In a globalized and highly competitive economy like the present, universities are taking an incre... more In a globalized and highly competitive economy like the present, universities are taking an increasingly prominent role in the economic development of society. These organizations have gone from a focus on academic training to entrepreneurial universities. Under the premise of "scarce resources", today companies are built into these schools to help increase their coffers. These companies have been called: University Spin offs, Star ups, Star outs, among others. The problem arises because there are aspects of this phenomenon that are still poorly understood, ambiguous. There is therefore confusion that hinders development of a widely accepted definition. The methodology of this study is descriptive analytics, through documentary analysis of different empirical assumptions. We use search engines as a tool to delineate our research. We inferred that the university spin-off, since they are generated in educational institutions, does not produce a transfer of human resource. Th...
The company AR CONSTRUCCIONES S.A.S currently has a system of comprehensive quality management wh... more The company AR CONSTRUCCIONES S.A.S currently has a system of comprehensive quality management which allows managing its operations in a standardized and towards the continuous improvement of all processes, however considering their position in the market and the issue of competitiveness, it is essential to propose a model of innovation that ensures improvement activities, it is essential to propose a model of innovation that ensures improvement activities, not only to the product as such but in the scheme of functional and operational development, meeting there the main objective of this essay, to give the main guidelines for the formulation and implementation of a policy based on its own model of innovation and excellence, that allows growth not only at the operational level, but equally recognized both in the niche market and across the enterprise framework, presenting a strategic approach towards the satisfaction of all parties concerned and therefore the sustained success.
Spanish Abstract: El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar las principales capacidades ... more Spanish Abstract: El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar las principales capacidades y recursos que determinan la competitividad de las empresas hoteleras de la ciudad de Morelia. Se basa pues en el conocimiento de los mas recientes conceptos relacionados con las Competencias Esenciales del sector hotelero de la ciudad de Morelia, Michoacan enmarcadas en la Teoria de Recursos y Capacidades, que ya desde finales de los anos ochenta se viene discutiendo y es que la base de la ventaja competitiva se centra en los recursos internos de la empresa. Por lo que a partir de los contrastes realzados con estadisticos no parametricos se pudo determinar una correlacion bastante significativa de recursos y capacidades con la Competitividad, utilizando una muestra de 377 hoteles de la ciudad de Morelia. English Abstract: This paper aims to identify key skills and resources that determine the competitiveness of hotels in the city of Morelia. It is based on the knowledge of concepts rela...
<b>Spanish Abstract</b>: Uno de los paradigmas es seguir considerando al capital y tr... more <b>Spanish Abstract</b>: Uno de los paradigmas es seguir considerando al capital y trabajo como los factores productivos más significativos para que las empresas puedan ser más competitivas. En la actualidad las empresas en cualquier actividad que se desenvuelvan requieren de tecnología, conocimiento e información para poder ser eficientes y sobrevivir. Las pequeñas y medianas empresas (Pymes) suelen ser la fuerza motriz que impulsa dichas innovaciones. No obstante, no siempre se explota plenamente su capacidad innovadora y creativa ya que muchas de estas empresas no conocen el sistema de la Propiedad Intelectual (PI) ni la protección que éste puede dar a sus invenciones, marcas y dibujos, modelos industriales, derechos de autor, secretos comerciales, etc. La metodología utilizada en la investigación se fundamenta en el análisis del estado de la ciencia, estudio exploratorio de las prácticas de gestión en las Pymes y estudio de casos detectados en la Base de Datos IP Advantage de la Organización Mundial de la Propiedad Intelectual. Como resultado de la investigación, se presentan dos aportes al enriquecimiento del tema: i) la integración de todas las áreas del conocimiento que se protege a través de la PI y, ii) la propuesta de un modelo de Gestión de la Propiedad Intelectual que permitirá ser un referente a seguir para las Pymes de base tecnológica. <b>English Abstract</b>: Capital and productive work are important factors for companies to become more competitive. Today companies in any activity require technology, knowledge and information to be efficient and survive. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are often the driving force behind these innovations. However, they do not always fully exploit innovative and creative capacity. Many companies do not know the system of Intellectual Property (IP) and the protection it can give inventions, trademarks and designs, industrial designs, rights copyright, trade secret, etc. The methodology used in this research is based on an analysis of the state of science, exploratory study of management practices in SMEs and case studies found in the database "IP Advantage" of the World Intellectual Property Organization. As a result of the investigation, there are two contributions to the enrichment of the subject: i) the integration of all areas of knowledge protected by intellectual property and, ii) the proposal of a model of Intellectual Property Management will provide a reference for technology-based SMEs.
