using Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scale, dyslexia assessment test, Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities, and phonological awareness test. Genotyping ...
Developmental regression describes a child who begins to lose his previously acquired milestones ... more Developmental regression describes a child who begins to lose his previously acquired milestones skills after he has reached a certain developmental stage and though affects his childhood development. It is associated with neurodegenerative diseases including leukodystrophy and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis diseases (NCLs), one of the most frequent childhood-onset neurodegenerative disorders. The current study focused on screening causative genes of developmental regression diseases comprising neurodegenerative disorders in Egyptian patients using next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based analyses as well as developing checklist to support clinicians who are not familiar with these diseases. A total of 763 Egyptian children (1 to 11 years), mainly diagnosed with developmental regression, seizures, or visual impairment, were studied using whole exome sequencing (WES). Among 763 Egyptian children, 726 cases were early clinically and molecularly diagnosed, including 482 cases that had pe...
BACKGROUND Exploration of the thoracic cavity through a thoracotomy incision for thoracic maligna... more BACKGROUND Exploration of the thoracic cavity through a thoracotomy incision for thoracic malignancies is accompanied by severe, excruciating acute postoperative pain. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative duloxetine when given as part of a multimodal analgesia in reducing the dose of opioids needed to treat acute postoperative pain after thoracotomy. METHODS 60 patients scheduled for thoracotomy were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. The duloxetine group (D) received duloxetine 60 mg orally two hours before the surgical procedure and 24 hours after surgery, and the placebo group (P) received oral equivalent placebo capsules during the same time schedule. The primary outcome was the postoperative consumption of narcotics. Secondary outcome measures were assessment of postoperative pain scores (VAS) during rest, walking and coughing ,hemodynamic variables and development of any side effects. RESULTS Total dose of morphine needed to treat postoperative pain in first 48 hours, intraoperative isoflurane concentrations, intra and postoperative epidural infusion rates all were significantly lower in group D (P < 0.001). Postoperative pain at rest (VAS-R) was significantly less frequent in group D compared to group P at all-time intervals so as during walking (VAS-W) (P < 0.001). While during cough (VAS-C), it was comparable at all time point except at 12 hrs which was significantly low in group D (P < 0.001) . The intra, postoperative mean blood pressure and development of side effects were comparable between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Oral duloxetine used peri-operatively during thoracic surgery may play an important role as multimodal analgesia for acute postoperative pain without any added side effects.
Background The etiological and pathophysiological factors of learning disorder (LD) and attention... more Background The etiological and pathophysiological factors of learning disorder (LD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are currently not well understood. These disorders disrupt some cognitive abilities. Identifying biomarkers for these disorders is a cornerstone to their proper management. Kynurenine (KYN) and oxidative stress markers have been reported to influence some cognitive abilities. Therefore, the aim was to measure the level of KYN and some oxidative stress indicators in children with LD with and without ADHD and to investigate their correlations with the abilities of children with LD. Methods The study included 154 participants who were divided into 3 groups: one for children who have LD (N = 69); another for children with LD and ADHD (N = 31); and a group for neurotypical (NT) children (N = 54). IQ testing, reading, writing, and other ability performance evaluation was performed for children with LD. Measuring plasma levels of KYN, malondialdehyde, glut...
Background: Children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (BSCP) have insufficient trunk control... more Background: Children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (BSCP) have insufficient trunk control and upper limbs (ULs) dysfunction. Purpose: to investigate the effect of segmental trunk stability training at different levels on sitting and ULs functions in children with BSCP. Subjects & Methods: Thirty-nine children with BSCP, with ages ranged from 2 to 4 years, , their spasticity grade ranged from 1 to 1+ according to the Modified Ashworth Scale, their motor function was at level IV according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System – Expanded and Revised, their self-initiated ability to handle objects in daily activities with their hands was at level V according to the Mini-Manual Ability Classification System, all children’s level of segmental trunk control score ranged from 3 to 5 according to the Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control were assigned randomly to 3 groups of equal numbers, 13 children for each group. Group (A) received a specially designed physical therap...
Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 2022
Background Methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) is essential for the normal function of mature ne... more Background Methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) is essential for the normal function of mature neurons. Mutations in the MECP2 gene are the main cause of Rett syndrome (RTT). Gene mutations have been identified throughout the gene and the mutation effect is mainly correlated with its type and location. Methods In this study, a series of in silico algorithms were applied for analyzing the functional consequences of 3 novel gene missense mutations (D121A, S359Y, and P403S) and a rarely reported one with suspicious effect (R133H) on RettBASE. Besides, a ROC curve analysis was performed to investigate the critical factors affecting variant pathogenicity. Results (1) The ROC curve analysis for a retrieved set of MeCP2 variants showed that physicochemical characters do not significantly affect variant pathogenicity; (2) PREM PDI tool revealed that both D121A and R133H mainly contribute to disease progression via reducing MeCP2 affinity to DNA; (3) GPS v5.0 software indicated that P403S ma...
Objectives: This study aims to find out the cognitive and linguistic abilities related to writing... more Objectives: This study aims to find out the cognitive and linguistic abilities related to writing skills in a sample of Egyptian children with developmental dyslexia. The identification of such abilities will add to the understanding of the neurobiological basis of writing development and proper construction of rehabilitation programs for children manifesting both dyslexia and dysgraphia. Material and Methods: Fifty Egyptian native Arabic speaking children (age: 8.43±1.27; IQ:97.04±6.3) participated in this study. They were diagnosed to have a reading disorder (developmental dyslexia) according to the criteria of DSM-IV-TR. The Arabic dyslexia assessment test, the Illinois test of psycholinguistic abilities (Arabic version) and the phonological awareness test were among the tests used for their assessment. Correlation between the scores of their writing (copying) performance and the other cognitive, linguistic and motor abilities was performed. Results: The forms of handwriting diff...
Mirror movements (MM) refer to a rare phenomenon where simultaneous, identical, contralateral, in... more Mirror movements (MM) refer to a rare phenomenon where simultaneous, identical, contralateral, involuntary movements accompany ipsilateral voluntary movements. In pediatric age group, MM can be isolated in the form of congenital mirror movements, or it can occur in association with other clinical syndromes such as Klippel-Feil syndrome, X-linked Kallmann syndrome, Moebius syndrome, Joubert syndrome, or hemiplegic cerebral palsy. MM can also be “physiological” up to the age of 7 years, after which the maturing brain achieves full control of unimanual voluntary movements. Joubert syndrome (JS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, that is characterized by defects in the brainstem and cerebellar vermis, resulting in developmental delay and multiple congenital anomalies syndromes. Individuals with JS have cognitive, behavioral and motor disturbances, and occasionally they can have mirror movements. Herein, we present this rare phenomenon of MM in a patient with JS. A 5-year-old Egyptian girl, product of consanguineous marriage, presented with developmental motor, cognitive and language delay, with poor attention and hyperactivity. Her antenatal and birth history were normal. During infancy, she had transient breathing difficulties, however, she had no hepatic, renal, or retinal abnormalities. Her neurological examination showed mild intellectual disability (IQ score of 55), axial and appendicular ataxia, hypotonia and hyporeflexia. The diagnosis of JS was based on her clinical features and the characteristic radiological appearance of “molar tooth sign” on magnetic resonance imaging (Fig. 1). During clinical assessment, unilateral MM could be noticed, in the form of simultaneous, involuntary, identical movements of the left hand, while the patient was voluntarily moving her right hand, as shown in Video 1. Voluntarily moving the left hand was not associated with MM on the right hand. MM is one of the most peculiar motor dysfunctions observed in humans. It is considered a soft neurologic sign that is rarely seen in clinical practice, and can be easily missed if not specifically looked for. MM are considered pathological if they persisted beyond 7 years of age, and could be congenital or acquired. Our patient had a classic type of JS with brain affection, in the absence of renal, hepatic, ophthalmic, or skeletal abnormalities. Syndromic MM has been reported in individuals with JS, commonly involving the hands, although it may be present in all limbs. They are usually of lesser amplitude than their voluntarily counterpart, and they can be unilateral or bilateral, although one side is generally more affected. Two main pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed to explain the occurrence of MM with different brain anomalies; (1) MM may arise from the same hemisphere as the voluntary movements through an abnormal ipsilateral projection by an uncrossed fast-conducting corticospinal tracts (CST) that
