Horn manure (Preparation 500) is a product used in the practice of biodynamic agriculture. It is ... more Horn manure (Preparation 500) is a product used in the practice of biodynamic agriculture. It is obtained by an underground fermentation of cow faecal material incubated in cow horns for several months. The product is used as spray treatment meant to increase soil fertility. In the present report we analyzed the successional changes in bacterial and fungal communities throughout the process of horn manure maturation by high throughput sequencing of ribosomal 16S (bacterial) and ITS (fungal) gene markers. Marked shifts in the microbial community were seen involving a general decrease from a Firmicutes-dominated material to a product transiently enriched in Proteobacteria and later in Actinobacteria, mostly within the Nocardioidaceae family. In the fungal community evolution, the most abundant taxon in the starting faecal material resulted a member of the Onygenales order, known to specifically degrade keratin. Its abundance in the intestine is explained by the fact that keratin, whic...
Abstract Soluble and ribosome-associated protein kinases were found in wheat embryos. In the pres... more Abstract Soluble and ribosome-associated protein kinases were found in wheat embryos. In the presence of ATP, the enzymes phosphorylate a variety of proteins, including ribosomal proteins. The protein kinase associated with ribosomes phosphorylates endogenous substrates when either ATP or GTP were used as phosphate donors. In the presence of ATP, the latter kinase phosphorylates to a greater extent exogenous proteins while, with GTP, the enzyme exhibits a higher specificity for ribosomal proteins. Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP do not stimulate the activity of the two types of kinase.
Abstract A cyclic AMP binding protein has been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from Jerus... more Abstract A cyclic AMP binding protein has been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from Jerusalem artichoke rhizome tissues. Its MW is ca. 240 000 and the apparent constant of cyclic AMP binding to the protein is 2.3× 10− 7 M. When tested using Millipore filter assay, ...
... 48, 235 z LIN PP and VARNER, JE (1972) Btochun Brophys Acta 276, 454, Z' BRC... more ... 48, 235 z LIN PP and VARNER, JE (1972) Btochun Brophys Acta 276, 454, Z' BRCWiN, NJ and NORTHCOT , DH (1973) Blochim BIophys 4cta 320, 104 z-VA %DI I'f UTL, J , HLFFAKI R, RC and Ar VARI1, R (1973) Plant Phi slot 52, 278 2 ; NI WTON RP (1974) Broch So( Ti an s ...
Abstract Isolation of Cytokinins from « Rhizobium leguminosarum » Frank. — Three substances with ... more Abstract Isolation of Cytokinins from « Rhizobium leguminosarum » Frank. — Three substances with cytokinin activity have been isolated from liquid cultures of Rh. leguminosarum by fractionation on Dowex 50W X4 H+ column, butanol extraction, silver precipitation, chloroform extraction and finally by paper chromatography. The Rf-values and the U.V. absorption maxima of one of these substances were similar to those of isopentenyl adenine, a potent cytokinin synthetized by several bacteria responsible, as Rhizobium, for profound morphological alterations of the tissues of higher plants. The other two substances are not comparable to any of the as yet known natural cytokinins. It is suggested that these substances, produced by Rhizobium, are responsible for tissue proliferation during nodule formation.
ABSTRACT The agglutinating effect of five lectins having different sugar-binding specificities on... more ABSTRACT The agglutinating effect of five lectins having different sugar-binding specificities on the conidia of a variety of strains from eight Fusarium species was examined. Conidia of all the strains of F. solani and F. oxysporum were strongly agglutinated by concanavalin A and Helix pomatia agglutinin; D-mannose (and D-glucose) and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine inhibited the agglutination induced by concanavalin A and Helix pomatia agglutinin, respectively. Conidia of the other species of Fusarlum examined (F. culmorum, F. sambucinum, F. graminearum, F. avenaceum, F. moniliforme and F. xylarioides) were not agglutinated by either lectin. No conidia from the Fusarium species were agglutinated by wheat-germ agglutinin, potato lectin and Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I. These results have provided some insight into the chemical nature of the outermost layer of Fusarium conidia and this information may be of taxonomic significance.
The effect of baking and digestion on the allergenicity of wheat flour proteins has been studied.... more The effect of baking and digestion on the allergenicity of wheat flour proteins has been studied. Pooled sera of patients suffering from food allergy to wheat products were tested for IgE binding to the proteins of the wheat dough and of the bread crumb and crust, before and after being in vitro digested. During in vitro digestion, the IgE binding protein components of the unheated dough tended to disappear, whereas a permanence of IgE recognition was evident for both the bread crumb and crust. This indicates that the baking process increases the resistance of the potential allergens of the wheat flour to proteolytic digestion, allowing them to reach the gastrointestinal tract, where they can elicit the immunological response. Therefore, the effects of baking must be carefully considered in studying food allergies to wheat products.
... Although a large quantity of information can be found on the allergens of (hexapolid) bread w... more ... Although a large quantity of information can be found on the allergens of (hexapolid) bread wheat (T. aestivum) (Palosuo, 2003), a few studies have been devoted to the allergological characterisation of only some proteins of (tetraploid) durum wheat (Kusaba-Nakayama et al ...