Prior work has put forward the hypothesis that complex movement is constructed by the combination... more Prior work has put forward the hypothesis that complex movement is constructed by the combination of stereotypic motor patterns ?stored? in cortical and spinal networks. Combinations of such ?building blocks? could be selected by the motor cortices providing and advantageous computational procedure to rapidly plan and execute complex movements. Force field correlates of such ?primitives? have been recorded in the cord of spinalized reptiles and amphibians, but their existence and physiological role in intact mammals -particularly humans- remains controversial. In the current study we used propioceptive stimulation of specific body regions to elicit a set of stereotypical but highly complex involuntary motor patterns, providing EMG and kinematics evidence of their existence A group of neurologically sound human subjects (n=4) were positioned in supine decubitus with 30 degrees head rotation. Then they were constantly stimulated for 5 minutes with an anterior-to-posterior, lateral-to-medial and cephalic force vector applied digitally on the pectoral region between 6th and 7th intercostal spaces in the left hemiside (following VOJTA therapy principles). In a calibrated 3D space, kinematics coordinates of the contralateral ankle, knee, hip, shoulder, elbow and wrist and EMG correlates from the Medial Deltoids (DELT), Biceps Brachii (BB), External Abdominal Oblique (OBL), Rectus Femoris (RECT), Tibialis Anterior (TA) and Semitendinous (ST) muscles were synchronously recorded. The results show a sequential pattern of involuntary muscle activations and movements starting at with the OBL (45.1 sec, post stimulus onset) and the ST (43.6 sec.), then the TA (53.1 sec.) and RECT (56.5 sec.), followed much later by the DELT (88.5 sec.) and BB (94.3 sec.). Kinematically, we observed a sequential and progressive pattern towards unilateral and/or bilateral tight flexion, leg extension followed by shoulder abduction, forearm flexion, and eventually wrist supination (Fig.1). Both EMG and kinematic activation chains were highly consistent within and across subjects. Repetition of each pattern at 5 minutes intervals for up to 3 times provided evidence of a progressive facilitation of the EMG response components, appearing earlier and reaching higher values. Subjects maintained consciousness and normal cognitive abilities during the phenomena, but reported ?feeling their extremities being manipulated like if they were puppets?. All subjects were able to interrupt such induced involuntary patterns at will when requested. We conclude that propioceptive stimulation of body regions is able to elicit complex patterns of cortico-spinal ?synergies? that might be used as modules by the motor cortices to optimally plan and execute movement.
This paper aims to identify key skills and resources that determine the competitiveness of hotels... more This paper aims to identify key skills and resources that determine the competitiveness of hotels in the city of Morelia. It is based on the knowledge of concepts related to core competencies of the sector in Morelia, Michoacan framed the Theory of Resources and Capabilities, claims that the basis of competitive advantage focuses on the internal resources of the company. So, from enhanced contrasts with nonparametric statistical a fairly significant correlation of resources and capabilities to competitiveness was determined, using a sample of 337 hotels in the city of Morelia
ABSTRACT Elemental concentrations in tree rings have been used to monitor air pollution, volcanic... more ABSTRACT Elemental concentrations in tree rings have been used to monitor air pollution, volcanic emissions, and the effects of acid precipitations on the tree forest. This possibility has stimulated a wide research to determine which trees species may be suitable for studies of long-term trends in environmental chemistry. Many quantitative methods (wet or dry) have been used to solve this problem, but Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) seems to be ideal to carry out this kind of analysis. The application of PIXE for the direct analysis of trace element contents on the tree-ring cores has been successful. In this work, several improvements on the analysis of tree-ring cores are presented. External PIXE and RBS were carried out simultaneously in order to measure the concentrations of trace elements and the C and O contents of the wood matrix. A rectangular beam of 1x3 mm was used instead of a circular beam to irradiate a larger area of the tree ring. The study of elemental concentration in tree-rings of pine and sacred fir along the last thirty years of the template forest in Central Mexico, is part of a research to investigate the effects of atmospheric deposition on the forests. The sites are located in the Mexican basin from 2,800 to 3,200 m. over the sea level; the average rain precipitation is 1200 mm per year. First results indicate that there is a relative variation of trace element contents in the annual rings of pine and sacred fir with the atmospheric pollution in all forests sites. In some cases, the elemental concentrations in the tree-ring correspond to the atmospheric variations. This work was partially supported by grants from DGAPA-UNAM (IN216903).
