Despite exercise is recommended as an adjunct to medication therapy in patients with heart failur... more Despite exercise is recommended as an adjunct to medication therapy in patients with heart failure (HF), non-adherence to exercise is a major problem. While improving self-efficacy is an effective way to increase physical activity, the evidence concerning the relationship between strategies to enhance self-efficacy and exercise among HF has not been systematically reviewed. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the effect of interventions to change the self-efficacy on exercise in patients with HF. A systematic database search was conducted for articles reporting exercise self-efficacy interventions. Databases such as PubMed, ProQuest, CINAHL, Scopus, and PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library were searched with restrictions to the years 2000-June 2014. A search of relevant databases identified 10 studies. Published randomized controlled intervention studies focusing strategies to change self-efficacy to exercise adherence in HF were eligible for inclusion. In addition, st...
Aims The high prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and the high risk for diabetes in the general po... more Aims The high prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and the high risk for diabetes in the general population is alarming. In addition, the frequency of coronary artery diseases (CAD) in patients with undiagnosed diabetes is higher than in non-diabetic patients. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of people at risk of diabetes in patients undergoing coronary artery angiography (CAG) in a university referral hospital in Guilan Province, Iran. Methods & Materials In this cross-sectional study, data from 300 non-diabetic patients who were candidates for CAG were collected using a simple sampling method. The risk of developing diabetes was calculated according to American Diabetes Association (ADA) risk score. ADA scores higher than five were considered high risk, and ADA scores equal to 4 and lower than 4 were as moderate and low risk, respectively. Findings The mean age of the study population was 59.44±15.7 years. Most subjects were male (59.3%). Only 24.3% of patients were in ...
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has increased in the Iranian population. Word Health Organ... more Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has increased in the Iranian population. Word Health Organization (WHO) risk score was recently used in Iranian prevention and control of non-communicable disease programs for risk assessment. The purpose of the study was to compare the 10-year cardiovascular risk using atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and WHO risk score. In a cross-sectional study, data from patients with cardiac symptoms without any documents related to CVD were collected from the outpatient clinic. The proportion of subjects with high CVD risk according to ASCVD and WHO risk score and also agreement between two scores was presented. The sensitivity and specificity of ASCVD according to the WHO risk score as a national risk assessment tool were calculated. The study included 284 subjects with a mean age of 53.80 (8.78) years and 68 % of women. The frequency of subjects with high CVD risk based on ASCVD and WHO was 35% and 6%, respectively. The agreement between ...
Considering the anti-atherogenic effects of dietary compounds, development of antiatherosclerotic... more Considering the anti-atherogenic effects of dietary compounds, development of antiatherosclerotic therapy on the basis of natural products has been promoted. Garlic has been used as a therapeutic agent for many illnesses over centuries as evidenced from various studies; however, its role in prevention or regression of atherosclerosis in CAD patients is still questionable. We reviewed all English or face trial studies from 1995 to 2015 on the subject by using from Cochrane, Pubmed, Science direct, Web of Science, Magiran, Scopus, IranMedex, SID. After reading the title and abstract of articles by tow person, 6 trials on the effect of garlic on artery intima-media thickness, was included. Studies have shown that daily intake of 300 900 mg garlic may have beneficial effects on the intima-media thickness in coronary artery disease patients and also in healthy people. Possible mechanisms include inhibiting the progression of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, reduction of intrace...
Background: The present study conducted to evaluate the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors ... more Background: The present study conducted to evaluate the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with osteoarthritis compared to those without osteoarthritis. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a university-affiliated hospital in 2017. Using the convenience sampling method, 100 patients based on their symptoms, physical examination and radiographic findings were selected for the osteoarthritis group, and 100 persons with muscular disease or fracture for the control group. Frequency rates of gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, body mass index, metabolic syndrome and waist circumference were evaluated. Results: Frequency rates of female gender, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome were significantly higher in the osteoarthritis group compared to the group without osteoarthritis (P<0.05). The mean of waist circumference in the osteoarthritis group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Th...
Background and objective: Despite the benefits of methadone and its widespread use in opioid trea... more Background and objective: Despite the benefits of methadone and its widespread use in opioid treatment programs, this drug has various adverse side effects even at therapeutic doses. This study aimed to determine the frequency of long QT intervals in patients treated with methadone with doses lower than 100 mg. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, all the patients between 30-65 years of age admitted for methadone maintenance treatment were enrolled. A matched group of patients with no history of using methadone was included. Screening electrocardiography was performed for all participants at the beginning. Demographic data, drug history, QT interval, and Maximum QTc time were evaluated. The mean QT interval was compared with the defined normal value using the one sample ttest. Also, the mean QT interval based on the methadone dose consumption and other variables was analyzed using t-test or ANOVA statistical tests. P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. ...
