DSO, being responsible of the distribution grid, manages the network and distribution substations... more DSO, being responsible of the distribution grid, manages the network and distribution substations through its DMS (Distribution Management System) and SCADA HMI. DSO has to resolve local issues and network constraints on its own, and can benefit from the use of a VPP framework to give flexibility. The paper presents a platform where IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Devices) at the distribution substation and the VPP communicate via IEC 61850 standard. The platform emerges with the increased flexibility to DSO for ancillary services. For the demonstration, the paper presents a model of VPP, with a pilot test-case. The paper then models a distribution substation, and a use-case for ancillary services which is validated for flexibility provision. Finally, the regulatory barriers are discussed for the deployment, and the possible solutions are indicated.
The increased penetration of distributed energy resources opens up issues in power system as a wh... more The increased penetration of distributed energy resources opens up issues in power system as a whole. This creates markets opportunities for ancillary services; particularly TSO deals with the issues of congestion management, reserves, reactive power control etc. Literature suggests different techniques where TSO and DSO interact with each other, and in this way, DSO can offer flexibility to TSO in terms of provision of ancillary services. The paper discusses the issues that the current power system face due to the profound effects of new generating resources, and then examines in detail the way these issues are resolved in a conventional manner. Then, the paper discusses some literature proposals for the interaction between TSO-DSO for solving the issues in an efficient manner, and finally presents the architecture where a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) is developed to facilitate DSO with a platform for the provision of ancillary services.
2020 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2020 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), 2020
PhotoVoltaic (PV) plants can provide important economic and environmental benefits to electric sy... more PhotoVoltaic (PV) plants can provide important economic and environmental benefits to electric systems. On the other hand, the variability of the solar source leads to technical challenges in grid management as PV penetration rates increase continuously. For this reason, PV power forecasting represents a crucial tool for uncertainty management to ensure system stability. In this paper, a novel hybrid methodology for the PV forecasting is presented. The proposed approach can exploit clear-sky models or an ensemble of artificial neural networks, according to day-ahead weather forecast. In particular, the selection among these techniques is performed through a decision tree approach, which is designed to choose the best method among those aforementioned. The presented methodology has been validated on a real PV plant with very promising results.
Reactive power provision is a vital ancillary service, which provides opportunities to service ma... more Reactive power provision is a vital ancillary service, which provides opportunities to service market and power generators. The net reactive power in a balanced power grid needs to be zero, and the imbalance occurs due to the capacitive and inductive behavior of the extensive transmission lines, and because of the intermittent behavior of load-demand. This mismanagement in reactive power causes voltage instability, and hence the paper compares the most common reactive power compensation techniques, which are prevalent in both literature and commercial levels. The paper perceives the trade-off between the compared techniques, and realizes to use the aggregation of different techniques to present a coordinated control mechanism that complies with the Italian regulations. The parameters for the proposed aggregation include the amount of reactive power, real power losses during reactive power provision, and response time. The paper then implements IEEE 9 bus transmission-generation syst...
3rd Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG 2014), 2014
Hierarchical automatic voltage regulation is implemented in several power systems using the react... more Hierarchical automatic voltage regulation is implemented in several power systems using the reactive power capabilities of controlled alternators in transmission networks. With the introduction of power plants based on Renewable Energy Sources (RES), in the transmission network there are new possible participants to the voltage regulation which replace in part the traditional large alternators. The paper reviews the actual situation in Italy for the participation of renewable power plants to the transmission network voltage regulation.
2012 3rd IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT Europe), 2012
ABSTRACT The integration of larger and larger amounts of wind power is a major target of the Euro... more ABSTRACT The integration of larger and larger amounts of wind power is a major target of the European Union, however it represents a challenge for power system planning and operation. The paper proposes an analytical method to perform probabilistic load flow on multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) networks to integrate large amounts of power generated by remote offshore wind farms into the continental AC bulk power system. The methodology considers the peculiar controls envisaged for the converters interfaced with AC onshore system, and it is based on the linearization of the load flow equations for DC networks and on the method of cumulants (already used for probabilistic load flow applications in AC grids). Results of the proposed method applied to a sample meshed MTDC network are presented and discussed.