... Conference on Particle Induced X-ray Emission and its Analytical Applications PIXE 2004, Port... more ... Conference on Particle Induced X-ray Emission and its Analytical Applications PIXE 2004, Portoro, Slovenia, June 4-8, 2004 http://pixe2004.ijs.si/ 917.1 Elemental Variability in Tree Rings of Pine as Observed By PIXE G. Calva-Vásquez(1), J. Miranda(2), and C. Solís(2), L ...
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are often the driving force driving the economy of the countr... more Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are often the driving force driving the economy of the countries, however, are not always fully exploit its innovative and creative capacity because many of these companies do not know the tools for today gives us the technology, worse the benefits we provide social networks. The aim of this article is intended to discuss best practices in the use of social networks as strategic marketing communication in SMEs. The methodology used in the research is based on the analysis of the state of science, exploratory study on the use of social networks and case studies of success. As a result there are two contributions to the enrichment of scientific literature on the subject: i) identification of best practices in the use of social networks and, ii) social networking as a marketing strategy for SMEs.
Uno de los paradigmas es seguir considerando al capital y trabajo como los factores productivos m... more Uno de los paradigmas es seguir considerando al capital y trabajo como los factores productivos más significativos para que las empresas puedan ser más competitivas. En la actualidad las empresas en cualquier actividad que se desenvuelvan requieren de tecnología, conocimiento e información para poder ser eficientes y sobrevivir. Las pequeñas y medianas empresas (Pymes) suelen ser la fuerza motriz que impulsa dichas innovaciones. No obstante, no siempre se explota plenamente su capacidad innovadora y creativa ya que muchas de estas empresas no conocen el sistema de la Propiedad Intelectual (PI) ni la protección que éste puede dar a sus invenciones, marcas y dibujos, modelos industriales, derechos de autor, secretos comerciales, etc. La metodología utilizada en la investigación se fundamenta en el análisis del estado de la ciencia, estudio exploratorio de las prácticas de gestión en las Pymes y estudio de casos detectados en la Base de Datos “IP Advantage” de la Organización Mundial d...
In a globalized and highly competitive economy like the present, universities are taking an incre... more In a globalized and highly competitive economy like the present, universities are taking an increasingly prominent role in the economic development of society. These organizations have gone from a focus on academic training to entrepreneurial universities. Under the premise of "scarce resources", today companies are built into these schools to help increase their coffers. These companies have been called: University Spin offs, Star ups, Star outs, among others. The problem arises because there are aspects of this phenomenon that are still poorly understood, ambiguous. There is therefore confusion that hinders development of a widely accepted definition. The methodology of this study is descriptive analytics, through documentary analysis of different empirical assumptions. We use search engines as a tool to delineate our research. We inferred that the university spin-off, since they are generated in educational institutions, does not produce a transfer of human resource. Th...
The company AR CONSTRUCCIONES S.A.S currently has a system of comprehensive quality management wh... more The company AR CONSTRUCCIONES S.A.S currently has a system of comprehensive quality management which allows managing its operations in a standardized and towards the continuous improvement of all processes, however considering their position in the market and the issue of competitiveness, it is essential to propose a model of innovation that ensures improvement activities, it is essential to propose a model of innovation that ensures improvement activities, not only to the product as such but in the scheme of functional and operational development, meeting there the main objective of this essay, to give the main guidelines for the formulation and implementation of a policy based on its own model of innovation and excellence, that allows growth not only at the operational level, but equally recognized both in the niche market and across the enterprise framework, presenting a strategic approach towards the satisfaction of all parties concerned and therefore the sustained success.
Spanish Abstract: El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar las principales capacidades ... more Spanish Abstract: El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar las principales capacidades y recursos que determinan la competitividad de las empresas hoteleras de la ciudad de Morelia. Se basa pues en el conocimiento de los mas recientes conceptos relacionados con las Competencias Esenciales del sector hotelero de la ciudad de Morelia, Michoacan enmarcadas en la Teoria de Recursos y Capacidades, que ya desde finales de los anos ochenta se viene discutiendo y es que la base de la ventaja competitiva se centra en los recursos internos de la empresa. Por lo que a partir de los contrastes realzados con estadisticos no parametricos se pudo determinar una correlacion bastante significativa de recursos y capacidades con la Competitividad, utilizando una muestra de 377 hoteles de la ciudad de Morelia. English Abstract: This paper aims to identify key skills and resources that determine the competitiveness of hotels in the city of Morelia. It is based on the knowledge of concepts rela...