BACKGROUND Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery is widely accepted as a revascularizati... more BACKGROUND Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery is widely accepted as a revascularization method for coronary artery disease (CAD). Despite survival benefit and improvement in quality of life, CABG may impose major morbidities and significant complications. Right ventricle (RV) dysfunction is an important complication that may affect patient's longevity and functional capacity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between RV dysfunction and some invisible parameters like inferior vena cava (IVC) size with physical capacity. METHODS In this prospective study, 61 eligible CABG candidates were enrolled and RV function was assessed by echocardiographic parameters before CABG and one week and six months after the procedure, using tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), Tei Index (TI), peak systolic movement (Sm) (cm/s), and IVC size. Functional capacity was assessed by six-minute walk test (6-MWT) 6 months after CABG. RESULTS 58 patients who di...
Background: To determine prevalence of high risk individuals for diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre D... more Background: To determine prevalence of high risk individuals for diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre DM based on American Diabetes Association (ADA) risk score among Iranian people. Methods: Present study was based on 7989 non diabetic subjects aged 35–70 years from 10520 PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study (PGCS) participants. ADA risk score was calculated for every individual through online calculator. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to study diagnostic accuracy of the anthropometric indices for detecting individuals with high risk ADA score for developing DM, represented by area under the curve (AUC).Results: From 7989 study subjects, ADA risk score found 3874 (48.5%) and 19122 (23%) at risk for developing PreDM and DM, respectively. The results of ROC curve analyses showed the highest diagnostic value was related to waist circumference (WC) followed by Body Mass Index (BMI) (0.695 and 0.693, respectively). The cut-points of WC and BMI for identifying high risk people ...
BACKGROUND There has been a change in the risk factor profile of patients with coronary artery di... more BACKGROUND There has been a change in the risk factor profile of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in the western world. We sought to compare the risk factor profile of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in northern part of Iran in 2010 and 2016. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, medical records of 296 CABG patients in 2010 and 500 patients in 2016 were collected from a referral university hospital in Guilan province, Iran. We compared the risk factor profile using chi-square test or independent t-test as needed in the two time points, 2010 and 2016. RESULTS The age of CABG patients significantly decreased from 62.49 ± 8.05 to 58.09 ± 9.20 over time. The frequency of hypertension (HTN) (66.2% vs. 59.1%, P = 0.045), diabetes mellitus (DM) (51.8% vs. 43.6%, P = 0.025), smoking (35.6% vs. 28.0%, P = 0.028), and patients with multimorbidity (31.8% vs. 26.7%, P = 0.001) increased in the second period compared to the first period of study. Whereas,...
Background: An increase in Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) frequency was observed over the past thre... more Background: An increase in Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) frequency was observed over the past three decades in low- and middle income countries, especially in Iran. The purpose of the present study was to review and compare the frequencies of conventional and some non-conventional CVD risk factors between men and women in a tertiary level referral cardiovascular teaching hospital in a six month period in the North of Iran. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using medical databases including conventional risk factors: opium consumption, physical inactivity, high salt diet, and serum vitamin D level. The chi-square and independent t tests were used to assess the differences between groups. Results: A total of 740 (55% women) who had available full medical history data were recruited in the study. Approximately 62% of the participants were older than 45 years with the mean age of 54 (14.2) years old. Percentages of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesit...
Javadzadeh Moghtader A.1 MSc, Salari A.1 MD, Shad B.* MD, Hasandokht T1. MD, Nourisaeed A.1 MSc *... more Javadzadeh Moghtader A.1 MSc, Salari A.1 MD, Shad B.* MD, Hasandokht T1. MD, Nourisaeed A.1 MSc *Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. 1Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Horizon of Medical Sciences Volume 24, Issue 3, Summer 2018 Pages: 231238 Type: Original Research
Introduction: Psychological well-being (PWB) and having a meaningful life play a role in reducing... more Introduction: Psychological well-being (PWB) and having a meaningful life play a role in reducing the incidence and mortality of cardiac disease. The aim of this study is to assess PWB in two groups of people with heart disease and healthy people. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed in two groups of people with heart disease and healthy people referring to a cardiac clinic of Heshmat Hospital in Rasht from Feb to July 2016. Ryff’s PWB and demographic information were completed for all the participants. Average grade of welfare and six subscales both groups were compared using independent t-test. Relevance of well-being score with variables was surveyed using multiple linear regression model. Results: Number of 88 cases entered in the study with the average age of 50.47±15.88 year. Total score was 80.50±10.44 in ill group and 87.66±8.75 in healthy group which was significantly higher in healthy group (P=0.001). The results showed that the score of well-being i...
