This paper aims to select the optimum inverter size for large-scale PV power plants grid-connected based on the optimum combination between PV array and inverter, among several possible combinations. Inverters used in this proposed... more
This paper aims to select the optimum inverter size for large-scale PV power plants grid-connected based on the optimum combination between PV array and inverter, among several possible combinations. Inverters used in this proposed methodology have high-efficiency conversion in the range of 98.5% which is largely used in real large-scale PV power plants to increase the financial benefits by injecting maximum energy into the grid. To investigate the PV array-inverter sizing ratio, many PV power plants rated power are considered. The proposed method is based on the modelling of several parts of the PV power plant taking into account many design variables and constraints. The objective function is the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and the optimization is performed by a multi-verse algorithm. The optimization method results in an optimum inverter size that depends on the PV plant rated capacity by providing an optimum number of inverters required in the installation site. The optimum ...
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This paper aims to assess the impact of different key factors on the optimized design and performance of grid connected photovoltaic (PV) power plants, as such key factors can lead to re-design the PV plant and affect its optimum... more
This paper aims to assess the impact of different key factors on the optimized design and performance of grid connected photovoltaic (PV) power plants, as such key factors can lead to re-design the PV plant and affect its optimum performance. The impact on the optimized design and performance of the PV plant is achieved by considering each factor individually. A comprehensive analysis is conducted on nine factors such as; three objectives are predefined, five recent optimization approaches, three different locations around the world, changes in solar irradiance, ambient temperature, and wind speed levels, variation in the available area, PV module type and inverters size. The performance of the PV plant is evaluated for each factor based on five performance parameters such as; energy yield, sizing ratio, performance ratio, ground cover ratio, and energy losses. The results show that the geographic location, a change in meteorological conditions levels, and an increase or decrease in...
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This paper presents the development of a dynamic equivalent model for a Distribution Network Cell (DNC) based on the UK 11kV distribution system. In a new and innovative approach, the methodology utilises the k-means clustering procedure... more
This paper presents the development of a dynamic equivalent model for a Distribution Network Cell (DNC) based on the UK 11kV distribution system. In a new and innovative approach, the methodology utilises the k-means clustering procedure to approximate the input and output dynamic responses of the network. By grouping together similar dynamic responses, the developed methodology is able to significantly redu ce the computation time required to approximate the dynamic response of the network. The accuracy of the procedure is quantified by analysing the deviation of the true r esponse from the approximated cluster centre. The computational efficiency of the approach is compared against para meter estimation without clustering, and the resulting approximation errors and computational improvements highlighted.
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This paper proposes a new method namely Competitive over Resources (COR) optimization algorithm to solve the economy load dispatch (ELD) problem which has the ability to search for a global optimum by considering the operating constraints... more
This paper proposes a new method namely Competitive over Resources (COR) optimization algorithm to solve the economy load dispatch (ELD) problem which has the ability to search for a global optimum by considering the operating constraints of the generating units. Similar to many of the recent heuristic optimization techniques based on the behavior of physical or biological systems in nature, the proposed COR optimization method is generally a new evolutionary algorithm inspired by animal behavior competing to finding food resources. In natural competition, the animal in any group will search for the area with abundant food sources. The group that succeeds in locating the abundant food supply experiences an increase in the population and thus exhibits fast convergence toward optimal results. In order to evaluate the performance of the COR algorithm, two standard ELD test systems with considerable constraints have been tested and compared with other published ELD problem using basic h...
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Photovoltaic (PV) technology has become increasingly an important source of energy. In PV systems, the inverter is a crucial device. Hence, it can be employed in different structures to build the PV plant and to improve the system... more
Photovoltaic (PV) technology has become increasingly an important source of energy. In PV systems, the inverter is a crucial device. Hence, it can be employed in different structures to build the PV plant and to improve the system performance. In this paper, the minimum Levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) is computed by the proposed optimization procedure for comparison purpose between the most used topologies for PV plants, central and string structures. Two cases with a nominal power limit of 100 kWp and, no power limit using all PV plant area are considered. As a result, PV plant using central layout presents the lowest LCOE with limited nominal power and with no limit compared to string mode. Additionally, the sensitivity analysis proves that by increasing the inverter efficiency, the PV plant LCOE decreases.