<b>Spanish Abstract</b>: Uno de los paradigmas es seguir considerando al capital y tr... more <b>Spanish Abstract</b>: Uno de los paradigmas es seguir considerando al capital y trabajo como los factores productivos más significativos para que las empresas puedan ser más competitivas. En la actualidad las empresas en cualquier actividad que se desenvuelvan requieren de tecnología, conocimiento e información para poder ser eficientes y sobrevivir. Las pequeñas y medianas empresas (Pymes) suelen ser la fuerza motriz que impulsa dichas innovaciones. No obstante, no siempre se explota plenamente su capacidad innovadora y creativa ya que muchas de estas empresas no conocen el sistema de la Propiedad Intelectual (PI) ni la protección que éste puede dar a sus invenciones, marcas y dibujos, modelos industriales, derechos de autor, secretos comerciales, etc. La metodología utilizada en la investigación se fundamenta en el análisis del estado de la ciencia, estudio exploratorio de las prácticas de gestión en las Pymes y estudio de casos detectados en la Base de Datos IP Advantage de la Organización Mundial de la Propiedad Intelectual. Como resultado de la investigación, se presentan dos aportes al enriquecimiento del tema: i) la integración de todas las áreas del conocimiento que se protege a través de la PI y, ii) la propuesta de un modelo de Gestión de la Propiedad Intelectual que permitirá ser un referente a seguir para las Pymes de base tecnológica. <b>English Abstract</b>: Capital and productive work are important factors for companies to become more competitive. Today companies in any activity require technology, knowledge and information to be efficient and survive. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are often the driving force behind these innovations. However, they do not always fully exploit innovative and creative capacity. Many companies do not know the system of Intellectual Property (IP) and the protection it can give inventions, trademarks and designs, industrial designs, rights copyright, trade secret, etc. The methodology used in this research is based on an analysis of the state of science, exploratory study of management practices in SMEs and case studies found in the database "IP Advantage" of the World Intellectual Property Organization. As a result of the investigation, there are two contributions to the enrichment of the subject: i) the integration of all areas of knowledge protected by intellectual property and, ii) the proposal of a model of Intellectual Property Management will provide a reference for technology-based SMEs.
Prior work has put forward the hypothesis that complex movement is constructed by the combination... more Prior work has put forward the hypothesis that complex movement is constructed by the combination of stereotypic motor patterns ?stored? in cortical and spinal networks. Combinations of such ?building blocks? could be selected by the motor cortices providing and advantageous computational procedure to rapidly plan and execute complex movements. Force field correlates of such ?primitives? have been recorded in the cord of spinalized reptiles and amphibians, but their existence and physiological role in intact mammals -particularly humans- remains controversial. In the current study we used propioceptive stimulation of specific body regions to elicit a set of stereotypical but highly complex involuntary motor patterns, providing EMG and kinematics evidence of their existence A group of neurologically sound human subjects (n=4) were positioned in supine decubitus with 30 degrees head rotation. Then they were constantly stimulated for 5 minutes with an anterior-to-posterior, lateral-to-medial and cephalic force vector applied digitally on the pectoral region between 6th and 7th intercostal spaces in the left hemiside (following VOJTA therapy principles). In a calibrated 3D space, kinematics coordinates of the contralateral ankle, knee, hip, shoulder, elbow and wrist and EMG correlates from the Medial Deltoids (DELT), Biceps Brachii (BB), External Abdominal Oblique (OBL), Rectus Femoris (RECT), Tibialis Anterior (TA) and Semitendinous (ST) muscles were synchronously recorded. The results show a sequential pattern of involuntary muscle activations and movements starting at with the OBL (45.1 sec, post stimulus onset) and the ST (43.6 sec.), then the TA (53.1 sec.) and RECT (56.5 sec.), followed much later by the DELT (88.5 sec.) and BB (94.3 sec.). Kinematically, we observed a sequential and progressive pattern towards unilateral and/or bilateral tight flexion, leg extension followed by shoulder abduction, forearm flexion, and eventually wrist supination (Fig.1). Both EMG and kinematic activation chains were highly consistent within and across subjects. Repetition of each pattern at 5 minutes intervals for up to 3 times provided evidence of a progressive facilitation of the EMG response components, appearing earlier and reaching higher values. Subjects maintained consciousness and normal cognitive abilities during the phenomena, but reported ?feeling their extremities being manipulated like if they were puppets?. All subjects were able to interrupt such induced involuntary patterns at will when requested. We conclude that propioceptive stimulation of body regions is able to elicit complex patterns of cortico-spinal ?synergies? that might be used as modules by the motor cortices to optimally plan and execute movement.
