Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Feb 3, 2015
The PI program was established in 1994 in response to the MTA inspector general's research (... more The PI program was established in 1994 in response to the MTA inspector general's research (1) recommending the need for mea-sures of service reliability other than the traditional terminal on-time performance (OTP). Extensive research was conducted to under-stand transit ...
Proceedings of the 2007 Conference on Future Play, Nov 14, 2007
Abstract We propose a methodological framework for game analysis that uses the notion of&... more Abstract We propose a methodological framework for game analysis that uses the notion of'scripting'as the basis for game interpretation and design. Drawing upon several disciplines and domains, this paper provides a template for critical analysis by outlining seven forms of scripting at work in games, and how these scripts either complement or compete with each other in various types of games. This system of analysis not only comprises the different technical, social or cognitive scripts that operate within the various ...
Purinergic regulation of N-cadherin and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), molecules produced by astrocyte... more Purinergic regulation of N-cadherin and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), molecules produced by astrocytes that are involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, is unknown. I used primary cultures of rat cortical astrocytes to study the effects of purinergic signaling on the expression of N-cadherin and TSP-1. N-cadherin and TSP-1 protein expression increased in a time- and concentration-dependent manner with extracellular ATP. Cultures treated with a P1 antagonist, 8-(p-sulfophenyl)-theophylline, or P2 antagonists, reactive blue 2 or pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2'-4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS), showed reduced ATP-induced expression of N-cadherin and TSP-1, suggesting P1 and P2 receptors involvement in the regulation of N-cadherin and TSP-1 expression. However, agonists studies showed that UTP and 3'-O-(4-benzoyl)benzoyl-ATP (BzATP), but not 2-methylthioADP (2MeSADP), adenosine, and N6-cyclopentyladenosine, statistically increased N-cadherin expression, while UTP but not BzATP, 2MeSADP, adenosine or N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine statistically increased TSP-1 expression, suggesting that ATP-induced N-cadherin expression is mediated by both P2Y and P2X receptors while ATP-induced TSP-1 expression is mediated by P2Y receptors. Using various protein kinase pathway inhibitors, I found that the ATP-induced N-cadherin expression involves both extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B/Akt. However, other signaling pathways may also be involved since inhibition of both ERK and Akt did not completely block the ATP-induced N-cadherin expression. I found that ERK, Akt, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase/stress activated-protein kinase were all involved in the ATP-induced TSP-1 expression, particularly p38/MAPK and Akt. Using an in vitro model of CNS mechanical injury, N-cadherin and TSP-1 expressions increased in a time-dependent manner after mechanical strain. Injury-induced TSP-1 expression involves P2 receptor activation since PPADS was able to block the injury-induced TSP-1 expression. In vivo studies with moderate traumatic brain injury showed that the expression of various P2 receptors changes with injury, particularly P2X 1 and P2X7 with increased mRNA but decreased protein levels. I have identified the signaling mechanisms involved in regulating N-cadherin and TSP-1 expression in rat astrocytes. These studies suggest that purinergic signaling may be an important factor in N-cadherin and TSP-1 mediated cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions such as occur during development and after CNS injury.
International Journal of Electronics, Apr 23, 2007
The fluid equations for an electron beam are used to calculate the equilibrium velocity and densi... more The fluid equations for an electron beam are used to calculate the equilibrium velocity and density profiles, limiting current and space-charge wave properties of an annular beam undergoing magnetic compression in a gyrotron beam tunnel. Both non-relativistic and relativistic equations are derived. The beam tunnel may have a conventional smooth wall or an absorbing dielectric-loaded wall. Small values of magnetic compression are seen to have large effect on the profiles and the current limit of a given tunnel. Common dielectric-loaded tunnels are also seen to reduce the limiting current by 5%-20%. Limiting current data for a wide range of beam parameters are shown. The dispersion relation for a convective instability arising from the gradient in the equilibrium potential depression profiles is derived using the linearized fluid equations. The growth rate is seen to increase for increasing current and pitch angle, and for increasing wall effects of an absorbing tunnel. The average growth rate is calculated for a typical gyrotron beam and beam tunnel as well as for a beam entering an interaction cavity. Growth rates for all values of ks are seen to decrease to zero for a conventional conducting beam tunnel in a constant magnetic field.
The onset of chaotic ion dynamics in electrostatic waves is investigated in a linear magnetized p... more The onset of chaotic ion dynamics in electrostatic waves is investigated in a linear magnetized plasma. The existence of a threshold for heating in agreement with the predictions of single particle Hamiltonian theories and the fast time scale for velocity space diffusion are observed in the experiment. Measurements of test-particle dynamics indicate an exponential separation of initially close ion trajectories for amplitudes above the heating threshold. Ion orbits in the different wave-particle interaction regimes are inferred using an optical tagging diagnostic method, which provides the two point correlation function in phase space.
