I am an advocate of Criminal and Social Justice, former Managing Editor of Pace International Law Review and student Bronx County Public Defender, who believes people better impact society through educated actions. I typically employ the Socratic method of teaching with funneled questions about issues, applicable rules, possible applications, and conclusions that set precedent, focusing on a student’s abilities and understanding. As a researcher, writer and editor, every class I have taken or taught has focused on demonstrating understanding through writing, a prerequisite for professional success. I specialize in helping to develop critical writing skills in all my students. Technology is revolutionizing learning and I strive to bring these tools to traditional and virtual classrooms to enhance student’s practical technological application for career betterment and global advancement.
This paper shows how the Fourth Amendment protects adults from unreasonable searches and seizures... more This paper shows how the Fourth Amendment protects adults from unreasonable searches and seizures in relation to probable cause and reasonable suspicion. It then demonstrates the lowered standard for constitutional searches of schoolchildren at school as being similar to the adult standard of reasonable suspicion. Finally, this paper has details the two prong test in justifying the standard of reasonable suspicion used in schools and how schools can also do limited searches without individual suspicion. These lowered standards are then shown to allow regular drug tests of athletes and the mandatory passing of metal detectors to get into school. Therefore demonstrating that the standards used to search children in public schools are far less demanding then the standards used to search adults. Furthermore, by the end of the paper it is deduced that the limits on Fourth Amendment rights to schoolchildren may cause children, as adults, to not fully understand all of their rights and therefore allow the government to conduct searches and seizures that are ultimately constitutional but subsequently forced upon the individual because they are only taught and shown the rights that they have in schools, which was already shown to be far less from adult protections.
A general overview of reasonable suspicion and probable cause applied to the right to be secure i... more A general overview of reasonable suspicion and probable cause applied to the right to be secure in your person, place and effects highlighting factual examples from cases in V.A.
Hegel maintains that we are free not when we indulge in unconstrained and arbitrary choice but wh... more Hegel maintains that we are free not when we indulge in unconstrained and arbitrary choice but when we acknowledge and recognize that freedom is something that the free will must will, in other words that freedom is right. Our right is thus our freedom construed as something which commands our recognition. 1 However, the self will go through myriad experiences before it can attain the recognition that is required for true freedom and independence. The stages of experiences that Hegel illustrates before attaining true freedom is the self's need for recognition wielded by pure desire that will lead to a subsequent life and death struggle between the self and the other. After said struggle a master-slave relationship will develop. Although there is initial recognition between the master and slave, this is not the proper acknowledgement needed to attain freedom and independence. Rather it only demonstrates the
Rationalism holds that some claims to real existence can be justified independently of experience... more Rationalism holds that some claims to real existence can be justified independently of experience, or are a priori. Empiricism however, asserts that no such claims can be justified a priori; rather, all justification of beliefs concerning real existence is dependent on experience. As such, a rationalist does not need to hold that all knowledge of reality is a priori, while the empiricist is committed to holding that no knowledge of existence is a priori. Therefore, although the empiricist must try to disprove all claims of existence knowledge to be known a priori the rationalist only needs to demonstrate that one instance of existence knowledge is known absolutely through a priori.
QUESTIONS PRESENTED
1. Was it an error for the Superior Court to deny the appellant’s request for... more QUESTIONS PRESENTED 1. Was it an error for the Superior Court to deny the appellant’s request for a jury instruction that consent is an absolute defense to an assault while the players were participating in the legal sport of rugby? 2. Was it an error for the Superior Court to deny the appellant’s request for a jury instruction of self-defense when the opposing player improperly moved his hands during a heated game of rugby?
This paper shows how the Fourth Amendment protects adults from unreasonable searches and seizures... more This paper shows how the Fourth Amendment protects adults from unreasonable searches and seizures in relation to probable cause and reasonable suspicion. It then demonstrates the lowered standard for constitutional searches of schoolchildren at school as being similar to the adult standard of reasonable suspicion. Finally, this paper has details the two prong test in justifying the standard of reasonable suspicion used in schools and how schools can also do limited searches without individual suspicion. These lowered standards are then shown to allow regular drug tests of athletes and the mandatory passing of metal detectors to get into school. Therefore demonstrating that the standards used to search children in public schools are far less demanding then the standards used to search adults. Furthermore, by the end of the paper it is deduced that the limits on Fourth Amendment rights to schoolchildren may cause children, as adults, to not fully understand all of their rights and therefore allow the government to conduct searches and seizures that are ultimately constitutional but subsequently forced upon the individual because they are only taught and shown the rights that they have in schools, which was already shown to be far less from adult protections.
A general overview of reasonable suspicion and probable cause applied to the right to be secure i... more A general overview of reasonable suspicion and probable cause applied to the right to be secure in your person, place and effects highlighting factual examples from cases in V.A.
Hegel maintains that we are free not when we indulge in unconstrained and arbitrary choice but wh... more Hegel maintains that we are free not when we indulge in unconstrained and arbitrary choice but when we acknowledge and recognize that freedom is something that the free will must will, in other words that freedom is right. Our right is thus our freedom construed as something which commands our recognition. 1 However, the self will go through myriad experiences before it can attain the recognition that is required for true freedom and independence. The stages of experiences that Hegel illustrates before attaining true freedom is the self's need for recognition wielded by pure desire that will lead to a subsequent life and death struggle between the self and the other. After said struggle a master-slave relationship will develop. Although there is initial recognition between the master and slave, this is not the proper acknowledgement needed to attain freedom and independence. Rather it only demonstrates the
Rationalism holds that some claims to real existence can be justified independently of experience... more Rationalism holds that some claims to real existence can be justified independently of experience, or are a priori. Empiricism however, asserts that no such claims can be justified a priori; rather, all justification of beliefs concerning real existence is dependent on experience. As such, a rationalist does not need to hold that all knowledge of reality is a priori, while the empiricist is committed to holding that no knowledge of existence is a priori. Therefore, although the empiricist must try to disprove all claims of existence knowledge to be known a priori the rationalist only needs to demonstrate that one instance of existence knowledge is known absolutely through a priori.
QUESTIONS PRESENTED
1. Was it an error for the Superior Court to deny the appellant’s request for... more QUESTIONS PRESENTED 1. Was it an error for the Superior Court to deny the appellant’s request for a jury instruction that consent is an absolute defense to an assault while the players were participating in the legal sport of rugby? 2. Was it an error for the Superior Court to deny the appellant’s request for a jury instruction of self-defense when the opposing player improperly moved his hands during a heated game of rugby?
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1. Was it an error for the Superior Court to deny the appellant’s request for a jury instruction that consent is an absolute defense to an assault while the players were participating in the legal sport of rugby?
2. Was it an error for the Superior Court to deny the appellant’s request for a jury instruction of self-defense when the opposing player improperly moved his hands during a heated game of rugby?
1. Was it an error for the Superior Court to deny the appellant’s request for a jury instruction that consent is an absolute defense to an assault while the players were participating in the legal sport of rugby?
2. Was it an error for the Superior Court to deny the appellant’s request for a jury instruction of self-defense when the opposing player improperly moved his hands during a heated game of rugby?