The electric power industry sector has become increasingly aware of how counterproductive voltage sag affects distribution network systems (DNS). The voltage sag backfires disastrously at the demand load side and affects equipment in DNS.... more
The electric power industry sector has become increasingly aware of how counterproductive voltage sag affects distribution network systems (DNS). The voltage sag backfires disastrously at the demand load side and affects equipment in DNS. To settle the voltage sag issue, this paper achieved its primary purpose to mitigate the voltage sag based on integrating a hydrogen fuel cell (HFC) with the DNS using a distribution static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM) system. Besides, this paper discusses the challenges and opportunities of D-STATCOM in DNS. In this paper, using HFC is well-designed, modeled, and simulated to mitigate the voltage sag in DNS with a positive impact on the environment and an immediate response to the issue of the injection of voltage. Furthermore, this modeling and controller are particularly suitable in terms of cost-effectiveness as well as reliability based on the adaptive network fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), fuzzy logic system (FLC), and proportional–in...
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Today, the worldwide public interest in reducing power quality issues and greenhouse gas emissions is a key driver to study fuel cells (FCs) connected to distribution network systems (DNs) based on distributed flexible alternating-current... more
Today, the worldwide public interest in reducing power quality issues and greenhouse gas emissions is a key driver to study fuel cells (FCs) connected to distribution network systems (DNs) based on distributed flexible alternating-current transmission systems (D-FACTS). DNs will need to develop a better performance on Power Quality (PQ) while providing a more efficient energy technology. This study reviewed in-depth the interface of DN to FC systems. By focusing on the FC interface and the associated technical challenges, this review may help reduce the risk of DNs, minimizing the consumption of fossil fuels for power generation, lowering the emission of hazardous gases while dramatically increasing electrical power loads, improving PQ and stability. Besides, the study deliberated aspects of FC power technology with DNs interfacing based on D-FACTS. Specifically, the discussion encompassed the configuration structures of FC power technology and DNs connection based on D-FACTS, techn...
This paper aims to select the optimum inverter size for large-scale PV power plants grid-connected based on the optimum combination between PV array and inverter, among several possible combinations. Inverters used in this proposed... more
This paper aims to select the optimum inverter size for large-scale PV power plants grid-connected based on the optimum combination between PV array and inverter, among several possible combinations. Inverters used in this proposed methodology have high-efficiency conversion in the range of 98.5% which is largely used in real large-scale PV power plants to increase the financial benefits by injecting maximum energy into the grid. To investigate the PV array-inverter sizing ratio, many PV power plants rated power are considered. The proposed method is based on the modelling of several parts of the PV power plant taking into account many design variables and constraints. The objective function is the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and the optimization is performed by a multi-verse algorithm. The optimization method results in an optimum inverter size that depends on the PV plant rated capacity by providing an optimum number of inverters required in the installation site. The optimum ...
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This paper focused on studying an algorithm of earth fault location in the medium voltage distribution network. In power system network, most of the earth fault occurs is a single line to ground fault. A medium voltage distribution... more
This paper focused on studying an algorithm of earth fault location in the medium voltage distribution network. In power system network, most of the earth fault occurs is a single line to ground fault. A medium voltage distribution network with resistance earthing at the main substation and an earth fault attached along the distribution network is modeled in ATP Draw. The generated earth fault is simulated, and the voltage and current signal produced is recorded. The earth fault location algorithm is simulated and tested in MATLAB. The accuracy of the earth fault location algorithm is tested at several locations and fault resistances. A possible correction technique is explained to minimize the error. The results show an improvement fault location distance estimation with minimum error.
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Considering the recent drop (up to 86%) in photovoltaic (PV) module prices from 2010 to 2017, many countries have shown interest in investing in PV plants to meet their energy demand. In this study, a detailed design methodology is... more
Considering the recent drop (up to 86%) in photovoltaic (PV) module prices from 2010 to 2017, many countries have shown interest in investing in PV plants to meet their energy demand. In this study, a detailed design methodology is presented to achieve high benefits with low installation, maintenance and operation costs of PV plants. This procedure includes in detail the semi-hourly average time meteorological data from the location to maximise the accuracy and detailed characteristics of different PV modules and inverters. The minimum levelised cost of energy (LCOE) and maximum annual energy are the objective functions in this proposed procedure, whereas the design variables are the number of series and parallel PV modules, the number of PV module lines per row, tilt angle and orientation, inter-row space, PV module type, and inverter structure. The design problem was solved using a recent hybrid algorithm, namely, the grey wolf optimiser-sine cosine algorithm. The high performance...