Objective To examine the feasibility of early use of 48-h Holter monitoring to detect the inciden... more Objective To examine the feasibility of early use of 48-h Holter monitoring to detect the incidence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients presenting with acute stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) and without present evidence of AF in the Neurology Department (MUST University). Background Many ischemic stroke patients have undiagnosed paroxysmal AF. Paroxysmal AF diagnosis is relevant in individuals who present with cerebral stroke and without AF on admission. Diagnosis of paroxysmal AF is essential because it is a strong risk factor for stroke recurrence and also because oral anticoagulation has an advantage over antiplatelet treatment. Patients and methods The study included 200 consecutive patients who had acute ischemic stroke or TIA symptoms. Each of them had no evidence of AF at the time of presentation, and within 1 week, they performed Holter monitoring for 48 h. Results Two-hundred patients with mean age 65.27 ± 13.61 years old with TIA and acute ischemic ...
Journal of The Arab Society for Medical Research, 2019
Background Learning disorder (LD) is manifested by significant difficulties in the acquisition an... more Background Learning disorder (LD) is manifested by significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of reasoning, reading, writing, or mathematical abilities, despite average intelligence and proper education. Its etiological factors were suggested to be related to neurodevelopmental alterations. Measurement of the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) was targeted in children with LD in comparison with typically developing (TD) ones. Materials and methods This study included 82 Egyptian Arabic-speaking children matched for age and sex and socioeconomic status, comprising 42 with specific LD (group I) and 40 TD children (group II). All participants were subjected to clinical and full neurological examination after reporting a full medical history. Furthermore, LD group was subjected to Stanford–Binet intelligence scale, dyslexia assessment test, and phonological awareness test, which evaluates cognitive and learning aptitudes. The levels of BDNF and CoQ10 were determined in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results All children with LD obtained a score of 1 or more as at-risk quotient by the dyslexia assessment test, which indicated a specific reading disorder. The BDNF and CoQ10 levels in the LD group were significantly less than those in the TD group. No correlations were found between the measured markers and each other or between them and the measured factors of the used tests. Conclusion The detected low levels of BDNF and CoQ10 in children with specific LD with impairment in reading would be suspected to be related to etiological or exaggerating factors for the deficits in such children.
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2017
BACKGROUND: Cerebral palsy is the most common cause of motor disability in children with a preval... more BACKGROUND: Cerebral palsy is the most common cause of motor disability in children with a prevalence of 2-10/1,000 live births in the developing areas.AIM: The epidemiology, clinical picture, and associated comorbidities in CP have been extensively studied in high-resource countries, but in low-resource areas, including Africa, those studies are still lacking.METHODS: Cerebral palsy cases were prospectively recruited from every physiotherapy centre in Bani-Mazar city, Egypt, in a cross-sectional study from May 2015 to November 2015.RESULTS: Two hundred cases were enrolled with a prevalence of 1 per 1000 live births. Within the study population, 72.5% were the spastic type, 16% were dyskinetic, 7% were ataxic, and 4.5% were hypotonic. The most common comorbidities were cognitive impairment and epilepsy affecting 77% and 38%, respectively.CONCLUSION: Cerebral palsy in developing countries has a higher prevalence and different clinical profile regarding severity and associated disabil...
