Relational models theory provides an alternative framework to study group and intergroup processe... more Relational models theory provides an alternative framework to study group and intergroup processes. One of four models people use to constitute groups is communal sharing (CS). Ethnographic and experimental evidence suggests that CS is produced by concrete and symbolic enactments of connections between bodies (cuddling, touching, synchronicity, commensality). We tested the effect of commensality on CS and ingroup favouritism in four Experiments with 3‐person groups (total n = 330) and found that commensality enhances emergent group communal sharing but does not enhance ingroup favouritism. In Experiment 1, sharing food enhanced ingroup communal sharing but in Experiment 2 this effect was not significant. In Experiments 3 and 4, sharing water enhanced communal sharing, but only when served from the same bottle, implying consubstantial assimilation. Ingroup favouritism was not enhanced by commensality in any experiment, even when explicitly presented as exclusively ingroup (Experiment...
In order to coordinate people have to agree on how to structure their interactions. Despite indiv... more In order to coordinate people have to agree on how to structure their interactions. Despite individual differences in motivations for certain types of relationships, people usually succeed in coordinating with each other in a wide variety of social settings. We suggest that the state of a relationship in which social actors apply the same relational schema to structure their interaction is intrinsically motivating, no matter what its content is. To this state we call Relational Complementarity. Relational schemas are conceptualized according to Relational Models Theory that suggests only four universal models that are used to structure all human interactions: Communal Sharing, Authority Ranking, Equality Matching and Market Pricing. Because relational schemas enable the understanding, anticipation, planning and generation of action, the application of the same schema by interacting actors allows them to congruently complete each other’s actions and to interact with fluidity and smoo...
Niels J. Van Doesum , Ryan O. Murphy, Marcello Gallucci, Efrat Aharonov-Majar, Ursula Athenstaedt... more Niels J. Van Doesum , Ryan O. Murphy, Marcello Gallucci, Efrat Aharonov-Majar, Ursula Athenstaedt , Wing Tung Au, Liying Bai , Robert B€ ohm , Inna Bovina , Nancy R. Buchan , Xiao-Ping Chen, Kitty B. Dumont , Jan B. Engelmann , Kimmo Eriksson , Hyun Euh , Susann Fiedler , Justin Friesen , Simon G€ achter , Camilo Garcia, Roberto Gonz alez , Sylvie Graf , Katarzyna Growiec , Serge Guimond , Martina H reb ı ckov a , Elizabeth Immer-Bernold, Jeff Joireman, Gokhan Karagonlar , Kerry Kawakami , Toko Kiyonari , Yu Kou, Alexandros-Andreas Kyrtsis , Siugmin Lay , Geoffrey J. Leonardelli , Norman P. Li, Yang Li , Boris Maciejovsky , Zoi Manesi, Ali Mashuri , Aurelia Mok , Karin S. Moser , Ladislav Mot ak , Adrian Netedu , Michael J. Platow , Karolina Raczka-Winkler, Christopher P. Reinders Folmer , Cecilia Reyna , Angelo Romano , Shaul Shalvi , Cl audia Sim~ ao , Adam W. Stivers , Pontus Strimling, Yannis Tsirbas , Sonja Utz , Leander van der Meij , Sven Waldzus , Yiwen Wang, Bernd Weber , Ori Weisel , Tim Wildschut , Fabian Winter , Junhui Wu , Jose C. Yong , and Paul A. M. Van Lange
Supplemental material, Suplemental_material for Little "we's": How common identitie... more Supplemental material, Suplemental_material for Little "we's": How common identities improve behavior differently for ethnic majority and minority children by Rita Guerra, Sven Waldzus, Diniz Lopes, Maria Popa-Roch, Beatriz Lloret and Samuel L. Gaertner in Group Processes & Intergroup Relations
Imagine you visit a village on some remote island, with a culture you are not familiar with. On t... more Imagine you visit a village on some remote island, with a culture you are not familiar with. On this island, you discover a number of strange behaviors that you try to make sense of. For instance, some of the islanders rub their noses with each other as a greeting. You also learn that others eat potions “using combinations of ingredient such as rocks from the tallest mountain-peaks and epiphytes growing atop the highest trees ” (Fiske, 2004, p. 95). How would you interpret these behaviors? Perhaps you would guess those with nose to nose contact are generally close to each other, and those eating the potions made of high things enjoy or attain high status. What you have figured out then are perhaps the two most basic and important dimensions of social relations: community relations and power relations (Mead, 1934). What is the basis of such a judgment that relates unknown behaviors to social relations? In the following, we will approach this question from the standpoint of Relational...
We investigated, by means of the Reverse Correlation Task (RCT), visual representations of the cu... more We investigated, by means of the Reverse Correlation Task (RCT), visual representations of the culturally dominating group of local people held by sojourners as a function of their degree of cross-cultural adaptation. In three studies, using three different methods (reduced RCT, full RCT, conceptual replication) with three independent samples of sojourners and seven independent samples of Portuguese and US-American raters, we gathered clear evidence that poor adaptation goes along with more negative representations of locals. This indicates that sojourner adaptation is reflected, at a social-cognitive level, in the valence of outgroup representations.