DSO, being responsible of the distribution grid, manages the network and distribution substations... more DSO, being responsible of the distribution grid, manages the network and distribution substations through its DMS (Distribution Management System) and SCADA HMI. DSO has to resolve local issues and network constraints on its own, and can benefit from the use of a VPP framework to give flexibility. The paper presents a platform where IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Devices) at the distribution substation and the VPP communicate via IEC 61850 standard. The platform emerges with the increased flexibility to DSO for ancillary services. For the demonstration, the paper presents a model of VPP, with a pilot test-case. The paper then models a distribution substation, and a use-case for ancillary services which is validated for flexibility provision. Finally, the regulatory barriers are discussed for the deployment, and the possible solutions are indicated.
The increased penetration of distributed energy resources opens up issues in power system as a wh... more The increased penetration of distributed energy resources opens up issues in power system as a whole. This creates markets opportunities for ancillary services; particularly TSO deals with the issues of congestion management, reserves, reactive power control etc. Literature suggests different techniques where TSO and DSO interact with each other, and in this way, DSO can offer flexibility to TSO in terms of provision of ancillary services. The paper discusses the issues that the current power system face due to the profound effects of new generating resources, and then examines in detail the way these issues are resolved in a conventional manner. Then, the paper discusses some literature proposals for the interaction between TSO-DSO for solving the issues in an efficient manner, and finally presents the architecture where a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) is developed to facilitate DSO with a platform for the provision of ancillary services.
2020 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2020 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), 2020
PhotoVoltaic (PV) plants can provide important economic and environmental benefits to electric sy... more PhotoVoltaic (PV) plants can provide important economic and environmental benefits to electric systems. On the other hand, the variability of the solar source leads to technical challenges in grid management as PV penetration rates increase continuously. For this reason, PV power forecasting represents a crucial tool for uncertainty management to ensure system stability. In this paper, a novel hybrid methodology for the PV forecasting is presented. The proposed approach can exploit clear-sky models or an ensemble of artificial neural networks, according to day-ahead weather forecast. In particular, the selection among these techniques is performed through a decision tree approach, which is designed to choose the best method among those aforementioned. The presented methodology has been validated on a real PV plant with very promising results.
Reactive power provision is a vital ancillary service, which provides opportunities to service ma... more Reactive power provision is a vital ancillary service, which provides opportunities to service market and power generators. The net reactive power in a balanced power grid needs to be zero, and the imbalance occurs due to the capacitive and inductive behavior of the extensive transmission lines, and because of the intermittent behavior of load-demand. This mismanagement in reactive power causes voltage instability, and hence the paper compares the most common reactive power compensation techniques, which are prevalent in both literature and commercial levels. The paper perceives the trade-off between the compared techniques, and realizes to use the aggregation of different techniques to present a coordinated control mechanism that complies with the Italian regulations. The parameters for the proposed aggregation include the amount of reactive power, real power losses during reactive power provision, and response time. The paper then implements IEEE 9 bus transmission-generation syst...
3rd Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG 2014), 2014
Hierarchical automatic voltage regulation is implemented in several power systems using the react... more Hierarchical automatic voltage regulation is implemented in several power systems using the reactive power capabilities of controlled alternators in transmission networks. With the introduction of power plants based on Renewable Energy Sources (RES), in the transmission network there are new possible participants to the voltage regulation which replace in part the traditional large alternators. The paper reviews the actual situation in Italy for the participation of renewable power plants to the transmission network voltage regulation.
2012 3rd IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT Europe), 2012
ABSTRACT The integration of larger and larger amounts of wind power is a major target of the Euro... more ABSTRACT The integration of larger and larger amounts of wind power is a major target of the European Union, however it represents a challenge for power system planning and operation. The paper proposes an analytical method to perform probabilistic load flow on multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) networks to integrate large amounts of power generated by remote offshore wind farms into the continental AC bulk power system. The methodology considers the peculiar controls envisaged for the converters interfaced with AC onshore system, and it is based on the linearization of the load flow equations for DC networks and on the method of cumulants (already used for probabilistic load flow applications in AC grids). Results of the proposed method applied to a sample meshed MTDC network are presented and discussed.
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