Despite exercise is recommended as an adjunct to medication therapy in patients with heart failur... more Despite exercise is recommended as an adjunct to medication therapy in patients with heart failure (HF), non-adherence to exercise is a major problem. While improving self-efficacy is an effective way to increase physical activity, the evidence concerning the relationship between strategies to enhance self-efficacy and exercise among HF has not been systematically reviewed. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the effect of interventions to change the self-efficacy on exercise in patients with HF. A systematic database search was conducted for articles reporting exercise self-efficacy interventions. Databases such as PubMed, ProQuest, CINAHL, Scopus, and PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library were searched with restrictions to the years 2000-June 2014. A search of relevant databases identified 10 studies. Published randomized controlled intervention studies focusing strategies to change self-efficacy to exercise adherence in HF were eligible for inclusion. In addition, st...
Aims The high prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and the high risk for diabetes in the general po... more Aims The high prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and the high risk for diabetes in the general population is alarming. In addition, the frequency of coronary artery diseases (CAD) in patients with undiagnosed diabetes is higher than in non-diabetic patients. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of people at risk of diabetes in patients undergoing coronary artery angiography (CAG) in a university referral hospital in Guilan Province, Iran. Methods & Materials In this cross-sectional study, data from 300 non-diabetic patients who were candidates for CAG were collected using a simple sampling method. The risk of developing diabetes was calculated according to American Diabetes Association (ADA) risk score. ADA scores higher than five were considered high risk, and ADA scores equal to 4 and lower than 4 were as moderate and low risk, respectively. Findings The mean age of the study population was 59.44±15.7 years. Most subjects were male (59.3%). Only 24.3% of patients were in ...
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has increased in the Iranian population. Word Health Organ... more Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has increased in the Iranian population. Word Health Organization (WHO) risk score was recently used in Iranian prevention and control of non-communicable disease programs for risk assessment. The purpose of the study was to compare the 10-year cardiovascular risk using atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and WHO risk score. In a cross-sectional study, data from patients with cardiac symptoms without any documents related to CVD were collected from the outpatient clinic. The proportion of subjects with high CVD risk according to ASCVD and WHO risk score and also agreement between two scores was presented. The sensitivity and specificity of ASCVD according to the WHO risk score as a national risk assessment tool were calculated. The study included 284 subjects with a mean age of 53.80 (8.78) years and 68 % of women. The frequency of subjects with high CVD risk based on ASCVD and WHO was 35% and 6%, respectively. The agreement between ...
Considering the anti-atherogenic effects of dietary compounds, development of antiatherosclerotic... more Considering the anti-atherogenic effects of dietary compounds, development of antiatherosclerotic therapy on the basis of natural products has been promoted. Garlic has been used as a therapeutic agent for many illnesses over centuries as evidenced from various studies; however, its role in prevention or regression of atherosclerosis in CAD patients is still questionable. We reviewed all English or face trial studies from 1995 to 2015 on the subject by using from Cochrane, Pubmed, Science direct, Web of Science, Magiran, Scopus, IranMedex, SID. After reading the title and abstract of articles by tow person, 6 trials on the effect of garlic on artery intima-media thickness, was included. Studies have shown that daily intake of 300 900 mg garlic may have beneficial effects on the intima-media thickness in coronary artery disease patients and also in healthy people. Possible mechanisms include inhibiting the progression of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, reduction of intrace...
Background: The present study conducted to evaluate the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors ... more Background: The present study conducted to evaluate the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with osteoarthritis compared to those without osteoarthritis. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a university-affiliated hospital in 2017. Using the convenience sampling method, 100 patients based on their symptoms, physical examination and radiographic findings were selected for the osteoarthritis group, and 100 persons with muscular disease or fracture for the control group. Frequency rates of gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, body mass index, metabolic syndrome and waist circumference were evaluated. Results: Frequency rates of female gender, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome were significantly higher in the osteoarthritis group compared to the group without osteoarthritis (P<0.05). The mean of waist circumference in the osteoarthritis group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Th...
Background and objective: Despite the benefits of methadone and its widespread use in opioid trea... more Background and objective: Despite the benefits of methadone and its widespread use in opioid treatment programs, this drug has various adverse side effects even at therapeutic doses. This study aimed to determine the frequency of long QT intervals in patients treated with methadone with doses lower than 100 mg. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, all the patients between 30-65 years of age admitted for methadone maintenance treatment were enrolled. A matched group of patients with no history of using methadone was included. Screening electrocardiography was performed for all participants at the beginning. Demographic data, drug history, QT interval, and Maximum QTc time were evaluated. The mean QT interval was compared with the defined normal value using the one sample ttest. Also, the mean QT interval based on the methadone dose consumption and other variables was analyzed using t-test or ANOVA statistical tests. P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. ...