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in neuronal survival, especially... more Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in neuronal survival, especially in areas responsible for memory and learning. The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism has been described as a cognitive modifier in people with neuropsychiatric disorders. BDNF levels have been found to be low in children with learning disorder (LD). However, Val66Met polymorphism has not been studied before in such children. The aim was to investigate the presence of BDNF val66Met polymorphism in a group of children with specific LD and to verify its impact on their cognitive abilities. The participants in this cross-sectional study (N = 111) were divided into two groups: one for children with LD and the other for neurotypical (NT) ones. Children with LD (N = 72) were diagnosed according to the DSM-5 criteria. Their abilities were evaluated using Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scale, dyslexia assessment test, Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities, and phonological awareness test. Genotyping ...
Developmental regression describes a child who begins to lose his previously acquired milestones ... more Developmental regression describes a child who begins to lose his previously acquired milestones skills after he has reached a certain developmental stage and though affects his childhood development. It is associated with neurodegenerative diseases including leukodystrophy and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis diseases (NCLs), one of the most frequent childhood-onset neurodegenerative disorders. The current study focused on screening causative genes of developmental regression diseases comprising neurodegenerative disorders in Egyptian patients using next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based analyses as well as developing checklist to support clinicians who are not familiar with these diseases. A total of 763 Egyptian children (1 to 11 years), mainly diagnosed with developmental regression, seizures, or visual impairment, were studied using whole exome sequencing (WES). Among 763 Egyptian children, 726 cases were early clinically and molecularly diagnosed, including 482 cases that had pe...
BACKGROUND Exploration of the thoracic cavity through a thoracotomy incision for thoracic maligna... more BACKGROUND Exploration of the thoracic cavity through a thoracotomy incision for thoracic malignancies is accompanied by severe, excruciating acute postoperative pain. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative duloxetine when given as part of a multimodal analgesia in reducing the dose of opioids needed to treat acute postoperative pain after thoracotomy. METHODS 60 patients scheduled for thoracotomy were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. The duloxetine group (D) received duloxetine 60 mg orally two hours before the surgical procedure and 24 hours after surgery, and the placebo group (P) received oral equivalent placebo capsules during the same time schedule. The primary outcome was the postoperative consumption of narcotics. Secondary outcome measures were assessment of postoperative pain scores (VAS) during rest, walking and coughing ,hemodynamic variables and development of any side effects. RESULTS Total dose of morphine needed to treat postoperative pain in first 48 hours, intraoperative isoflurane concentrations, intra and postoperative epidural infusion rates all were significantly lower in group D (P < 0.001). Postoperative pain at rest (VAS-R) was significantly less frequent in group D compared to group P at all-time intervals so as during walking (VAS-W) (P < 0.001). While during cough (VAS-C), it was comparable at all time point except at 12 hrs which was significantly low in group D (P < 0.001) . The intra, postoperative mean blood pressure and development of side effects were comparable between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Oral duloxetine used peri-operatively during thoracic surgery may play an important role as multimodal analgesia for acute postoperative pain without any added side effects.
Background The etiological and pathophysiological factors of learning disorder (LD) and attention... more Background The etiological and pathophysiological factors of learning disorder (LD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are currently not well understood. These disorders disrupt some cognitive abilities. Identifying biomarkers for these disorders is a cornerstone to their proper management. Kynurenine (KYN) and oxidative stress markers have been reported to influence some cognitive abilities. Therefore, the aim was to measure the level of KYN and some oxidative stress indicators in children with LD with and without ADHD and to investigate their correlations with the abilities of children with LD. Methods The study included 154 participants who were divided into 3 groups: one for children who have LD (N = 69); another for children with LD and ADHD (N = 31); and a group for neurotypical (NT) children (N = 54). IQ testing, reading, writing, and other ability performance evaluation was performed for children with LD. Measuring plasma levels of KYN, malondialdehyde, glut...
Background: Children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (BSCP) have insufficient trunk control... more Background: Children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (BSCP) have insufficient trunk control and upper limbs (ULs) dysfunction. Purpose: to investigate the effect of segmental trunk stability training at different levels on sitting and ULs functions in children with BSCP. Subjects & Methods: Thirty-nine children with BSCP, with ages ranged from 2 to 4 years, , their spasticity grade ranged from 1 to 1+ according to the Modified Ashworth Scale, their motor function was at level IV according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System – Expanded and Revised, their self-initiated ability to handle objects in daily activities with their hands was at level V according to the Mini-Manual Ability Classification System, all children’s level of segmental trunk control score ranged from 3 to 5 according to the Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control were assigned randomly to 3 groups of equal numbers, 13 children for each group. Group (A) received a specially designed physical therap...
Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 2022
Background Methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) is essential for the normal function of mature ne... more Background Methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) is essential for the normal function of mature neurons. Mutations in the MECP2 gene are the main cause of Rett syndrome (RTT). Gene mutations have been identified throughout the gene and the mutation effect is mainly correlated with its type and location. Methods In this study, a series of in silico algorithms were applied for analyzing the functional consequences of 3 novel gene missense mutations (D121A, S359Y, and P403S) and a rarely reported one with suspicious effect (R133H) on RettBASE. Besides, a ROC curve analysis was performed to investigate the critical factors affecting variant pathogenicity. Results (1) The ROC curve analysis for a retrieved set of MeCP2 variants showed that physicochemical characters do not significantly affect variant pathogenicity; (2) PREM PDI tool revealed that both D121A and R133H mainly contribute to disease progression via reducing MeCP2 affinity to DNA; (3) GPS v5.0 software indicated that P403S ma...
Objectives: This study aims to find out the cognitive and linguistic abilities related to writing... more Objectives: This study aims to find out the cognitive and linguistic abilities related to writing skills in a sample of Egyptian children with developmental dyslexia. The identification of such abilities will add to the understanding of the neurobiological basis of writing development and proper construction of rehabilitation programs for children manifesting both dyslexia and dysgraphia. Material and Methods: Fifty Egyptian native Arabic speaking children (age: 8.43±1.27; IQ:97.04±6.3) participated in this study. They were diagnosed to have a reading disorder (developmental dyslexia) according to the criteria of DSM-IV-TR. The Arabic dyslexia assessment test, the Illinois test of psycholinguistic abilities (Arabic version) and the phonological awareness test were among the tests used for their assessment. Correlation between the scores of their writing (copying) performance and the other cognitive, linguistic and motor abilities was performed. Results: The forms of handwriting diff...
Mirror movements (MM) refer to a rare phenomenon where simultaneous, identical, contralateral, in... more Mirror movements (MM) refer to a rare phenomenon where simultaneous, identical, contralateral, involuntary movements accompany ipsilateral voluntary movements. In pediatric age group, MM can be isolated in the form of congenital mirror movements, or it can occur in association with other clinical syndromes such as Klippel-Feil syndrome, X-linked Kallmann syndrome, Moebius syndrome, Joubert syndrome, or hemiplegic cerebral palsy. MM can also be “physiological” up to the age of 7 years, after which the maturing brain achieves full control of unimanual voluntary movements. Joubert syndrome (JS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, that is characterized by defects in the brainstem and cerebellar vermis, resulting in developmental delay and multiple congenital anomalies syndromes. Individuals with JS have cognitive, behavioral and motor disturbances, and occasionally they can have mirror movements. Herein, we present this rare phenomenon of MM in a patient with JS. A 5-year-old Egyptian girl, product of consanguineous marriage, presented with developmental motor, cognitive and language delay, with poor attention and hyperactivity. Her antenatal and birth history were normal. During infancy, she had transient breathing difficulties, however, she had no hepatic, renal, or retinal abnormalities. Her neurological examination showed mild intellectual disability (IQ score of 55), axial and appendicular ataxia, hypotonia and hyporeflexia. The diagnosis of JS was based on her clinical features and the characteristic radiological appearance of “molar tooth sign” on magnetic resonance imaging (Fig. 1). During clinical assessment, unilateral MM could be noticed, in the form of simultaneous, involuntary, identical movements of the left hand, while the patient was voluntarily moving her right hand, as shown in Video 1. Voluntarily moving the left hand was not associated with MM on the right hand. MM is one of the most peculiar motor dysfunctions observed in humans. It is considered a soft neurologic sign that is rarely seen in clinical practice, and can be easily missed if not specifically looked for. MM are considered pathological if they persisted beyond 7 years of age, and could be congenital or acquired. Our patient had a classic type of JS with brain affection, in the absence of renal, hepatic, ophthalmic, or skeletal abnormalities. Syndromic MM has been reported in individuals with JS, commonly involving the hands, although it may be present in all limbs. They are usually of lesser amplitude than their voluntarily counterpart, and they can be unilateral or bilateral, although one side is generally more affected. Two main pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed to explain the occurrence of MM with different brain anomalies; (1) MM may arise from the same hemisphere as the voluntary movements through an abnormal ipsilateral projection by an uncrossed fast-conducting corticospinal tracts (CST) that
