Person interested in the study of floristics, systematics, traditional uses and conservation of orchids. Phone: 52-951 5170400 Address: Hornos 1003, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlan, Oaxaca, México
Summary⍰ Orchids constitute one of the most spectacular radiations of flowering plants. However, ... more Summary⍰ Orchids constitute one of the most spectacular radiations of flowering plants. However, their geographical origin, historical spread across the globe, and hotspots of speciation remain uncertain due to the lack of a broad phylogenomic framework.⍰ We present a new Orchidaceae phylogeny based on high-throughput and Sanger sequencing datasets, covering all five subfamilies, 17/22 tribes, 40/49 subtribes, 285/736 genera, and ∼7% (1,921) of the currently 29,524 accepted species. We then use it to infer geographic range evolution, diversity, and speciation patterns by adding curated geographical distribution data through the World Checklist of Vascular Plants.⍰ Orchid’s most recent common ancestor is traced back to the Late Cretaceous in Laurasia. The modern Southeast Asian range of subfamily Apostasioideae is interpreted as relictual, matching the history of numerous clades that went extinct at higher latitudes following the global climate cooled during the Oligocene. Despite th...
FIGURE 1. Stelis guerrerensis Soto Arenas & R.Solano. A. Habit. B. Flower, lateral view. C. Flora... more FIGURE 1. Stelis guerrerensis Soto Arenas & R.Solano. A. Habit. B. Flower, lateral view. C. Floral dissection. D. Lip and column, lateral view. E. Lip, petal and column, lateral view. F. Lip, front view. G. Column, ventral view. H. Anther, ventral view. I. Anther, lateral view. (Drawn by R. Solano from the holotype.)
FIGURE 2. Stelis kaiae R.Solano & C.Dietz. A. Habit, B. Detail of inflorescence. C. Flower, front... more FIGURE 2. Stelis kaiae R.Solano & C.Dietz. A. Habit, B. Detail of inflorescence. C. Flower, front view. D. Floral dissection. E. Petal, ventral view. F. Lip, front view. G. Column, dorsal and ventral views. H. Anther and pollinarium. (Drawn by R. Solano from the holotype.)
FIGURE 5. Map for known localities of Stelis guerrerensis (black star), Stelis kaiae (black trian... more FIGURE 5. Map for known localities of Stelis guerrerensis (black star), Stelis kaiae (black triangle), and Stelis lapinerae (black circle).
FIGURE 3. Stelis lapinerae Soto Arenas & R.Solano. A. Habit. B. Detail of inflorescence, C. Flowe... more FIGURE 3. Stelis lapinerae Soto Arenas & R.Solano. A. Habit. B. Detail of inflorescence, C. Flower in frontal view. D. Floral dissection. E. Lip and column, lateral view. F. Petal, ventral view. G. Lip, front view. H. Column, ventral view. I. Anther and pollinarium. (Drawn by R. Solano from Soto 10425.)
FIGURE 4. A. Stelis guerrerensis, photo by E. Lopez-Patiño s.n. B. Stelis kaiae, photo by C. Diet... more FIGURE 4. A. Stelis guerrerensis, photo by E. Lopez-Patiño s.n. B. Stelis kaiae, photo by C. Dietz from the holotype. C. Stelis lapinerae, photo by J. Valdez from the holotype.
Se presenta el tratamiento taxonómico para las especies del género Stelis sensu estricto reportad... more Se presenta el tratamiento taxonómico para las especies del género Stelis sensu estricto reportadas para Veracruz. México. El tratamiento incluye nueve especies, para las cuales se proporciona información nomenclatural, distribución, ejemplares de respaldo, tipo de vegetación, altitud, periodo de floración y mapa de las localidades conocidas.
Stelis johnosii, previously known only from Guatemala, is reported for the first time from Mexico... more Stelis johnosii, previously known only from Guatemala, is reported for the first time from Mexico. Two other new species of Stelis are described and illustrated as S. salazarii R. Solano and S. wendtii R. Solano.
Maxillaria purpureo-nigra Zambrano, Carnevali & Solano, a new species recently collected ... more Maxillaria purpureo-nigra Zambrano, Carnevali & Solano, a new species recently collected in Southwestern Ecuador is described and illustrated. Information concerning its distribution, habitat, phenology, and conservation status is provided. The new taxon is a member of Maxillaria sect. Rufescens, and it is compared with morphologically similar species such as M. culebrica, M. dressleriana, M. hedwigiae, and M. richii. However, we consider that it is more similar to M. prunina, from which it differs by its deep purple flowers, with oblong-elliptic sepals, oblong-lanceolate petals with acute apex, and a lip with an oblong-ovate mid-lobe suffused with dark-purple at the center, including the callus. We also provide a key to the Ecuadorean species of M. sect. Rufescens.