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This research compares the performance of Competitive Over Resources (COR) optimisation method using a different type of constraint handling strategy to solve the economic load dispatch (ELD) problem. Previously, most research focused on... more
This research compares the performance of Competitive Over Resources (COR) optimisation method using a different type of constraint handling strategy to solve the economic load dispatch (ELD) problem. Previously, most research focused on proposing various optimisation techniques using the Penalty Factor Strategy (PFS) to search for a better global optimum. The issue using the penalty factor is that it is difficult to find the correct tune of constant value that influences the algorithm to find the solution. The other technique is using Feasible Solution Strategy (FSS), the idea of which is to locate the infeasible particle to the feasible solution and avoid being trapped by the unsuccessful condition of constraint. This paper investigates the performance of PFS and FSS on the COR optimisation method for solving ELD. Both strategies have been tested on two standard test systems to compare the performance in terms of a global solution, robustness and convergence. The simulation shows ...
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One of the growing needs in transmission planning is to provide accurate sim-ulation models of the generator, excitation system, and governor; however, the degree of accuracy of the generator model is often questioned because model... more
One of the growing needs in transmission planning is to provide accurate sim-ulation models of the generator, excitation system, and governor; however, the degree of accuracy of the generator model is often questioned because model pa-rameters currently used may have ...
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ABSTRACT The paper presents detail parameter identification procedure and validation of dynamic equivalent model of Distributed Network Cell (DNC) developed based on grey-box approach. The aim is to demonstrate that the equivalent model... more
ABSTRACT The paper presents detail parameter identification procedure and validation of dynamic equivalent model of Distributed Network Cell (DNC) developed based on grey-box approach. The aim is to demonstrate that the equivalent model based on grey-box approach has the potential to significantly improve the modelling capabilities and model accuracy compared to the black-box modelling. The equivalent model consists of a converter-connected generator and a composite load model in parallel. It is presented in six-order nonlinear state space form. The model is evaluated by comparing the responses of case study DNC obtained using non linear simulations in DigSILENT and those obtained by the model.
ABSTRACT The paper presents the modeling of Distributed Network Cell (DNC) based on grey-box approach. The equivalent model of DNC comprises of a converter-connected generator and a composite load model in parallel. The detail development... more
ABSTRACT The paper presents the modeling of Distributed Network Cell (DNC) based on grey-box approach. The equivalent model of DNC comprises of a converter-connected generator and a composite load model in parallel. The detail development of the equivalent model is described in this paper. The grey-box approach is chosen based on the fact that it offers possibility to incorporate some prior knowledge about DNC structure into model development, make developed model more physically relevant and intuitive compared to black box model and potentially improve the accuracy of the model. The dynamic equivalent model is presented in the form of sixth-order nonlinear state space format and developed from the algebraic and differential equations describing assumed typical components of DNC.
The aim of this project is to develop parameter estimation for dynamic model of distribution network cell (DNC) using fuzzy system. The parameter value was updated through adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The active and... more
The aim of this project is to develop parameter estimation for dynamic model of distribution network cell (DNC) using fuzzy system. The parameter value was updated through adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The active and reactive power responses from the fuzzy model were compared with the response from the full DNC model at various types of disturbances. The response of full DNC model was obtained from the UK 11 kV distribution network model. The model was built in DigSILENT PowerFactory software. The results obtained shown that the fuzzy model was more simple as only a few parameters involved in developing the equivalent model. This simplicity was reflected in the low computational time. In conclusion, the parameter estimation using fuzzy system was successfully developed.
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This paper presents the development of a dynamic equivalent model for a Distribution Network Cell (DNC) based on the UK 11kV distribution system. In a new and innovative approach, the methodology utilises the k-means clustering procedure... more
This paper presents the development of a dynamic equivalent model for a Distribution Network Cell (DNC) based on the UK 11kV distribution system. In a new and innovative approach, the methodology utilises the k-means clustering procedure to approximate the input and output dynamic responses of the network. By grouping together similar dynamic responses, the developed methodology is able to significantly reduce the computation time required to approximate the dynamic response of the network. The accuracy of the procedure is quantified by analysing the deviation of the true response from the approximated cluster centre. The computational efficiency of the approach is compared against parameter estimation without clustering, and the resulting approximation errors and computational improvements highlighted.