This PhD research aims to understand the influence of consumers' experiences in 3D virtual w... more This PhD research aims to understand the influence of consumers' experiences in 3D virtual worlds on their perceptions and expectations of 2D e-commerce websites. Interviews are being conducted with consumers who have shopping experiences in 3D and 2D environments. The contribution of this research will be an understanding of user needs in e-commerce environments. This understanding will be applied to develop e-commerce design guidelines in both 2D and 3D e-commerce environments.
2011 3rd International Asia Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar, 2011
Abstract In the studied watershed, the land-use is complex, the cloud cover is frequent, and the ... more Abstract In the studied watershed, the land-use is complex, the cloud cover is frequent, and the medium resolution of optical images (LANDSAT, SPOT) make rice detection a challenge. To solve these problems, polarimetric radar data was used from RADARSAT-2 (C-Band). ...
Proceedings of the 2008 Conference on Future Play Research Play Share, Nov 3, 2008
... They are curious and eager to acquire knowledge beyond what is required. The second factor in... more ... They are curious and eager to acquire knowledge beyond what is required. The second factor influence collaboration is the iterative development process because it demands frequent meetings and evaluation of work. The game product goes through changes almost daily. ...
Proceedings of 32nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 1993
One of the main advantages of active vehicle suspensions (with respect to conventional passive) i... more One of the main advantages of active vehicle suspensions (with respect to conventional passive) is that they can adapt to different road, speed and handling conditions. The present study proposes one approach towards a gain scheduling technique based on the estimated road profiles and optimal control laws developed previously. The effectiveness of the approach is illustrated through simulation results with
Oxygen free radicals (OFR) are implicated in the pathogenesis of stress, chemically induced gastr... more Oxygen free radicals (OFR) are implicated in the pathogenesis of stress, chemically induced gastric lesions, and gastrointestinal injury. The concentration-dependent scavenging abilities of bismuth subsalicylate (SBS), colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS), and selected OFR scavengers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, mannitol, and allopurinol were examined against biochemically or chemically generated superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, and hypochlorite radical plus hypochlorous acid based on a chemiluminescence assay. Furthermore, both gastric (GM) and intestinal mucosa (IM) were individually exposed in vitro to these free radical generating systems, and the concentration-dependent protective abilities of SBS and CBS against lipid peroxidation (LP) were compared with selected OFR scavengers. In addition, 24-hr fasted rats were orally treated with the necrotizing agents 0.6 M HCl, 0.2 M NaOH, 80% ethanol, and aspirin (200 mg/kg). The extent of tissue injury in the GM an...
Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Feb 3, 2015
The PI program was established in 1994 in response to the MTA inspector general's research (... more The PI program was established in 1994 in response to the MTA inspector general's research (1) recommending the need for mea-sures of service reliability other than the traditional terminal on-time performance (OTP). Extensive research was conducted to under-stand transit ...
Proceedings of the 2007 Conference on Future Play, Nov 14, 2007
Abstract We propose a methodological framework for game analysis that uses the notion of&... more Abstract We propose a methodological framework for game analysis that uses the notion of'scripting'as the basis for game interpretation and design. Drawing upon several disciplines and domains, this paper provides a template for critical analysis by outlining seven forms of scripting at work in games, and how these scripts either complement or compete with each other in various types of games. This system of analysis not only comprises the different technical, social or cognitive scripts that operate within the various ...
Purinergic regulation of N-cadherin and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), molecules produced by astrocyte... more Purinergic regulation of N-cadherin and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), molecules produced by astrocytes that are involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, is unknown. I used primary cultures of rat cortical astrocytes to study the effects of purinergic signaling on the expression of N-cadherin and TSP-1. N-cadherin and TSP-1 protein expression increased in a time- and concentration-dependent manner with extracellular ATP. Cultures treated with a P1 antagonist, 8-(p-sulfophenyl)-theophylline, or P2 antagonists, reactive blue 2 or pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2'-4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS), showed reduced ATP-induced expression of N-cadherin and TSP-1, suggesting P1 and P2 receptors involvement in the regulation of N-cadherin and TSP-1 expression. However, agonists studies showed that UTP and 3'-O-(4-benzoyl)benzoyl-ATP (BzATP), but not 2-methylthioADP (2MeSADP), adenosine, and N6-cyclopentyladenosine, statistically increased N-cadherin expression, while UTP but not BzATP, 2MeSADP, adenosine or N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine statistically increased TSP-1 expression, suggesting that ATP-induced N-cadherin expression is mediated by both P2Y and P2X receptors while ATP-induced TSP-1 expression is mediated by P2Y receptors. Using various protein kinase pathway inhibitors, I found that the ATP-induced N-cadherin expression involves both extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B/Akt. However, other signaling pathways may also be involved since inhibition of both ERK and Akt did not completely block the ATP-induced N-cadherin expression. I found that ERK, Akt, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase/stress activated-protein kinase were all involved in the ATP-induced TSP-1 expression, particularly p38/MAPK and Akt. Using an in vitro model of CNS mechanical injury, N-cadherin and TSP-1 expressions increased in a time-dependent manner after mechanical strain. Injury-induced TSP-1 expression involves P2 receptor activation since PPADS was able to block the injury-induced TSP-1 expression. In vivo studies with moderate traumatic brain injury showed that the expression of various P2 receptors changes with injury, particularly P2X 1 and P2X7 with increased mRNA but decreased protein levels. I have identified the signaling mechanisms involved in regulating N-cadherin and TSP-1 expression in rat astrocytes. These studies suggest that purinergic signaling may be an important factor in N-cadherin and TSP-1 mediated cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions such as occur during development and after CNS injury.