Acianthera bilobulata is described and illustrated as new species. Information concerning distrib... more Acianthera bilobulata is described and illustrated as new species. Information concerning distribution, habitat, phenology, and conservation status are provided. The new taxon is compared with the most similar species A. pubescens, from which it differs by its elliptic-lanceolate leaves, yellow-cream flowers suffused with red-purple, acute, marginally erose petals, and an oblong, obtuse, marginally entire lip with oblong, rounded lateral lobes. Furthermore, A. bilobulata is compared with other three morphologically similar species, A. breedlovei, A. henrici, and A. majakoluckae.
Sin duda, ésta es la tribu más numerosa de la familia en América tropical; incluye a los géneros ... more Sin duda, ésta es la tribu más numerosa de la familia en América tropical; incluye a los géneros propios del continente que presentan velamen y semillas distintivos. Se trata de un grupo muy diverso, el cual puede ser considerado como natural y está constituido por aproximadamente 78 géneros y posiblemente más de 5000 especies. Debido a sus flores bellas y vistosas, algunos de sus componentes son de gran interés hortícola, por lo que han sido objeto de una fuerte presión por parte de los recolectores; tal es el caso de especies de los géneros Laelia, Barkeria, Euchile y Prosthechea. En la región de la Flora la tribu está representada por 20 géneros, de los cuales Alamania, Arpophyllum, Brassavola, Domingoa, Myrmecophila, Nidema, Ponera, Restrepiella, Specklinia y Trichosalpinx son monoespecíficos. El mayor número de especies se encuentra repartido en los géneros Epidendrum, Prosthechea y Stelis.
A new species of Acianthera from the relict cloud forests of Valle del Cauca, Colombia is describ... more A new species of Acianthera from the relict cloud forests of Valle del Cauca, Colombia is described and illustrated. This new species, Acianthera hagsateri, morphologically resembles A. geminicaulina, A. decurrens, and A. erythrogramma, but differs from them by its shorter plants and stems, the elliptic and obtuse smaller leaves, the racemose, 1–3 flowered raceme, and the obovate, entire lip, with a pair of smooth calli reaching the apical half. Illustration, distribution map, eponymy, notes on ecology, pictures for this new species are included, and a comparison table with morphologically similar species.
Summary⍰ Orchids constitute one of the most spectacular radiations of flowering plants. However, ... more Summary⍰ Orchids constitute one of the most spectacular radiations of flowering plants. However, their geographical origin, historical spread across the globe, and hotspots of speciation remain uncertain due to the lack of a broad phylogenomic framework.⍰ We present a new Orchidaceae phylogeny based on high-throughput and Sanger sequencing datasets, covering all five subfamilies, 17/22 tribes, 40/49 subtribes, 285/736 genera, and ∼7% (1,921) of the currently 29,524 accepted species. We then use it to infer geographic range evolution, diversity, and speciation patterns by adding curated geographical distribution data through the World Checklist of Vascular Plants.⍰ Orchid’s most recent common ancestor is traced back to the Late Cretaceous in Laurasia. The modern Southeast Asian range of subfamily Apostasioideae is interpreted as relictual, matching the history of numerous clades that went extinct at higher latitudes following the global climate cooled during the Oligocene. Despite th...
FIGURE 1. Stelis guerrerensis Soto Arenas & R.Solano. A. Habit. B. Flower, lateral view. C. Flora... more FIGURE 1. Stelis guerrerensis Soto Arenas & R.Solano. A. Habit. B. Flower, lateral view. C. Floral dissection. D. Lip and column, lateral view. E. Lip, petal and column, lateral view. F. Lip, front view. G. Column, ventral view. H. Anther, ventral view. I. Anther, lateral view. (Drawn by R. Solano from the holotype.)
FIGURE 2. Stelis kaiae R.Solano & C.Dietz. A. Habit, B. Detail of inflorescence. C. Flower, front... more FIGURE 2. Stelis kaiae R.Solano & C.Dietz. A. Habit, B. Detail of inflorescence. C. Flower, front view. D. Floral dissection. E. Petal, ventral view. F. Lip, front view. G. Column, dorsal and ventral views. H. Anther and pollinarium. (Drawn by R. Solano from the holotype.)
FIGURE 5. Map for known localities of Stelis guerrerensis (black star), Stelis kaiae (black trian... more FIGURE 5. Map for known localities of Stelis guerrerensis (black star), Stelis kaiae (black triangle), and Stelis lapinerae (black circle).
