A novel MEMS continuous deformable mirror (DM) is presented. The mirror can be integrated into op... more A novel MEMS continuous deformable mirror (DM) is presented. The mirror can be integrated into optical systems to compensate for monochromatic and chromatic aberrations. It is comprised of a 1.6 mm circular plate supported by eight evenly spaced flexural springs. Unlike traditional bias actuated DMs, it uses resonant electrostatic actuation (REA) to realize low- and high-order Zernike modes with a single drive signal. Instead of the hundreds or thousands of electrodes deployed by traditional DMs, the proposed DM employs only 49 electrodes and eliminates the need for spatial control algorithms and associated hardware, thereby providing a compact low-cost alternative. It also exploits dynamic amplification to reduce power requirements and increase the stroke by driving the DM at resonance. The DM was fabricated using a commercial silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MEMS process. Experimental modal analysis was carried out using laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) to identify mode shapes of the DM a...
This paper proposes the fuzzy Bayesian (FB) estimation to get the best estimate of the unknown pa... more This paper proposes the fuzzy Bayesian (FB) estimation to get the best estimate of the unknown parameters of a two-parameter Kumaraswamy distribution from a frequentist point of view. These estimations of parameters are employed to estimate the fuzzy reliability function of the Kumaraswamy distribution and to select the best estimate of the parameters and fuzzy reliability function. To achieve this goal we investigate the efficiency of seven classical estimators and compare them with FB proposed estimation. Monte Carlo simulations and cancer data set applications are performed to compare the performances of the estimators for both small and large samples. Tierney and Kadane approximation is used to obtain FB estimates of traditional and fuzzy reliability for the Kumaraswamy distribution. The results showed that the fuzziness is better than the reality for all sample sizes and the fuzzy reliability at the estimates of the FB proposed estimated is better than other estimators, it give...
This paper discusses the lessons learned from building a model for effort estimation. This model ... more This paper discusses the lessons learned from building a model for effort estimation. This model focuses on minimizing effort variance by enhancing the adjustments made to the functional sizing techniques. A special focus was made on the adjustment factors which reflect the application's complexity and the actual environment in which this application will be implemented. We introduced the idea of grouping the adjustment factors to simplify the process of adjustment and to ensure more consistency in the adjustments. We have also studied, in depth, how the quality of requirements impact effort estimation. We introduced the quality of requirements as an adjustment factor in our proposed model. Our study concentrates on Egyptian companies with an objective to enhance effort estimation in these companies. We have learned a number of lessons that are discussed in the paper. From these learned lessons, we derive a group of recommendations to other researchers aiming at building similar...
14th Working Conference on Reverse Engineering (WCRE 2007), 2007
Abstract Platform migration is a core problem in software reengineering, since applications are f... more Abstract Platform migration is a core problem in software reengineering, since applications are frequently deemed useful in environments other than the ones in which they were originally implemented. The World-Wide-Web in particular is becoming a target platform of choice because of its pervasiveness, and a substantial class of applications that could benefit from migration to the Web is that of Java graphical user interface (GUI) desktop applications. To that end, we have recently developed Swing2Script, an interaction- ...