Abstract The accuracy of synchronous machine parameters is one of the crucial factors in correctly simulating power system dynamic events. This paper describes a technique for deriving synchronous machine parameters in which the... more
Abstract The accuracy of synchronous machine parameters is one of the crucial factors in correctly simulating power system dynamic events. This paper describes a technique for deriving synchronous machine parameters in which the implementation of the technique is automated in Matlab. A procedure for estimating the synchronous machine parameters is also proposed in which the method uses a gradient-based simulation to estimate the parameters. An example of the proposed method is then demonstrated to show the ...
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ABSTRACT The aim of this project is to develop a dynamic model of distribution network cell (DNC) using artificial intelligence approach. The increasing number of distributed generation (DG) technology has lead to difficulty in modeling... more
ABSTRACT The aim of this project is to develop a dynamic model of distribution network cell (DNC) using artificial intelligence approach. The increasing number of distributed generation (DG) technology has lead to difficulty in modeling the DNC model. The simple load modeling is no longer reliable in presenting the DNC model. In this project, the equivalent dynamic model of DNC consists of the converter-connected generator and the composite load model. The model was developed in the form of seven order state-space model. The parameter estimation of the model was developed using fuzzy system. The parameter value was updated through adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The active and reactive power response from the fuzzy model was compared with the response from the full DNC model at various type of disturbance. The response of full DNC model was obtained from the UK 11 kV distribution network model. The model was built in DigSILENT PowerFactory software. The performance of the fuzzy model was validated by calculating the value of root means square error (RMSE) and the best fit value. Later, the performance of the fuzzy model was also compare with the system identification model. The results obtained shown that the fuzzy model was more simple as only a few parameters involved in developing the equivalent model. This simplicity was reflected in the low computational time. The efficiency was also good based on the low RMSE value and high best fit value. In conclusion, the equivalent dynamic model of DNC based on fuzzy system approach was successfully developed.
ABSTRACT The paper presents initial results in development of dynamic equivalent model of Distributed Network Cell (DNC) comprising various types of loads and distributed energy resources. The method used for development of the model is... more
ABSTRACT The paper presents initial results in development of dynamic equivalent model of Distributed Network Cell (DNC) comprising various types of loads and distributed energy resources. The method used for development of the model is based on Prony analysis and Nonlinear least square optimization. The dynamic equivalent model is developed in MATLAB based on simulated measurement data of DNC. The model is given in the form of an equivalent second order transfer function that can be used in dynamic stability studies. The model estimation procedure is evaluated on a case study and the initial simulation results show very good performance of the proposed dynamic equivalent model.
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ABSTRACT This paper presents the development of the dynamic equivalent model of an active distributed network (ADN) based on the grey-box approach. The equivalent model of an ADN comprises a converter-connected generator and a composite... more
ABSTRACT This paper presents the development of the dynamic equivalent model of an active distributed network (ADN) based on the grey-box approach. The equivalent model of an ADN comprises a converter-connected generator and a composite load model in parallel. The grey-box approach was chosen for model development as it incorporates prior knowledge about the ADN structure into the model, makes the model more physically relevant and intuitive than black-box or white-box models, and potentially improves the accuracy of the model. The dynamic equivalent model is presented in the seventh-order nonlinear state space format. It was initially loosely developed from the algebraic and differential equations describing assumed typical components of an ADN. Various static load models, dynamic load compositions, fault locations and a diverse range of distributed generation types and scenarios are considered in order to establish the generic range of model parameters for an ADN. The model is intended for the use in large power system stability studies.
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ABSTRACT Paper presents an equivalent model of an active distribution network cell (ADNC) with distributed generation for transmission system stability studies. The equivalent model of ADNC comprises a converter-connected generator and a... more
ABSTRACT Paper presents an equivalent model of an active distribution network cell (ADNC) with distributed generation for transmission system stability studies. The equivalent model of ADNC comprises a converter-connected generator and a composite load model in parallel. The gray-box approach was chosen as it enables inclusion of prior knowledge about the ADNC structure into the model development, hence making the model more physically relevant and intuitive than a black-box or white-box model. The dynamic equivalent model is presented in a seventh-order nonlinear quasi state space format, developed from the algebraic and differential equations describing assumed typical components of the ADNC. The developed equivalent model of ADNC was validated through small and large disturbance studies using the modified IEEE nine-bus transmission system model.
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One of the growing needs in transmission planning is to provide accurate sim-ulation models of the generator, excitation system, and governor; however, the degree of accuracy of the generator model is often questioned because model... more
One of the growing needs in transmission planning is to provide accurate sim-ulation models of the generator, excitation system, and governor; however, the degree of accuracy of the generator model is often questioned because model pa-rameters currently used may have ...