FIGURE 3. Stelis lapinerae Soto Arenas & R.Solano. A. Habit. B. Detail of inflorescence, C. Flowe... more FIGURE 3. Stelis lapinerae Soto Arenas & R.Solano. A. Habit. B. Detail of inflorescence, C. Flower in frontal view. D. Floral dissection. E. Lip and column, lateral view. F. Petal, ventral view. G. Lip, front view. H. Column, ventral view. I. Anther and pollinarium. (Drawn by R. Solano from Soto 10425.)
FIGURE 4. A. Stelis guerrerensis, photo by E. Lopez-Patiño s.n. B. Stelis kaiae, photo by C. Diet... more FIGURE 4. A. Stelis guerrerensis, photo by E. Lopez-Patiño s.n. B. Stelis kaiae, photo by C. Dietz from the holotype. C. Stelis lapinerae, photo by J. Valdez from the holotype.
Se presenta el tratamiento taxonómico para las especies del género Stelis sensu estricto reportad... more Se presenta el tratamiento taxonómico para las especies del género Stelis sensu estricto reportadas para Veracruz. México. El tratamiento incluye nueve especies, para las cuales se proporciona información nomenclatural, distribución, ejemplares de respaldo, tipo de vegetación, altitud, periodo de floración y mapa de las localidades conocidas.
Stelis johnosii, previously known only from Guatemala, is reported for the first time from Mexico... more Stelis johnosii, previously known only from Guatemala, is reported for the first time from Mexico. Two other new species of Stelis are described and illustrated as S. salazarii R. Solano and S. wendtii R. Solano.
Maxillaria purpureo-nigra Zambrano, Carnevali & Solano, a new species recently collected ... more Maxillaria purpureo-nigra Zambrano, Carnevali & Solano, a new species recently collected in Southwestern Ecuador is described and illustrated. Information concerning its distribution, habitat, phenology, and conservation status is provided. The new taxon is a member of Maxillaria sect. Rufescens, and it is compared with morphologically similar species such as M. culebrica, M. dressleriana, M. hedwigiae, and M. richii. However, we consider that it is more similar to M. prunina, from which it differs by its deep purple flowers, with oblong-elliptic sepals, oblong-lanceolate petals with acute apex, and a lip with an oblong-ovate mid-lobe suffused with dark-purple at the center, including the callus. We also provide a key to the Ecuadorean species of M. sect. Rufescens.
Acianthera bilobulata is described and illustrated as new species. Information concerning distrib... more Acianthera bilobulata is described and illustrated as new species. Information concerning distribution, habitat, phenology, and conservation status are provided. The new taxon is compared with the most similar species A. pubescens, from which it differs by its elliptic-lanceolate leaves, yellow-cream flowers suffused with red-purple, acute, marginally erose petals, and an oblong, obtuse, marginally entire lip with oblong, rounded lateral lobes. Furthermore, A. bilobulata is compared with other three morphologically similar species, A. breedlovei, A. henrici, and A. majakoluckae.
Sin duda, ésta es la tribu más numerosa de la familia en América tropical; incluye a los géneros ... more Sin duda, ésta es la tribu más numerosa de la familia en América tropical; incluye a los géneros propios del continente que presentan velamen y semillas distintivos. Se trata de un grupo muy diverso, el cual puede ser considerado como natural y está constituido por aproximadamente 78 géneros y posiblemente más de 5000 especies. Debido a sus flores bellas y vistosas, algunos de sus componentes son de gran interés hortícola, por lo que han sido objeto de una fuerte presión por parte de los recolectores; tal es el caso de especies de los géneros Laelia, Barkeria, Euchile y Prosthechea. En la región de la Flora la tribu está representada por 20 géneros, de los cuales Alamania, Arpophyllum, Brassavola, Domingoa, Myrmecophila, Nidema, Ponera, Restrepiella, Specklinia y Trichosalpinx son monoespecíficos. El mayor número de especies se encuentra repartido en los géneros Epidendrum, Prosthechea y Stelis.
A new species of Acianthera from the relict cloud forests of Valle del Cauca, Colombia is describ... more A new species of Acianthera from the relict cloud forests of Valle del Cauca, Colombia is described and illustrated. This new species, Acianthera hagsateri, morphologically resembles A. geminicaulina, A. decurrens, and A. erythrogramma, but differs from them by its shorter plants and stems, the elliptic and obtuse smaller leaves, the racemose, 1–3 flowered raceme, and the obovate, entire lip, with a pair of smooth calli reaching the apical half. Illustration, distribution map, eponymy, notes on ecology, pictures for this new species are included, and a comparison table with morphologically similar species.
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