Page 1. Accelerating EM: An Empirical Study Luis E. Ortiz £ and Leslie Pack Kaelbling Ý Computer ... more Page 1. Accelerating EM: An Empirical Study Luis E. Ortiz £ and Leslie Pack Kaelbling Ý Computer Science Department, Box 1910 Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA leo,lpk @cs.brown.edu Abstract Many applications ...
Bleomycin (BLM) induction of lung fibrosis in mice is an established model to study the mechanism... more Bleomycin (BLM) induction of lung fibrosis in mice is an established model to study the mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis. Cytokine secretion has been implicated as a fundamental component of the lung fibrotic process observed in response to BLM. Among the cytokines implicated in lung fibrosis, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha has been considered to play a fundamental role. In the present study, we characterized the cellular sources of TNF during BLM-induced lung injury and examined the importance of TNF receptors in this process. To characterize the expression of TNF, we utilized two strains of mice, one sensitive (C57BL/6) and one resistant (BALB/c) to BLM-induced lung injury. Mice received BLM (120 mg/kg total) or saline, as control, by multiple subcutaneous injections. BLM induced the development of inflammation in subpleural areas only in the lungs of BLM-sensitive mice. These subpleural areas were characterized by infiltration of CD68-positive macrophages and increased collagen deposition. BLM enhanced the expression of TNF mRNA in BLM-sensitive, but not in BLM-resistant, mice. In situ hybridization studies localized the expression of TNF in the areas of BLM-induced inflammation in 6% and 27% of macrophages at 14 and 21 days post BLM treatment. In addition to TNF, BLM exposure resulted in the upregulated expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1, but not interleukin (IL)-1, mRNA in the lungs of both murine strains at 14 and 21 days. This upregulated expression of TGF-beta 1 mRNA was greater in the lungs of BLM-sensitive mice. In separate experiments, double TNF receptor knockout mice were exposed to BLM. These animals demonstrated an increased expression of TNF, but not TGF-beta 1, mRNA in response to BLM and did not exhibit histologic evidence of lung injury following BLM exposure. In summary, the upregulation of TNF mRNA in macrophages correlated with the appearance of inflammation following BLM exposure and was limited to the BLM-sensitive strain. Furthermore, in addition to the release of the TNF ligand, it appears that the presence of TNF receptors is necessary for the development of BLM-induced lung injury, and signaling through these receptors may contribute to the regulation of the TGF-beta 1 mRNA expression observed in response to bleomycin. These results provide further support for a role of macrophages and TNF in the induction of lung inflammation.
Diffuse pulmonary affection in rheumatoid arthritis remains a controversial subject that requires... more Diffuse pulmonary affection in rheumatoid arthritis remains a controversial subject that requires further and more accurate investigation. All patients with rheumatoid arthritis attending a general hospital during a six-year period underwent clinical, radiological, and functional pulmonary evaluation and serological investigation. Twenty-five had an open lung biopsy for microscopic examination and immunofluorescence. The histopathological findings in this group were correlated with the clinical, radiological, functional, and serological altercations and with the clinical course of the rheumatoid process as well. Pulmonary affection in this series was a common finding, showing definite histopathological patterns and particular clinical features.
We present a study on the longitudinal locations, morphology, and evolution of the 5-μm hot spots... more We present a study on the longitudinal locations, morphology, and evolution of the 5-μm hot spots at 6.5°N latitude (planetocentric) from an extensive Infrared Telescope Facility-National Science Foundation Camera (IRTF-NSFCAM) data set spanning more than 3 years, ...
In this paper we present a Bayesian method to deconvolve images when the location of the objects ... more In this paper we present a Bayesian method to deconvolve images when the location of the objects in the image is known in advance. This knowledge of location is incorporated into the prior model via a labeling process. An iterative method is proposed to find the maximum a posteriori estimator of the image. The method was tested on both synthetic
A revised physical map of the α-haemolysin plasmid pHly152 has been constructed. The known positi... more A revised physical map of the α-haemolysin plasmid pHly152 has been constructed. The known position of the hly genes in the restriction map of pHly152 allowed us to locate in it a direct repeat of IS elements flanking the hly genes of pHly152. These elements are IS92L, which is a derivative of the previously characterised element IS91 (1.85 kb) by insertion of a sequence of 1.2 kb, and IS92R, an element related to IS91 by a deletion of 0.7 kb and substitution of a 0.2 kb sequence of IS91 by a 1.2 kb heterologous sequence. IS92L is, in turn, flanked by an inverted repetition of sequences of 1.4 kb. These and previously published data strongly suggest that the hly genes spread at some time in evolution by means of the recombinational activity of IS91-like elements.
Our experience with the use of cartilage grafts in 430 primary rhinoplasties is presented. We fin... more Our experience with the use of cartilage grafts in 430 primary rhinoplasties is presented. We find grafts indicated when operating on small noses with thick skin to increase and define the dorsum, to add projection and angularity to the tip, to project the columella, and to correct the acute nasolabial angle. The procedure is technically simple and relatively free of complications. Long-term evaluations show no absorption of the grafts and preservation of the desired shape.