Horn manure (Preparation 500) is a product used in the practice of biodynamic agriculture. It is ... more Horn manure (Preparation 500) is a product used in the practice of biodynamic agriculture. It is obtained by an underground fermentation of cow faecal material incubated in cow horns for several months. The product is used as spray treatment meant to increase soil fertility. In the present report we analyzed the successional changes in bacterial and fungal communities throughout the process of horn manure maturation by high throughput sequencing of ribosomal 16S (bacterial) and ITS (fungal) gene markers. Marked shifts in the microbial community were seen involving a general decrease from a Firmicutes-dominated material to a product transiently enriched in Proteobacteria and later in Actinobacteria, mostly within the Nocardioidaceae family. In the fungal community evolution, the most abundant taxon in the starting faecal material resulted a member of the Onygenales order, known to specifically degrade keratin. Its abundance in the intestine is explained by the fact that keratin, whic...
Abstract Soluble and ribosome-associated protein kinases were found in wheat embryos. In the pres... more Abstract Soluble and ribosome-associated protein kinases were found in wheat embryos. In the presence of ATP, the enzymes phosphorylate a variety of proteins, including ribosomal proteins. The protein kinase associated with ribosomes phosphorylates endogenous substrates when either ATP or GTP were used as phosphate donors. In the presence of ATP, the latter kinase phosphorylates to a greater extent exogenous proteins while, with GTP, the enzyme exhibits a higher specificity for ribosomal proteins. Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP do not stimulate the activity of the two types of kinase.
Abstract A cyclic AMP binding protein has been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from Jerus... more Abstract A cyclic AMP binding protein has been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from Jerusalem artichoke rhizome tissues. Its MW is ca. 240 000 and the apparent constant of cyclic AMP binding to the protein is 2.3× 10− 7 M. When tested using Millipore filter assay, ...
... 48, 235 z LIN PP and VARNER, JE (1972) Btochun Brophys Acta 276, 454, Z' BRC... more ... 48, 235 z LIN PP and VARNER, JE (1972) Btochun Brophys Acta 276, 454, Z' BRCWiN, NJ and NORTHCOT , DH (1973) Blochim BIophys 4cta 320, 104 z-VA %DI I'f UTL, J , HLFFAKI R, RC and Ar VARI1, R (1973) Plant Phi slot 52, 278 2 ; NI WTON RP (1974) Broch So( Ti an s ...
Abstract Isolation of Cytokinins from « Rhizobium leguminosarum » Frank. — Three substances with ... more Abstract Isolation of Cytokinins from « Rhizobium leguminosarum » Frank. — Three substances with cytokinin activity have been isolated from liquid cultures of Rh. leguminosarum by fractionation on Dowex 50W X4 H+ column, butanol extraction, silver precipitation, chloroform extraction and finally by paper chromatography. The Rf-values and the U.V. absorption maxima of one of these substances were similar to those of isopentenyl adenine, a potent cytokinin synthetized by several bacteria responsible, as Rhizobium, for profound morphological alterations of the tissues of higher plants. The other two substances are not comparable to any of the as yet known natural cytokinins. It is suggested that these substances, produced by Rhizobium, are responsible for tissue proliferation during nodule formation.
ABSTRACT The agglutinating effect of five lectins having different sugar-binding specificities on... more ABSTRACT The agglutinating effect of five lectins having different sugar-binding specificities on the conidia of a variety of strains from eight Fusarium species was examined. Conidia of all the strains of F. solani and F. oxysporum were strongly agglutinated by concanavalin A and Helix pomatia agglutinin; D-mannose (and D-glucose) and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine inhibited the agglutination induced by concanavalin A and Helix pomatia agglutinin, respectively. Conidia of the other species of Fusarlum examined (F. culmorum, F. sambucinum, F. graminearum, F. avenaceum, F. moniliforme and F. xylarioides) were not agglutinated by either lectin. No conidia from the Fusarium species were agglutinated by wheat-germ agglutinin, potato lectin and Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I. These results have provided some insight into the chemical nature of the outermost layer of Fusarium conidia and this information may be of taxonomic significance.
The effect of baking and digestion on the allergenicity of wheat flour proteins has been studied.... more The effect of baking and digestion on the allergenicity of wheat flour proteins has been studied. Pooled sera of patients suffering from food allergy to wheat products were tested for IgE binding to the proteins of the wheat dough and of the bread crumb and crust, before and after being in vitro digested. During in vitro digestion, the IgE binding protein components of the unheated dough tended to disappear, whereas a permanence of IgE recognition was evident for both the bread crumb and crust. This indicates that the baking process increases the resistance of the potential allergens of the wheat flour to proteolytic digestion, allowing them to reach the gastrointestinal tract, where they can elicit the immunological response. Therefore, the effects of baking must be carefully considered in studying food allergies to wheat products.
... Although a large quantity of information can be found on the allergens of (hexapolid) bread w... more ... Although a large quantity of information can be found on the allergens of (hexapolid) bread wheat (T. aestivum) (Palosuo, 2003), a few studies have been devoted to the allergological characterisation of only some proteins of (tetraploid) durum wheat (Kusaba-Nakayama et al ...
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