Relational models theory provides an alternative framework to study group and intergroup processe... more Relational models theory provides an alternative framework to study group and intergroup processes. One of four models people use to constitute groups is communal sharing (CS). Ethnographic and experimental evidence suggests that CS is produced by concrete and symbolic enactments of connections between bodies (cuddling, touching, synchronicity, commensality). We tested the effect of commensality on CS and ingroup favouritism in four Experiments with 3‐person groups (total n = 330) and found that commensality enhances emergent group communal sharing but does not enhance ingroup favouritism. In Experiment 1, sharing food enhanced ingroup communal sharing but in Experiment 2 this effect was not significant. In Experiments 3 and 4, sharing water enhanced communal sharing, but only when served from the same bottle, implying consubstantial assimilation. Ingroup favouritism was not enhanced by commensality in any experiment, even when explicitly presented as exclusively ingroup (Experiment...
In order to coordinate people have to agree on how to structure their interactions. Despite indiv... more In order to coordinate people have to agree on how to structure their interactions. Despite individual differences in motivations for certain types of relationships, people usually succeed in coordinating with each other in a wide variety of social settings. We suggest that the state of a relationship in which social actors apply the same relational schema to structure their interaction is intrinsically motivating, no matter what its content is. To this state we call Relational Complementarity. Relational schemas are conceptualized according to Relational Models Theory that suggests only four universal models that are used to structure all human interactions: Communal Sharing, Authority Ranking, Equality Matching and Market Pricing. Because relational schemas enable the understanding, anticipation, planning and generation of action, the application of the same schema by interacting actors allows them to congruently complete each other’s actions and to interact with fluidity and smoo...
Niels J. Van Doesum , Ryan O. Murphy, Marcello Gallucci, Efrat Aharonov-Majar, Ursula Athenstaedt... more Niels J. Van Doesum , Ryan O. Murphy, Marcello Gallucci, Efrat Aharonov-Majar, Ursula Athenstaedt , Wing Tung Au, Liying Bai , Robert B€ ohm , Inna Bovina , Nancy R. Buchan , Xiao-Ping Chen, Kitty B. Dumont , Jan B. Engelmann , Kimmo Eriksson , Hyun Euh , Susann Fiedler , Justin Friesen , Simon G€ achter , Camilo Garcia, Roberto Gonz alez , Sylvie Graf , Katarzyna Growiec , Serge Guimond , Martina H reb ı ckov a , Elizabeth Immer-Bernold, Jeff Joireman, Gokhan Karagonlar , Kerry Kawakami , Toko Kiyonari , Yu Kou, Alexandros-Andreas Kyrtsis , Siugmin Lay , Geoffrey J. Leonardelli , Norman P. Li, Yang Li , Boris Maciejovsky , Zoi Manesi, Ali Mashuri , Aurelia Mok , Karin S. Moser , Ladislav Mot ak , Adrian Netedu , Michael J. Platow , Karolina Raczka-Winkler, Christopher P. Reinders Folmer , Cecilia Reyna , Angelo Romano , Shaul Shalvi , Cl audia Sim~ ao , Adam W. Stivers , Pontus Strimling, Yannis Tsirbas , Sonja Utz , Leander van der Meij , Sven Waldzus , Yiwen Wang, Bernd Weber , Ori Weisel , Tim Wildschut , Fabian Winter , Junhui Wu , Jose C. Yong , and Paul A. M. Van Lange
Supplemental material, Suplemental_material for Little "we's": How common identitie... more Supplemental material, Suplemental_material for Little "we's": How common identities improve behavior differently for ethnic majority and minority children by Rita Guerra, Sven Waldzus, Diniz Lopes, Maria Popa-Roch, Beatriz Lloret and Samuel L. Gaertner in Group Processes & Intergroup Relations
Imagine you visit a village on some remote island, with a culture you are not familiar with. On t... more Imagine you visit a village on some remote island, with a culture you are not familiar with. On this island, you discover a number of strange behaviors that you try to make sense of. For instance, some of the islanders rub their noses with each other as a greeting. You also learn that others eat potions “using combinations of ingredient such as rocks from the tallest mountain-peaks and epiphytes growing atop the highest trees ” (Fiske, 2004, p. 95). How would you interpret these behaviors? Perhaps you would guess those with nose to nose contact are generally close to each other, and those eating the potions made of high things enjoy or attain high status. What you have figured out then are perhaps the two most basic and important dimensions of social relations: community relations and power relations (Mead, 1934). What is the basis of such a judgment that relates unknown behaviors to social relations? In the following, we will approach this question from the standpoint of Relational...
We investigated, by means of the Reverse Correlation Task (RCT), visual representations of the cu... more We investigated, by means of the Reverse Correlation Task (RCT), visual representations of the culturally dominating group of local people held by sojourners as a function of their degree of cross-cultural adaptation. In three studies, using three different methods (reduced RCT, full RCT, conceptual replication) with three independent samples of sojourners and seven independent samples of Portuguese and US-American raters, we gathered clear evidence that poor adaptation goes along with more negative representations of locals. This indicates that sojourner adaptation is reflected, at a social-cognitive level, in the valence of outgroup representations.
Uploads