2007 ITI 5th International Conference on Information and Communications Technology, 2007
The World Wide Web is increasingly becoming an important medium for business growth. The migratio... more The World Wide Web is increasingly becoming an important medium for business growth. The migration of existing applications to the web is a core problem in software reengineering, since applications are frequently deemed to be useful when their functionalities are accessible via the Web. A substantial class of applications that could benefit from migration to the Web is that of
2008 International Conference on Computer Engineering & Systems, 2008
Software verification is the process that assures that a software product conforms to its predefi... more Software verification is the process that assures that a software product conforms to its predefined specifications. Software inspection is the main verification technique used at early development stages. The inspection effectiveness; number of defects remaining in the artifact relative to number of identified defects; is typically used to measure the quality of the inspection process. Many approaches have been developed
A novel MEMS continuous deformable mirror (DM) is presented. The mirror can be integrated into op... more A novel MEMS continuous deformable mirror (DM) is presented. The mirror can be integrated into optical systems to compensate for monochromatic and chromatic aberrations. It is comprised of a 1.6 mm circular plate supported by eight evenly spaced flexural springs. Unlike traditional bias actuated DMs, it uses resonant electrostatic actuation (REA) to realize low- and high-order Zernike modes with a single drive signal. Instead of the hundreds or thousands of electrodes deployed by traditional DMs, the proposed DM employs only 49 electrodes and eliminates the need for spatial control algorithms and associated hardware, thereby providing a compact low-cost alternative. It also exploits dynamic amplification to reduce power requirements and increase the stroke by driving the DM at resonance. The DM was fabricated using a commercial silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MEMS process. Experimental modal analysis was carried out using laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) to identify mode shapes of the DM a...
This paper proposes the fuzzy Bayesian (FB) estimation to get the best estimate of the unknown pa... more This paper proposes the fuzzy Bayesian (FB) estimation to get the best estimate of the unknown parameters of a two-parameter Kumaraswamy distribution from a frequentist point of view. These estimations of parameters are employed to estimate the fuzzy reliability function of the Kumaraswamy distribution and to select the best estimate of the parameters and fuzzy reliability function. To achieve this goal we investigate the efficiency of seven classical estimators and compare them with FB proposed estimation. Monte Carlo simulations and cancer data set applications are performed to compare the performances of the estimators for both small and large samples. Tierney and Kadane approximation is used to obtain FB estimates of traditional and fuzzy reliability for the Kumaraswamy distribution. The results showed that the fuzziness is better than the reality for all sample sizes and the fuzzy reliability at the estimates of the FB proposed estimated is better than other estimators, it give...
This paper discusses the lessons learned from building a model for effort estimation. This model ... more This paper discusses the lessons learned from building a model for effort estimation. This model focuses on minimizing effort variance by enhancing the adjustments made to the functional sizing techniques. A special focus was made on the adjustment factors which reflect the application's complexity and the actual environment in which this application will be implemented. We introduced the idea of grouping the adjustment factors to simplify the process of adjustment and to ensure more consistency in the adjustments. We have also studied, in depth, how the quality of requirements impact effort estimation. We introduced the quality of requirements as an adjustment factor in our proposed model. Our study concentrates on Egyptian companies with an objective to enhance effort estimation in these companies. We have learned a number of lessons that are discussed in the paper. From these learned lessons, we derive a group of recommendations to other researchers aiming at building similar...
14th Working Conference on Reverse Engineering (WCRE 2007), 2007
Abstract Platform migration is a core problem in software reengineering, since applications are f... more Abstract Platform migration is a core problem in software reengineering, since applications are frequently deemed useful in environments other than the ones in which they were originally implemented. The World-Wide-Web in particular is becoming a target platform of choice because of its pervasiveness, and a substantial class of applications that could benefit from migration to the Web is that of Java graphical user interface (GUI) desktop applications. To that end, we have recently developed Swing2Script, an interaction- ...
2007 ITI 5th International Conference on Information and Communications Technology, 2007
The World Wide Web is increasingly becoming an important medium for business growth. The migratio... more The World Wide Web is increasingly becoming an important medium for business growth. The migration of existing applications to the web is a core problem in software reengineering, since applications are frequently deemed to be useful when their functionalities are accessible via the Web. A substantial class of applications that could benefit from migration to the Web is that of
2008 International Conference on Computer Engineering & Systems, 2008
Software verification is the process that assures that a software product conforms to its predefi... more Software verification is the process that assures that a software product conforms to its predefined specifications. Software inspection is the main verification technique used at early development stages. The inspection effectiveness; number of defects remaining in the artifact relative to number of identified defects; is typically used to measure the quality of the inspection process. Many approaches have been developed
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Papers by Amr R. Kamel