International Journal of Electronics, Apr 23, 2007
The fluid equations for an electron beam are used to calculate the equilibrium velocity and densi... more The fluid equations for an electron beam are used to calculate the equilibrium velocity and density profiles, limiting current and space-charge wave properties of an annular beam undergoing magnetic compression in a gyrotron beam tunnel. Both non-relativistic and relativistic equations are derived. The beam tunnel may have a conventional smooth wall or an absorbing dielectric-loaded wall. Small values of magnetic compression are seen to have large effect on the profiles and the current limit of a given tunnel. Common dielectric-loaded tunnels are also seen to reduce the limiting current by 5%-20%. Limiting current data for a wide range of beam parameters are shown. The dispersion relation for a convective instability arising from the gradient in the equilibrium potential depression profiles is derived using the linearized fluid equations. The growth rate is seen to increase for increasing current and pitch angle, and for increasing wall effects of an absorbing tunnel. The average growth rate is calculated for a typical gyrotron beam and beam tunnel as well as for a beam entering an interaction cavity. Growth rates for all values of ks are seen to decrease to zero for a conventional conducting beam tunnel in a constant magnetic field.
The onset of chaotic ion dynamics in electrostatic waves is investigated in a linear magnetized p... more The onset of chaotic ion dynamics in electrostatic waves is investigated in a linear magnetized plasma. The existence of a threshold for heating in agreement with the predictions of single particle Hamiltonian theories and the fast time scale for velocity space diffusion are observed in the experiment. Measurements of test-particle dynamics indicate an exponential separation of initially close ion trajectories for amplitudes above the heating threshold. Ion orbits in the different wave-particle interaction regimes are inferred using an optical tagging diagnostic method, which provides the two point correlation function in phase space.
This PhD research aims to understand the influence of consumers' experiences in 3D virtual w... more This PhD research aims to understand the influence of consumers' experiences in 3D virtual worlds on their perceptions and expectations of 2D e-commerce websites. Interviews are being conducted with consumers who have shopping experiences in 3D and 2D environments. The contribution of this research will be an understanding of user needs in e-commerce environments. This understanding will be applied to develop e-commerce design guidelines in both 2D and 3D e-commerce environments.
2011 3rd International Asia Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar, 2011
Abstract In the studied watershed, the land-use is complex, the cloud cover is frequent, and the ... more Abstract In the studied watershed, the land-use is complex, the cloud cover is frequent, and the medium resolution of optical images (LANDSAT, SPOT) make rice detection a challenge. To solve these problems, polarimetric radar data was used from RADARSAT-2 (C-Band). ...
Proceedings of the 2008 Conference on Future Play Research Play Share, Nov 3, 2008
... They are curious and eager to acquire knowledge beyond what is required. The second factor in... more ... They are curious and eager to acquire knowledge beyond what is required. The second factor influence collaboration is the iterative development process because it demands frequent meetings and evaluation of work. The game product goes through changes almost daily. ...
Proceedings of 32nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 1993
One of the main advantages of active vehicle suspensions (with respect to conventional passive) i... more One of the main advantages of active vehicle suspensions (with respect to conventional passive) is that they can adapt to different road, speed and handling conditions. The present study proposes one approach towards a gain scheduling technique based on the estimated road profiles and optimal control laws developed previously. The effectiveness of the approach is illustrated through simulation results with
Oxygen free radicals (OFR) are implicated in the pathogenesis of stress, chemically induced gastr... more Oxygen free radicals (OFR) are implicated in the pathogenesis of stress, chemically induced gastric lesions, and gastrointestinal injury. The concentration-dependent scavenging abilities of bismuth subsalicylate (SBS), colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS), and selected OFR scavengers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, mannitol, and allopurinol were examined against biochemically or chemically generated superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, and hypochlorite radical plus hypochlorous acid based on a chemiluminescence assay. Furthermore, both gastric (GM) and intestinal mucosa (IM) were individually exposed in vitro to these free radical generating systems, and the concentration-dependent protective abilities of SBS and CBS against lipid peroxidation (LP) were compared with selected OFR scavengers. In addition, 24-hr fasted rats were orally treated with the necrotizing agents 0.6 M HCl, 0.2 M NaOH, 80% ethanol, and aspirin (200 mg/kg). The extent of tissue injury in the GM an...
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