This paper aims to identify key skills and resources that determine the competitiveness of hotels... more This paper aims to identify key skills and resources that determine the competitiveness of hotels in the city of Morelia. It is based on the knowledge of concepts related to core competencies of the sector in Morelia, Michoacan framed the Theory of Resources and Capabilities, claims that the basis of competitive advantage focuses on the internal resources of the company. So, from enhanced contrasts with nonparametric statistical a fairly significant correlation of resources and capabilities to competitiveness was determined, using a sample of 337 hotels in the city of Morelia
ABSTRACT Elemental concentrations in tree rings have been used to monitor air pollution, volcanic... more ABSTRACT Elemental concentrations in tree rings have been used to monitor air pollution, volcanic emissions, and the effects of acid precipitations on the tree forest. This possibility has stimulated a wide research to determine which trees species may be suitable for studies of long-term trends in environmental chemistry. Many quantitative methods (wet or dry) have been used to solve this problem, but Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) seems to be ideal to carry out this kind of analysis. The application of PIXE for the direct analysis of trace element contents on the tree-ring cores has been successful. In this work, several improvements on the analysis of tree-ring cores are presented. External PIXE and RBS were carried out simultaneously in order to measure the concentrations of trace elements and the C and O contents of the wood matrix. A rectangular beam of 1x3 mm was used instead of a circular beam to irradiate a larger area of the tree ring. The study of elemental concentration in tree-rings of pine and sacred fir along the last thirty years of the template forest in Central Mexico, is part of a research to investigate the effects of atmospheric deposition on the forests. The sites are located in the Mexican basin from 2,800 to 3,200 m. over the sea level; the average rain precipitation is 1200 mm per year. First results indicate that there is a relative variation of trace element contents in the annual rings of pine and sacred fir with the atmospheric pollution in all forests sites. In some cases, the elemental concentrations in the tree-ring correspond to the atmospheric variations. This work was partially supported by grants from DGAPA-UNAM (IN216903).
... Conference on Particle Induced X-ray Emission and its Analytical Applications PIXE 2004, Port... more ... Conference on Particle Induced X-ray Emission and its Analytical Applications PIXE 2004, Portoro, Slovenia, June 4-8, 2004 http://pixe2004.ijs.si/ 917.1 Elemental Variability in Tree Rings of Pine as Observed By PIXE G. Calva-Vásquez(1), J. Miranda(2), and C. Solís(2), L ...
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are often the driving force driving the economy of the countr... more Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are often the driving force driving the economy of the countries, however, are not always fully exploit its innovative and creative capacity because many of these companies do not know the tools for today gives us the technology, worse the benefits we provide social networks. The aim of this article is intended to discuss best practices in the use of social networks as strategic marketing communication in SMEs. The methodology used in the research is based on the analysis of the state of science, exploratory study on the use of social networks and case studies of success. As a result there are two contributions to the enrichment of scientific literature on the subject: i) identification of best practices in the use of social networks and, ii) social networking as a marketing strategy for SMEs.
Uno de los paradigmas es seguir considerando al capital y trabajo como los factores productivos m... more Uno de los paradigmas es seguir considerando al capital y trabajo como los factores productivos más significativos para que las empresas puedan ser más competitivas. En la actualidad las empresas en cualquier actividad que se desenvuelvan requieren de tecnología, conocimiento e información para poder ser eficientes y sobrevivir. Las pequeñas y medianas empresas (Pymes) suelen ser la fuerza motriz que impulsa dichas innovaciones. No obstante, no siempre se explota plenamente su capacidad innovadora y creativa ya que muchas de estas empresas no conocen el sistema de la Propiedad Intelectual (PI) ni la protección que éste puede dar a sus invenciones, marcas y dibujos, modelos industriales, derechos de autor, secretos comerciales, etc. La metodología utilizada en la investigación se fundamenta en el análisis del estado de la ciencia, estudio exploratorio de las prácticas de gestión en las Pymes y estudio de casos detectados en la Base de Datos “IP Advantage” de la Organización Mundial d...
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