Page 1. Accelerating EM: An Empirical Study Luis E. Ortiz £ and Leslie Pack Kaelbling Ý Computer ... more Page 1. Accelerating EM: An Empirical Study Luis E. Ortiz £ and Leslie Pack Kaelbling Ý Computer Science Department, Box 1910 Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA leo,lpk @cs.brown.edu Abstract Many applications ...
Bleomycin (BLM) induction of lung fibrosis in mice is an established model to study the mechanism... more Bleomycin (BLM) induction of lung fibrosis in mice is an established model to study the mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis. Cytokine secretion has been implicated as a fundamental component of the lung fibrotic process observed in response to BLM. Among the cytokines implicated in lung fibrosis, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha has been considered to play a fundamental role. In the present study, we characterized the cellular sources of TNF during BLM-induced lung injury and examined the importance of TNF receptors in this process. To characterize the expression of TNF, we utilized two strains of mice, one sensitive (C57BL/6) and one resistant (BALB/c) to BLM-induced lung injury. Mice received BLM (120 mg/kg total) or saline, as control, by multiple subcutaneous injections. BLM induced the development of inflammation in subpleural areas only in the lungs of BLM-sensitive mice. These subpleural areas were characterized by infiltration of CD68-positive macrophages and increased collagen deposition. BLM enhanced the expression of TNF mRNA in BLM-sensitive, but not in BLM-resistant, mice. In situ hybridization studies localized the expression of TNF in the areas of BLM-induced inflammation in 6% and 27% of macrophages at 14 and 21 days post BLM treatment. In addition to TNF, BLM exposure resulted in the upregulated expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1, but not interleukin (IL)-1, mRNA in the lungs of both murine strains at 14 and 21 days. This upregulated expression of TGF-beta 1 mRNA was greater in the lungs of BLM-sensitive mice. In separate experiments, double TNF receptor knockout mice were exposed to BLM. These animals demonstrated an increased expression of TNF, but not TGF-beta 1, mRNA in response to BLM and did not exhibit histologic evidence of lung injury following BLM exposure. In summary, the upregulation of TNF mRNA in macrophages correlated with the appearance of inflammation following BLM exposure and was limited to the BLM-sensitive strain. Furthermore, in addition to the release of the TNF ligand, it appears that the presence of TNF receptors is necessary for the development of BLM-induced lung injury, and signaling through these receptors may contribute to the regulation of the TGF-beta 1 mRNA expression observed in response to bleomycin. These results provide further support for a role of macrophages and TNF in the induction of lung inflammation.
Diffuse pulmonary affection in rheumatoid arthritis remains a controversial subject that requires... more Diffuse pulmonary affection in rheumatoid arthritis remains a controversial subject that requires further and more accurate investigation. All patients with rheumatoid arthritis attending a general hospital during a six-year period underwent clinical, radiological, and functional pulmonary evaluation and serological investigation. Twenty-five had an open lung biopsy for microscopic examination and immunofluorescence. The histopathological findings in this group were correlated with the clinical, radiological, functional, and serological altercations and with the clinical course of the rheumatoid process as well. Pulmonary affection in this series was a common finding, showing definite histopathological patterns and particular clinical features.
We present a study on the longitudinal locations, morphology, and evolution of the 5-μm hot spots... more We present a study on the longitudinal locations, morphology, and evolution of the 5-μm hot spots at 6.5°N latitude (planetocentric) from an extensive Infrared Telescope Facility-National Science Foundation Camera (IRTF-NSFCAM) data set spanning more than 3 years, ...
In this paper we present a Bayesian method to deconvolve images when the location of the objects ... more In this paper we present a Bayesian method to deconvolve images when the location of the objects in the image is known in advance. This knowledge of location is incorporated into the prior model via a labeling process. An iterative method is proposed to find the maximum a posteriori estimator of the image. The method was tested on both synthetic
A revised physical map of the α-haemolysin plasmid pHly152 has been constructed. The known positi... more A revised physical map of the α-haemolysin plasmid pHly152 has been constructed. The known position of the hly genes in the restriction map of pHly152 allowed us to locate in it a direct repeat of IS elements flanking the hly genes of pHly152. These elements are IS92L, which is a derivative of the previously characterised element IS91 (1.85 kb) by insertion of a sequence of 1.2 kb, and IS92R, an element related to IS91 by a deletion of 0.7 kb and substitution of a 0.2 kb sequence of IS91 by a 1.2 kb heterologous sequence. IS92L is, in turn, flanked by an inverted repetition of sequences of 1.4 kb. These and previously published data strongly suggest that the hly genes spread at some time in evolution by means of the recombinational activity of IS91-like elements.
Our experience with the use of cartilage grafts in 430 primary rhinoplasties is presented. We fin... more Our experience with the use of cartilage grafts in 430 primary rhinoplasties is presented. We find grafts indicated when operating on small noses with thick skin to increase and define the dorsum, to add projection and angularity to the tip, to project the columella, and to correct the acute nasolabial angle. The procedure is technically simple and relatively free of complications. Long-term evaluations show no absorption of the grafts and preservation of the desired shape.
Uploads
Papers by luis ortiz