BACKGROUND Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery is widely accepted as a revascularizati... more BACKGROUND Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery is widely accepted as a revascularization method for coronary artery disease (CAD). Despite survival benefit and improvement in quality of life, CABG may impose major morbidities and significant complications. Right ventricle (RV) dysfunction is an important complication that may affect patient's longevity and functional capacity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between RV dysfunction and some invisible parameters like inferior vena cava (IVC) size with physical capacity. METHODS In this prospective study, 61 eligible CABG candidates were enrolled and RV function was assessed by echocardiographic parameters before CABG and one week and six months after the procedure, using tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), Tei Index (TI), peak systolic movement (Sm) (cm/s), and IVC size. Functional capacity was assessed by six-minute walk test (6-MWT) 6 months after CABG. RESULTS 58 patients who di...
Background: To determine prevalence of high risk individuals for diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre D... more Background: To determine prevalence of high risk individuals for diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre DM based on American Diabetes Association (ADA) risk score among Iranian people. Methods: Present study was based on 7989 non diabetic subjects aged 35–70 years from 10520 PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study (PGCS) participants. ADA risk score was calculated for every individual through online calculator. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to study diagnostic accuracy of the anthropometric indices for detecting individuals with high risk ADA score for developing DM, represented by area under the curve (AUC).Results: From 7989 study subjects, ADA risk score found 3874 (48.5%) and 19122 (23%) at risk for developing PreDM and DM, respectively. The results of ROC curve analyses showed the highest diagnostic value was related to waist circumference (WC) followed by Body Mass Index (BMI) (0.695 and 0.693, respectively). The cut-points of WC and BMI for identifying high risk people ...
BACKGROUND There has been a change in the risk factor profile of patients with coronary artery di... more BACKGROUND There has been a change in the risk factor profile of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in the western world. We sought to compare the risk factor profile of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in northern part of Iran in 2010 and 2016. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, medical records of 296 CABG patients in 2010 and 500 patients in 2016 were collected from a referral university hospital in Guilan province, Iran. We compared the risk factor profile using chi-square test or independent t-test as needed in the two time points, 2010 and 2016. RESULTS The age of CABG patients significantly decreased from 62.49 ± 8.05 to 58.09 ± 9.20 over time. The frequency of hypertension (HTN) (66.2% vs. 59.1%, P = 0.045), diabetes mellitus (DM) (51.8% vs. 43.6%, P = 0.025), smoking (35.6% vs. 28.0%, P = 0.028), and patients with multimorbidity (31.8% vs. 26.7%, P = 0.001) increased in the second period compared to the first period of study. Whereas,...
Background: An increase in Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) frequency was observed over the past thre... more Background: An increase in Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) frequency was observed over the past three decades in low- and middle income countries, especially in Iran. The purpose of the present study was to review and compare the frequencies of conventional and some non-conventional CVD risk factors between men and women in a tertiary level referral cardiovascular teaching hospital in a six month period in the North of Iran. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using medical databases including conventional risk factors: opium consumption, physical inactivity, high salt diet, and serum vitamin D level. The chi-square and independent t tests were used to assess the differences between groups. Results: A total of 740 (55% women) who had available full medical history data were recruited in the study. Approximately 62% of the participants were older than 45 years with the mean age of 54 (14.2) years old. Percentages of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesit...
Javadzadeh Moghtader A.1 MSc, Salari A.1 MD, Shad B.* MD, Hasandokht T1. MD, Nourisaeed A.1 MSc *... more Javadzadeh Moghtader A.1 MSc, Salari A.1 MD, Shad B.* MD, Hasandokht T1. MD, Nourisaeed A.1 MSc *Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. 1Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Horizon of Medical Sciences Volume 24, Issue 3, Summer 2018 Pages: 231238 Type: Original Research
Introduction: Psychological well-being (PWB) and having a meaningful life play a role in reducing... more Introduction: Psychological well-being (PWB) and having a meaningful life play a role in reducing the incidence and mortality of cardiac disease. The aim of this study is to assess PWB in two groups of people with heart disease and healthy people. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed in two groups of people with heart disease and healthy people referring to a cardiac clinic of Heshmat Hospital in Rasht from Feb to July 2016. Ryff’s PWB and demographic information were completed for all the participants. Average grade of welfare and six subscales both groups were compared using independent t-test. Relevance of well-being score with variables was surveyed using multiple linear regression model. Results: Number of 88 cases entered in the study with the average age of 50.47±15.88 year. Total score was 80.50±10.44 in ill group and 87.66±8.75 in healthy group which was significantly higher in healthy group (P=0.001). The results showed that the score of well-being i...
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