Objective To examine the feasibility of early use of 48-h Holter monitoring to detect the inciden... more Objective To examine the feasibility of early use of 48-h Holter monitoring to detect the incidence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients presenting with acute stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) and without present evidence of AF in the Neurology Department (MUST University). Background Many ischemic stroke patients have undiagnosed paroxysmal AF. Paroxysmal AF diagnosis is relevant in individuals who present with cerebral stroke and without AF on admission. Diagnosis of paroxysmal AF is essential because it is a strong risk factor for stroke recurrence and also because oral anticoagulation has an advantage over antiplatelet treatment. Patients and methods The study included 200 consecutive patients who had acute ischemic stroke or TIA symptoms. Each of them had no evidence of AF at the time of presentation, and within 1 week, they performed Holter monitoring for 48 h. Results Two-hundred patients with mean age 65.27 ± 13.61 years old with TIA and acute ischemic ...
Journal of The Arab Society for Medical Research, 2019
Background Learning disorder (LD) is manifested by significant difficulties in the acquisition an... more Background Learning disorder (LD) is manifested by significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of reasoning, reading, writing, or mathematical abilities, despite average intelligence and proper education. Its etiological factors were suggested to be related to neurodevelopmental alterations. Measurement of the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) was targeted in children with LD in comparison with typically developing (TD) ones. Materials and methods This study included 82 Egyptian Arabic-speaking children matched for age and sex and socioeconomic status, comprising 42 with specific LD (group I) and 40 TD children (group II). All participants were subjected to clinical and full neurological examination after reporting a full medical history. Furthermore, LD group was subjected to Stanford–Binet intelligence scale, dyslexia assessment test, and phonological awareness test, which evaluates cognitive and learning aptitudes. The levels of BDNF and CoQ10 were determined in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results All children with LD obtained a score of 1 or more as at-risk quotient by the dyslexia assessment test, which indicated a specific reading disorder. The BDNF and CoQ10 levels in the LD group were significantly less than those in the TD group. No correlations were found between the measured markers and each other or between them and the measured factors of the used tests. Conclusion The detected low levels of BDNF and CoQ10 in children with specific LD with impairment in reading would be suspected to be related to etiological or exaggerating factors for the deficits in such children.
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2017
BACKGROUND: Cerebral palsy is the most common cause of motor disability in children with a preval... more BACKGROUND: Cerebral palsy is the most common cause of motor disability in children with a prevalence of 2-10/1,000 live births in the developing areas.AIM: The epidemiology, clinical picture, and associated comorbidities in CP have been extensively studied in high-resource countries, but in low-resource areas, including Africa, those studies are still lacking.METHODS: Cerebral palsy cases were prospectively recruited from every physiotherapy centre in Bani-Mazar city, Egypt, in a cross-sectional study from May 2015 to November 2015.RESULTS: Two hundred cases were enrolled with a prevalence of 1 per 1000 live births. Within the study population, 72.5% were the spastic type, 16% were dyskinetic, 7% were ataxic, and 4.5% were hypotonic. The most common comorbidities were cognitive impairment and epilepsy affecting 77% and 38%, respectively.CONCLUSION: Cerebral palsy in developing countries has a higher prevalence and different clinical profile regarding severity and associated disabil...
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